Beautiful Countryside Jide Village By Li Zheng.
美麗鄉村——嵩明積德村。李睜攝
Dawn breaks. When travelers tranquilly set foot on the land of Kunming City, Songming County more than 40 kilometers away has taken on its most vivid aspect of the day. Songming, not only the first significant node in the northeast of Yunnan capital city but the most important industrial cluster and urban function development area of the Province, must always be prepared to participate in the daily life and fast changes of the new modern Kunming.
晨光初放，當旅行者悄然推開昆明城的大門，四十多公裡外的嵩明縣城已經鋪展了它一天中最生動的表情。作為雲南省會城市朝向東北面的第一個重要節點，作為雲南最重要的産業聚集地和城市功能拓展區，嵩明必須時刻準備着，參與到大昆明的平常生活與日新月異當中。
At this time when clouds wreathe the rounded peak of Yaoling Mountain, water of Niulan River also flows to awaken cheerful fishes, and Shuiguan Street’s stone paths reflect the glimmer of harmony. With such a grand picture unfolding, the cultural journey of Vocational Education Park has started, coupled with the brewing up of scientific and technological innovation in modern workshops of Yanglin Industrial Zone.
此時，藥靈山的雲彩環繞在圓潤的峰巅上，牛欄江的水流抵達了魚兒們歡快的時刻，水官街的石頭路反射着和諧的光芒，職教園區的文化之旅已然開始，而楊林工業園區的現代化工廠中的房間裡，科技創新的力量正在聚合。
站在文化的巅峰上
Standing on the peak of culture
Looking back, as participants of the ancient Dian culture, Songming residents left their footprints earliest in the Paleolithic period. In the 1980s, Songming people chanced upon evidence of ancient humans living in Huanglong Mountain in the north of the county: some roughly-made stone tablets and axes. With the sparked of these stone implements, civilization evolved in a booming way. During the Warring States Period when the Chu general Zhuang Qiao conquered Dian (Yunnan), the new ground was opened up in the ancient Dian civilization, and Songming was included in “lands of plenty that extended dozens of miles” in the ancient Dian Kingdom. Yizhou Prefecture was first established in Yunnan with twenty-four counties set up in the Western Han Dynasty, a time from which on a county-based system begun in Songming.
時間回溯。作為古滇文化的參與者，嵩明這個地域上最早期的人類足迹是在舊石器時代。上世紀80年代，嵩明人在不經意的活動中，于縣城北面的黃龍山發現了遠古人類生活的證據：一些打制粗糙的石片、石斧。靠着這些石器打燧出的星星之火，文明快速演進。至戰國莊蹻王滇，開創古滇文明新氣象，嵩明就屬于古滇國“肥饒數十裡”之地。西漢，始在雲南設定益州郡，置二十四縣，嵩明地域成為縣制。
Statue of Lan Mao.By Li Zheng
蘭茂雕像。李睜攝
Nothing is more imaginable than the history in the Shu Han Period. If the Songming folklore about Zhuge Liang's expedition to the south proves true and reliable, the name of Songming would have its origin. In general, the story unfolds as it was in 225 AD, when Zhuge's invincible and intrepid expedition troops stationed for a while in Yaoling Mountain in Songming, and they arrested and released the local tribal leader Meng Huo several times, thus making him surrender sincerely and establish an alliance with Zhuge, known as "Songmeng". This event was recorded on a small stone tablet, named as GuMengTai. Nowadays, GuMengTai still stands in Songming County, like a withering courtier acting as a hostage to history.
瑰麗的彩雲從漢朝的想象裡次第綻放，蜀漢已經馬蹄飛揚。如果嵩明鄉間關于諸葛亮南中之行的種種傳說真實可靠，嵩明的名稱就有了源頭。大概情況是：建興三年，諸葛孔明的南征大軍像風一樣踏平了落日。這些悍烈的軍隊在嵩明境内的藥靈山停歇了一些時候，數次捉放地方部落首領孟獲，令其屈服，築台結盟，是為“嵩盟”。這段大叙事，刻錄在一塊小石牌上，人稱古盟台，今天依然立于嵩明縣城，像一個風蝕殘年的舊臣，充當着曆史的人質。
After that, the Yuan army went through a myriad of hardships and miraculously arrived in Yunnan. Here in the grand event of Sayyid’s water control, a governor named Gao A’kuang appeared at the node of time, who changed Songmeng to Songming. Since then, this name has been officially recorded in important passages of various ancient books. In the Ming Dynasty calling for farmland reclamation, hundreds of thousands of people swarmed into Yunnan from the Central Plains as migrants. It was this major wave of migration that brought Yanglin the great recluse Lan Mao with spectacular literary talents in him.
