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Kotlin/Java解析XMl檔案的四種方式

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四種解析方式：

DOM

SAX

JDOM

DOM4J

解析目标-books.xml檔案 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<books>
    <book id="1">
        <name>XML深入淺出</name>
        <author>Imooc</author>
        <year>2014</year>
        <price>89</price>
    </book>
    <book id="2">
        <name>Java從入門到精通</name>
        <author>Imooc</author>
        <price>369</price>
    </book>
</books>

1. DOM方式解析 

package imooc

import org.junit.Test
import org.xml.sax.SAXException
import java.io.IOException
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException
import javax.xml.soap.Node

/**
 * @author futao
 * Created on 2017/11/2 - 18:19.
 */
class XML {
    @Test
    fun DOM() {
        //1.建立一個DocumentBuilderFactory對象
        val builderFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance()
        try {
            //2.建立一個DocumentBuilder
            val documentBuilder = builderFactory.newDocumentBuilder()
            //通過DocumentBuilder對象的parse方法加載books.xml到目前項目下
            val parse = documentBuilder.parse("D:\\src\\springhibernate\\springshibernate\\src\\test\\kotlin\\imooc\\books.xml")
            //擷取節點(book)的集合
            val bookNodeList = parse.getElementsByTagName("book")

            println("book節點個數為${bookNodeList.length}")
            //周遊每一個book節點
            for (i in 0 until bookNodeList.length) {
                //周遊每個book節點的所有屬性的集合
                val bookNodeAttributes = bookNodeList.item(i).attributes
                for (j in 0 until bookNodeAttributes.length) {
                    println("第${i + 1} 個book節點公有${bookNodeList.item(i).attributes.length}個屬性")
                    println("屬性：" + bookNodeAttributes.item(j))
                    println(bookNodeAttributes.item(j).nodeName)
                    println(bookNodeAttributes.item(j).nodeValue)

                    //擷取目前book節點的子節點集合
                    val bookNodeChildNodes = bookNodeList.item(i).childNodes
                    //會把空格和換行符也當成節點
                    println("第${i + 1} 本書共有${(bookNodeChildNodes.length - 1) / 2}個子節點")
//                    for (k in 0 until (bookNodeChildNodes.length - 1) / 2) {
                    (0 until bookNodeChildNodes.length - 1)
                            .filter { bookNodeChildNodes.item(it).nodeType == Node.ELEMENT_NODE }
                            .forEach {
                                print("子節點" + bookNodeChildNodes.item(it).nodeName)
                                //null
//                                println(bookNodeChildNodes.item(it).nodeValue)
                                println("   對應的值為   " + bookNodeChildNodes.item(it).firstChild.nodeValue)
//                                println("   對應的值為   " + bookNodeChildNodes.item(it).textContent)
                            }
                }
            }
        } catch (e: ParserConfigurationException) {
            e.printStackTrace()
        } catch (e: IOException) {
            e.printStackTrace()
        } catch (e: SAXException) {
            e.printStackTrace()
        }

    }
}

結果

book節點個數為2
第1 個book節點公有1個屬性
屬性：id="1"
id
1
第1 本書共有4個子節點
子節點name   對應的值為   XML深入淺出
子節點author   對應的值為   Imooc
子節點year   對應的值為   2014
子節點price   對應的值為   89
第2 個book節點公有1個屬性
屬性：id="2"
id
2
第2 本書共有3個子節點
子節點name   對應的值為   Java從入門到精通
子節點author   對應的值為   Imooc
子節點price   對應的值為   369

2.SAX方式解析

Book.class

package imooc;

/**
 * @author futao
 * Created on 2017/11/3 - 11:05.
 */
public class Book {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String author;
    private String year;
    private String price;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }

    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }

    public String getYear() {
        return year;
    }

    public void setYear(String year) {
        this.year = year;
    }

    public String getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(String price) {
        this.price = price;
    }
}

           
@Test
    fun bySAX() {
        val sAXParserFactory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance()
        val sAXParser = sAXParserFactory.newSAXParser()
        //需要編寫處理類MySAXParserHandler
        sAXParser.parse("D:\\src\\springhibernate\\springshibernate\\src\\test\\kotlin\\imooc\\books.xml", MySAXParserHandler())

    }


    
class MySAXParserHandler : DefaultHandler() {
    //周遊xml的book節點的索引
    private var bookIndex = 0
    //儲存book對象
    private var bookList = ArrayList<Book>()
    //目前的book對象
    var book = Book()
    //目前文本内容
    var trim = ""

