複合資料類型，英文詞頻統計

作業來源于：https://edu.cnblogs.com/campus/gzcc/GZCC-16SE2/homework/2696

1.清單，元組，字典，集合分别如何增删改查及周遊。

1.清單

1 list = ['wang','li','chen']
 2 list.append('huang')
 3 print(list)
 4 #末尾插入元素
 5 list = ['wang','li','chen']
 6 list.insert(2,'huang')
 7 print(list)
 8 #元素插入指定位置
 9 list = ['wang','li','chen']
10 list.remove('li')
11 print(list)
12 #按名稱删除元素
13 list = ['wang','li','chen']
14 list.pop(1)
15 print(list)
16 #按位置删除元素
17 list = ['wang','li','chen']
18 list[1] = 'huang'
19 print(list)
20 #按位置修改元素
21 list = ['wang','li','chen']
22 print(list[1])
23 #查找元素
24 list = ['wang','li','chen']
25 for bl in list:
26     print("序号:{}  {}".format(list.index(bl),bl))
27 #周遊

2.元組

1 ob = ('wang','li')
 2 ob2 = ('chen','huang')
 3 ob3 = ob + ob2
 4 print(ob3)
 5 #添加元素
 6 ob3 = ('wang','li','chen','huang')
 7 print("第一個:{} 第二個:{}".format(ob3[0],ob3[1]))
 8 #查找指定元素
 9 ob = ('wang','li')
10 print("元組删除")
11 del ob
12 #元組删除
13 ob3 = ('wang','li','chen','huang')
14 for bl in ob3:
15     print(bl)
16 #周遊元組

3.字典

1 dict = {'wang':100,'li':90,'chen':80}
 2 dict['huang'] = 70
 3 print(dict)
 4 #添加元素
 5 dict = {'wang':100,'li':90,'chen':80}
 6 del dict['wang']
 7 print(dict)
 8 #删除元素
 9 dict = {'wang':100,'li':90,'chen':80}
10 dict.pop('wang')
11 print(dict)
12 #删除元素
13 dict = {'wang':100,'li':90,'chen':80}
14 dict['wang'] = 99
15 print(dict)
16 #修改元素
17 dict = {'wang':100,'li':90,'chen':80}
18 print("查找的人:{}".format(dict['wang']))
19 #查找元素
20 dict = {'wang':100,'li':90,'chen':80}
21 for bl in dict:
22     print("{}:{}".format(bl,dict[bl]))
23     #周遊字典

4.集合

1 s = set(['wang','li','chen'])
 2 s.add('huang')
 3 print(s)
 4 #添加元素
 5 s = set(['wang','li','chen'])
 6 s.remove('wang')
 7 print(s)
 8 #删除元素
 9 s = set(['wang','li','chen'])
10 s = list(s)
11 s[0] = 'huang'
12 s = set(s)
13 print(s)
14 #修改元素
15 s = set(['wang','li','chen'])
16 s.clear()
17 print(s)
18 s = set(['wang','li','chen'])
19 for bl in s:
20     print(bl)
21     #周遊

2.總結清單，元組，字典，集合的聯系與差別。參考以下幾個方面：

括号

清單：[ ]

元組：( )

字典：{ }

集合：( )
有序無序

清單：有

元組：有

字典：無

集合：無
可變不可變

清單：可變

元組：不可變

字典：不可變

集合：可變
重複不可重複

清單：重複

元組：重複

字典：不可重複

集合：不可重複
存儲與查找方式

清單：按照一定順序編寫，通過偏移讀取

元組：與清單差不多

字典：存儲的是對象引用，不是拷貝，和清單一樣

集合：與清單差不多

3.詞頻統計

1 f = open(r'D:\pyhomework\bigbigword.txt',encoding='utf8')
 2 #打開檔案
 3 stop={'a','the','and','i','you','in','but','not','with','by','its','for','of','an','to','my','myself','we','our','ours','ourelves','about','no','nor'}
 4 def gettext():
 5     sep = "~`*()!<>?,./;'\:[]{}-=_+"
 6     text = f.read().lower()
 7     for s in sep:
 8         text=text.replace(s,'')
 9     return text
10 #讀取檔案
11 textList = gettext().split()
12 print(textList)
13 #分解提取單詞
14 textSet = set(textList)
15 stop = set(stop)
16 textSet = textSet - stop
17 print(textSet)
18 #排除文法詞
19 textDict = {}
20 for word in textSet:
21     textDict[word] = textList.count(word)
22     print(textDict)
23 print(textDict.items())
24 word = list(textDict.items())
25 #單詞計數
26 word.sort(key=lambda x:x[1],reverse=True)
27 print(word)
28 #排序
29 for q in range(20):
30     print(word[q])
31 #次數為前20的單詞
32 
33 import pandas as pd
34 pd.DataFrame(data=word).to_csv("text.csv",encoding='utf-8')