元跨革囊，馳騁西南諸番，在賽典赤雲南治水的宏大事件中，一個名叫高阿況的知州出現在時光的節點上，他改嵩盟為嵩明，從此這個名稱正式被記錄于各種典籍的重要段落裡。明代移民屯田，數十萬人從中原似滾滾紅塵入滇。這股聲勢浩大的洪流，使楊林擁有了大隐蘭茂及他氣貫長虹的文氣餘脈。
Lan Mao Memorial Hall in Songming County. By Yang Yanhui
嵩明蘭茂紀念館。楊豔輝攝
Songming after the arrival of Lan Mao, standing at the pinnacle of culture, brought forth the fresh through the stale and gradually cultivated the humanistic characteristics, with its people "engaging in farming, skilled in singing and dancing, keen on lantern activities and fond of writing and reading". Regardless of the administrative division, Songming eternally is the "home to lantern festival", "land of dragon-lion dance", as well as "brithplace of Fei Jiu (a medicinal liquor)". These cultural symbols all standing out, can mutually reinforce modern agriculture, industry and commerce, thus leading Songming to glory.
蘭茂之後的嵩明，站在文化的巅峰之上，推陳出新，漸成“務農耕，善歌舞，喜花燈，重詩書”的人文特質。不論行政區劃屬曲靖專區、屬昆明市轄、屬滇中新區，“花燈之鄉”“龍獅之鄉”“肥酒之鄉”等文化符号均能一枝獨秀，與農業、工業、商貿業的時代符号融會貫通，日月之上，呈嵩秀澤明之大氣象。
蘭茂是一個隐藏的驚歎号
Lan Mao: A hidden wonder
Let us retrospect those beauteous mornings!
還是讓我們回到那些美麗的早晨吧！
Were it a morning in the countryside of the Ming Dynasty, the peerless master named Lan Mao might have already collected a bunch of "Shengma" (rhizoma cimicifugae) from dewdrops and held it tightly in the palm of his hand. Why this herb is mentioned here lies in a fact that it was once used as an administrative name for quite a long time for Songming, that is, "Shengma County". Yet such emphasis on the existence of a plant is not accidental, which, at least, illustrates the fertility and strong land capability of Songming Dam, paving the way for the emergence of Lan Mao with his Materia Medica in South Yunnan. Lan Mao, a hidden wonder of Songming, has significantly influenced the cultural orientation of this region since the Ming Dynasty.
如果是一個明代鄉間的早晨，那個名叫蘭茂的絕世高人，或許已經踩着晶瑩的露珠，采集了一株升麻，并把它緊緊地攥在手心。之是以提及這株草藥，是因為嵩明曾經以“升麻縣”作為行政名稱，承載了遙遠的時光。如此強調一種植物的存在，絕非偶然，它至少說明了嵩明壩子豐盈的物産生長能力，也為蘭茂和《滇南本草》的出現埋下了有力的伏筆。蘭茂是隐藏在嵩明大地上的一個驚歎号，顯性地影響了這個地域自明代以來的文化取向。
Dragon Dance. By Li Zheng
舞龍表演。李睜攝
In Lan Mao's eyes, every inch of Songming's land is soaked in inherently herbal scent and poetic charm. By the shimmering Jiali Wetland and on the top of the Yaoling Mountain embraced by clouds and mists, he "tasted herbs to distinguish medicinal properties, collected specimens, clarified characteristics, drew images as well as gathered data", finally completing China's first endemic drug monograph Materia Medica in South Yunnan. Lan Mao, who lived in seclusion in the countryside, spread the knowledge of Yunnan plants' pharmacological and medicinal properties to distant places. Innumerable copies of this monumental work have emerged one after another, continually passed down because of its loyal fans who also carry out relevant researches constantly. However, Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica didn’t appear in people's lives until 142 years later.