    /**
     * 周遊xml的檔案開始标簽
     */
    override fun startElement(uri: String?, localName: String?, qName: String?, attributes: Attributes?) {
        super.startElement(uri, localName, qName, attributes)
        if (qName!! == "book") {
            book = Book()
            bookList.add(book)
            bookIndex++
            println("開始周遊第$bookIndex 本書")
//            val value = attributes!!.getValue("id")
//            println(value)
            for (i in 0 until attributes!!.length) {
                print("屬性名為：" + attributes.getQName(i))
                println("屬性值為：" + attributes.getValue(i))
                book.id = attributes.getValue(i).toInt()
            }
        } else if (qName != "book" && qName != "books") {
            print("子節點名字為：   $qName    子節點的值為：     ")
        }
    }

    /**
     * 周遊xml檔案的結束标簽
     */
    override fun endElement(uri: String?, localName: String?, qName: String?) {
        super.endElement(uri, localName, qName)
        when (qName) {
            "name" -> book.name = trim
            "author" -> book.author = trim
            "year" -> book.year = trim
            "price" -> book.price = trim
        }
        if (qName == "book") {
            println("========================第$bookIndex 本書周遊完成")
        }
    }

    /**
     * 标志解析開始
     */
    override fun startDocument() {
        super.startDocument()
        println("SAX解析開始...")
    }

    /**
     * 标志解析結束
     */
    override fun endDocument() {
        super.endDocument()
        println("SAX解析結束...")
        println(GsonBuilder().serializeNulls().setPrettyPrinting().create().toJson(bookList))
    }

    /**
     * 解析内容，擷取文本
     */
    override fun characters(ch: CharArray?, start: Int, length: Int) {
        super.characters(ch, start, length)
        val strings = String(ch!!, start, length)
        trim = strings.trim()
        if (trim != "") {
            println(trim)
        }
    }
           
SAX解析開始...
開始周遊第1 本書
屬性名為：id屬性值為：1
子節點名字為：   name    子節點的值為：     XML深入淺出
子節點名字為：   author    子節點的值為：     Imooc
子節點名字為：   year    子節點的值為：     2014
子節點名字為：   price    子節點的值為：     89
========================第1 本書周遊完成
開始周遊第2 本書
屬性名為：id屬性值為：2
子節點名字為：   name    子節點的值為：     Java從入門到精通
子節點名字為：   author    子節點的值為：     Imooc
子節點名字為：   price    子節點的值為：     369
========================第2 本書周遊完成
SAX解析結束...
[
  {
    "id": 1,
    "name": "XML深入淺出",
    "author": "Imooc",
    "year": "2014",
    "price": "89"
  },
  {
    "id": 2,
    "name": "Java從入門到精通",
    "author": "Imooc",
    "year": null,
    "price": "369"
  }
]

3.JDOM

Maven依賴

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.jdom/jdom -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.jdom</groupId>
                <artifactId>jdom</artifactId>
                <version>2.0.2</version>
            </dependency>

主要代碼

package imooc.imooc.jdom

import com.google.gson.GsonBuilder
import imooc.Book
import org.jdom2.input.SAXBuilder
import org.junit.Test
import java.io.FileInputStream
import java.io.InputStreamReader

/**
 * @author futao
 * Created on 2017/11/3 - 13:41.
 */
class Jdom {
    @Test
    fun testJdom() {
        val list = ArrayList<Book>()
        var book = Book()
        //1.建立一個SAXBuilder對象
        val saxBuilder = SAXBuilder()
        /*
        * 亂碼解決方案
        * 1.修改xml檔案的編碼格式
        * 2.用InputStreamReader代替FileInputStream，設定編碼格式
        * */
        //2.通過輸入流的方式加載xml檔案到saxBuilder中
//        val document = saxBuilder.build(FileInputStream("D:\\src\\springhibernate\\springshibernate\\src\\test\\resources\\books.xml"))
        val document = saxBuilder.build(InputStreamReader(FileInputStream("D:\\src\\springhibernate\\springshibernate\\src\\test\\resources\\books.xml"), "UTF-8"))
        //3.擷取根節點
        val rootElement = document.rootElement
        //4.根節點的子節點集合
        val rootChildElement = rootElement.children
        for (i in rootChildElement) {
            println("==================== 開始解析第${rootChildElement.indexOf(i) + 1}本書==================== ")
            book = Book()
            //解析根節點的所有屬性
            for (k in i.attributes) {
                println(k.name + "   ：   " + k.value)
                assignment(book, k.name, k.value)
            }
            val children = i.children
            //解析子節點和子節點的内容
            for (j in children) {
                println(j.name + "  :   " + j.value)
                assignment(book, j.name, j.value)
            }
            list.add(book)
        }
        println(GsonBuilder().serializeNulls().setPrettyPrinting().create().toJson(list))
    }

    private fun assignment(book: Book, property: String, value: String): Book {
        when (property) {
            "id" -> book.id = value.toInt()
            "name" -> book.name = value
            "author" -> book.author = value
            "year" -> book.year = value
            "price" -> book.price = value
        }
        return book
    }
}

