在11gR2中,引入了SCAN(Single Client Access Name)的特性,該特性的好處在于,在資料庫與用戶端之間,添加了一層虛拟的服務層,就是所謂的scan ip以及scan ip listener,在用戶端僅需要配置scan ip的tns資訊,通過scan ip listener,連接配接背景叢集資料庫。這樣,不論叢集資料庫是否有添加或者删除節點的操作,均不會對client産生影響。當有用戶端應用程式使用SCAN ip通路資料庫時,scan listener會将連接配接轉發到local
listener上。
RAC=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=SCAN)(PORT=1521))
(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=RAC))
)
Client should connect to the SCAN name -> scan listener, scan listener will redirect the connection(sometimes beneath) to the node VIP, and all succeeding procedures are same with the previous versions.
和SCAN ip 相關的ip資訊在SCAN 資源建立的時候就被初始化了。在不使用GNS的情況下:任何對DNS和/etc/hosts 中SCAN 中的變更都不會自動同步到Clusterware中而是要手工執行相關的更新操作。下面介紹一下修改scan ip的具體步驟:
實驗環境:
版本:
Clusterware :11.2.0.2
database :11.2.0.1
舊scan ip
10.250.7.210
新scan ip
10.250.7.141
10.250.7.142
10.250.7.143
1 檢視scan ip的狀态資訊:
grid@rac1:/home/grid>srvctl config scan
SCAN 名稱: scan, 網絡: 1/10.250.7.0/255.255.255.0/eth0
SCAN VIP 名稱: scan1, IP: /scan/10.250.7.210
grid@rac1:/home/grid>
2 停止scan_listener ,scan 應用
grid@rac1:/home/grid>srvctl stop scan_listener
grid@rac1:/home/grid>srvctl stop scan
3 确認 scan_listener,scan 的狀态
grid@rac1:/home/grid>srvctl status scan_listener
SCAN 監聽程式 LISTENER_SCAN1 已啟用
SCAN 監聽程式 LISTENER_SCAN1 未運作
grid@rac1:/home/grid>srvctl status scan
SCAN VIP scan1 已啟用
SCAN VIP scan1 未運作
grid@rac1:/home/grid>crs_stat -t | grep scan
ora.scan1.vip ora....ip.type OFFLINE OFFLINE
grid@rac1:/home/grid>crs_stat -t | grep lsnr
ora....ER.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....N1.lsnr ora....er.type OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora....C1.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....C2.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
4 在所有節點中 /etc/hosts 檔案中修改 scan 對應的ip:
10.250.7.141 scan
10.250.7.142 scan
10.250.7.143 scan
grid@rac1:/home/grid>srvctl modify scan -h
修改 SCAN 名稱。
用法: srvctl modify scan -n <scan_name>
-n <scan_name> 域名限定的 SCAN 名
-h 輸出用法
grid 使用者無權更改scan ip,必須使用root權限
grid@rac1:/home/grid>srvctl modify scan -n scan
PRCS-1034 : 無法修改單客戶機通路名 scan
PRCR-1071 : 無法注冊或更新 資源類型 ora.scan_vip.type
CRS-0245: User does not have enough privilege to perform. the operation
[root@rac1 ~]# /opt/11202/11.2.0/grid/bin/srvctl modify scan -n scan
5 變更後,進行确認:
[root@rac1 ~]# /opt/11202/11.2.0/grid/bin/srvctl config scan
SCAN VIP 名稱: scan1, IP: /scan/10.250.7.141 <====隻有一個scan ip
對于/etc/hosts檔案解析scan ip,因為不能做輪訓的負載均衡,是以這時候scan ip就隻能有一個了。
6 重新啟動scan,scan_listener
grid@rac1:/home/grid>srvctl start scan
grid@rac1:/home/grid>srvctl start scan_listener
7 确認scan 和scan_listener.ora的狀态:
grid@rac1:/home/grid>crs_stat -t | grep scan
ora.scan1.vip ora....ip.type ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora....N1.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE ONLINE rac2
進行ping測試
grid@rac1:/home/grid>ping 10.250.7.141
PING 10.250.7.141 (10.250.7.141) 56(84) bytes of
data.
64 bytes from 10.250.7.141: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.52 ms
64 bytes from 10.250.7.141: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.226 ms
--- 10.250.7.141 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1000ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.226/0.873/1.520/0.647 ms
grid@rac1:/home/grid>ping 10.250.7.142
PING 10.250.7.142 (10.250.7.142) 56(84) bytes of data.
與修改private ip ,vip 不一樣,修改scan ip 無需停止資料庫執行個體,asm 或者重新開機crs,相對比較簡單!