在蘭茂的眼中，嵩明的每一寸土地，都彌漫着刻骨的藥性和迷人的詩意。在波光粼粼的嘉麗澤畔，在雲蒸霧纏的藥靈山巅，他“嘗百草，辨藥性，采标本，明特征，繪圖形，集資料”，終于成就中國第一部地方性藥物專著《滇南本草》。隐于鄉間的蘭茂，把雲南草木的藥理藥性散發到遠方，範本、務本以及無以數計的抄本《滇南本草》行世，從來沒有中斷過傳承的腳步，那些孜孜不倦的着迷者，永不疲憊。而一直要等到142年後，李時珍的《本草綱目》才會出現在人們的生活之中。
Lan Mao not only used technical terms to record plants, but also resorted to poems to praise everything in this world. "Emerald mountains are shrouded in clouds, and golden paddies are blooming with madrigals", "I hope for the rest of my life to feed on the tomato and potato, and stay away from all the worldly hustle and bustle". These realistic poems, lyric poems, object-chanting poems, pastoral landscape poems, and philosophical poems sorted out by later generations are all writen for the all in Yanglin, sublimating the rustic charm of Songming.
不僅用專業術語記錄草木，蘭茂還用詩歌歌頌大地上的事物。“雲斂瑤山碧，農歌早稻黃”“誠能白首甘蔬食，不許紅塵染布衣”，後人整理分類出來的這些現實詩、抒懷詩、詠物詩、山水田園詩、哲理詩，無不緊貼着楊林的萬般物象，無不升華着嵩明的鄉土氣韻。
Let’s continue our voyage of time.
時間繼續在春風裡浩蕩。
If we, like the great traveler Xu Xiake, stood on the top of Yanglin Mountain and gazed into the distance, would we perceive the contribution of Langong Temple in tranquility and melancholy in its depth? After hundreds of years of immense history, nowadays, we are even more able to fully understand the Ming Dynasty from its silence where Lan Mao’s everlasting spirit lies. In addition to the medical achievements, he also perfected the phonology of national mandarin on the basis of Yunnan dialect, who authored Introduction to Phonology that has improved the most critical cultural compatibility between the southwest border areas and the Central Plains, and is widely referred to as the "Chinese pronunciation dictionary" in today's academic circles. Besides, our omnipotent genius also wrote Strategies for Frontier Stabilization to provide military guidance, and passed on the essence of Neo-Confucianism with drama creation.
如果我們像當年的大旅行家徐霞客一樣，站在楊林山頂之上眺望，是否會感覺到蘭公祠曲徑通幽的精神貢獻，還有它深邃的眸子裡最憂郁的神情？曆經數百年的風雨交替，今天，我們更加能夠從蘭公祠的沉默裡，一眼看到明代。蘭茂就在這裡千古不朽。他“竟以方音變古法”，著《韻略易通》，拉近了西南邊陲與中原大地最關鍵的文化密碼配伍，被今日之學界廣泛稱為“國音字典”。他還以《安邊策條》指點疆場風雲，以戲劇創作續傳理學精要，無所不能，又無所不通。
Songming County. By Zhou Mi
嵩明縣城。周密攝
Wandering in the shiny green idyllic world, Lan Mao might have understood the phenological secrets behind every single plant and the infinite vitality of the whole nature. As science and technology develop over time, Songming Dam has become an extremely important commodity grain production base with everything flourishing and an agriculture prospering in all seasons. Here in the state-level modern agricultural demonstration zone, a combination of population, commerce, and services has been achieved, traditional and modern planting methods complement each other, machine production is mutually reinforcing manual labor, and the production structure is constantly adjusted and updated. Smokes curling up from kitchen chimneys, the village brims with joy: rice fragrant, fishes fat, lotus elegant and tweedle melodious. What the picturesque poetry of the countryside! It tactfully neutralizes the rigidity of the commercial era.
遊移在綠油油的鄉間，蘭茂應該洞悉了每一味草木背後的物候隐秘，洞察到厚土繁花之上的無限生機。在歲月和科技的助推下，嵩明壩子萬物茁壯，農業競相變幻着四季的顔色，成為極其重要的商品糧生産基地。在這裡，國家級現代農業示範區實作了人口、商貿、服務的嫁接，傳統種植與現代手段互為補充，人工勞作與機器生産同頻共振，生産結構不斷調整更新。袅袅炊煙裡，村莊在節節長高，稻香魚肥，荷韻琴聲，鄉土的詩意，巧妙地克服着商業時代的生硬表情。
Lan Mao ought to be familiar with every tune and beat of the Songming lantern drama, and silently resonate with the great music of this folk song art by his aesthetic state. Since the cultural prosperity during the Ming and Qing Dynasties made the art of lanterns bloom, the emerging lanterns art of Songming after the founding of New China outshine others and enrich people's spiritual world like mushrooms after spring rains.