           
==================== 開始解析第1本書==================== 
id   ：   1
name  :   XML深入淺出
author  :   Imooc
year  :   2014
price  :   89
==================== 開始解析第2本書==================== 
id   ：   2
name  :   Java從入門到精通
author  :   Imooc
price  :   369

Disconnected from the target VM, address: '127.0.0.1:59271', transport: 'socket'
[
  {
    "id": 1,
    "name": "XML深入淺出",
    "author": "Imooc",
    "year": "2014",
    "price": "89"
  },
  {
    "id": 2,
    "name": "Java從入門到精通",
    "author": "Imooc",
    "year": null,
    "price": "369"
  }
]

4.DOM4J

maven依賴

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/dom4j/dom4j -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>dom4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>dom4j</artifactId>
    <version>1.6.1</version>
</dependency>

           
package imooc.imooc.dom4j

import com.google.gson.GsonBuilder
import imooc.Book
import org.dom4j.Attribute
import org.dom4j.Element
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader
import org.junit.Test
import java.io.File

/**
 * @author futao
 * Created on 2017/11/3 - 14:37.
 */
class DOM4JTest {
    @Test
    fun testDOM4J() {
        val list = ArrayList<Book>()
        var book = Book()

        val saxReader = SAXReader()
        val document = saxReader.read(File("D:\\src\\springhibernate\\springshibernate\\src\\test\\resources\\books.xml"))
        //根節點
        val rootElement = document.rootElement
        //通過Element的elementIterator()方法擷取疊代器
        val elementIterator = rootElement.elementIterator()
        //周遊疊代器，擷取根節點的子節點資訊
        for ((index, i) in elementIterator.withIndex()) {
            val element = i as Element
//            println(element.name)
            println("===============開始解析第${index + 1}本書===============")
            book = Book()
            //周遊子節點的屬性
            i.attributes()
                    .map { it as Attribute }
                    .forEach {
                        println(it.name + "    :   " + it.value)
                        assignment(book, it.name, it.value)
                    }
            //周遊子節點的子節點和内容
            for (k in i.elementIterator()) {
                k as Element
                println(k.name + "    :   " + k.textTrim)
                assignment(book, k.name, k.textTrim)
            }
            list.add(book)
        }
        println(GsonBuilder().serializeNulls().setPrettyPrinting().create().toJson(list))
    }

    private fun assignment(book: Book, property: String, value: String): Book {
        when (property) {
            "id" -> book.id = value.toInt()
            "name" -> book.name = value
            "author" -> book.author = value
            "year" -> book.year = value
            "price" -> book.price = value
        }
        return book
    }
}
           
===============開始解析第1本書===============
id    :   1
name    :   deep
name    :   XML深入淺出
author    :   Imooc
year    :   2014
price    :   89
===============開始解析第2本書===============
id    :   2
name    :   Java從入門到精通
author    :   Imooc
price    :   369
[
  {
    "id": 1,
    "name": "XML深入淺出",
    "author": "Imooc",
    "year": "2014",
    "price": "89"
  },
  {
    "id": 2,
    "name": "Java從入門到精通",
    "author": "Imooc",
    "year": null,
    "price": "369"
  }
]

讀取效率 

@Test
    fun efficiencyCompare() {
        val startTime1 = System.currentTimeMillis()
        testDOM4J()
        println("DOM4J耗時: ${System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime1}")


        val startTime2 = System.currentTimeMillis()
        Jdom().testJdom()
        println("JDOM耗時: ${System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime2}")

        val startTime3 = System.currentTimeMillis()
        XML().byDOM()
        println("DOM耗時: ${System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime3}")



        val startTime4 = System.currentTimeMillis()
        XML().bySAX()
        println("SAX耗時: ${System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime4}")

    }
           
DOM4J耗時: 379
JDOM耗時: 141
DOM耗時: 52
SAX耗時: 32
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