蘭茂應該稔熟嵩明花燈的每一個曲調和闆眼，并用他的審美高度，無聲地應和了這一民間曲藝的大音希聲。明清時期，強大的文化力量催促着花燈藝術猛烈地吐蕊，以緻新中國成立後，嵩明花燈一枝獨秀，像春雨中萌動的新筍，生動了人們精神的田園。
Lan Mao should have smelled the long-standing fragrance of Yanglin liquor early. Thanks to the nourishment of his watery liquor prescriptions, all Yanglin people kept extracting the magical liquid essence from the plump grain, thus rendering local liquor-making industries thriving in a picture that “all households engage in brewing, with the fragrance floating in the air”. In the Qing Dynasty, the famous Yanglin medicinal liquor was finally formulated, which once became the support of the economy and the spring of happiness of local people.
蘭茂應該早早地聞見了源遠流長的楊林酒香。靠着他水酒藥方的滋養，楊林人從飽滿的糧食裡不斷提取靈動的液态精華，“百家立竈，千村飄香”，釀酒業勃興。至清代，終于配制出名揚四方的楊林肥酒，一度成為經濟的支撐、生活的甘泉。
Lan Mao should have heard beforehand Songming's ceaseless reading sound. To enlighten students, he set up old-style academies and private schools, from which Yanglin Vocational Education Park inherits. This new city of vocational education in provincial colleges and universities possesses quite complete disciplines and increasingly mature teaching concepts, where students of science and engineering are indulging in modern laboratories, looking for the scientific fulcrum to move the world, while their mates of literature and history are chanting ancient poems under vigorous old trees, like "Sky to sun, rain to wind, summers to winters, breeze skimming over willow-leafs by pond, to moon melting within pear-blossom in yard."
蘭茂應該預知到了嵩明永不斷根的朗朗書聲。從他設館授徒，私塾教化之始，那些搖頭晃腦的遙遠身影，漸漸變幻為楊林職教園區的莘莘學子。在這個省級高校職業教育新城中，有着十分完整的學科門類，日臻成熟的教學理念。理工科的學生們沉溺于現代化的實驗室裡，尋找撬動地球的科學支點，文史類的孩子們還在蒼勁的老樹下，吟誦舊時代的“天對日，雨對風，九夏對三冬，楊柳池塘風淡淡，梨花院落月溶溶。”
The luxuriant mother earth represents the mysterious cradle of culture.
萬物蔥茏的土地，就是文化衍生的秘境。
The Night of Songming. By Li Zheng
嵩明夜色。李睜攝
According to data, Lan Mao's ancestors came from Luoyang, Henan, who followed the immigration wave of the Ming Dynasty and settled in Yanglin, Songming. This was a long journey and a path through which information flowed. Relying on rich external cultural deposits, Lan Mao, like a plant full of medicinal properties, absorbed wonderful spirit of both nature and culture in ancient Yanglin. He studied diverse books on religion, medicine and divination, continuously exploring profound mysteries within them. He reached the highest level of life as a hermit and celebrated scholar, showing his independent mind and talent in medicine, phonology, literature, philosophy, education as well as military science, and spreading the Songming culture for hundreds of years more widely on his own.
資料記載，蘭茂的先人來自河南洛陽，挾裹在明代軍墾移民的洪流中，落腳于嵩明楊林。這是一段綿長的路程，也是一條資訊流切入的路徑。依靠着厚重的外來文化背景，蘭茂像一株藥性十足的草木，在楊林古鎮得天地之靈氣，“盡黃冠、缁流、醫方、蔔筮、鳳角之書，靡不窮究其奧”，完成了隐士和名士的最高人生境界，展露了從醫藥學、音韻學、文學、哲學到教育、軍事等方面的獨特學識，以一己之力，拉伸了嵩明長達數百年的文化坐标。
"A veritable man of prestige in ancient Dian, a gerontic wiz at poetry nicknamed Xuan Kun". Behind every splendor of Songming culture, there is the dim silhouette of Lan Mao.
“古滇真名士，玄壸老詩人”，但凡嵩明文化閃閃發光的部分，都從暗處襯托着蘭茂冷峻的身影。
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