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Text: Carry the lantern forward
Edit|Lanterns move forward
(Source: All content stated in this article is based on reliable sources, and is repeated at the end of the article)
The Ganlu Incident occurred during the period of Tang Wenzong, because the dictatorship of the eunuchs at that time made the emperor nominal and insubstantial, and in this case, Tang Wenzong began to implement it to further eradicate the eunuchs.
But he never thought that the plan was leaked halfway, which made Tang Wenzong defeated, and after the end of this incident, it also further accelerated the corruption and demise of the Tang Dynasty.
Development process
The division of feudal towns and the fall of imperial power became the development scene of the late Tang Dynasty.
It can be said that from the beginning of the Anshi Rebellion, the Tang Dynasty began to transform and gradually declined.
After Tang Xuanzong Li Longji got rid of Princess Taiping, in 712, Tang Ruizong gave the throne to Li Longji, thus starting the "Kaiyuan Prosperous Era".
However, in the late Tang Dynasty, because of the excessive favor of Yang Guifei and trust in Yang Guozhong and others, the imperial court gradually began to be corrupt.
As a result, the Anshi Rebellion broke out further, although it was finally pacified by the Tang Dynasty generals, but at the same time, it also left certain drawbacks to the Tang Dynasty, such as the situation of eunuchs in power.
In 765, during the reign of Emperor Zong of the Tang Dynasty, it began to grow gradually, with feudal towns outside and chaos in the government, the most famous of which was the "dispute between friends and parties".
During the period of Tang Xianzong, because the situation in the feudal town became more and more tense, two factions gradually formed in the court, one was the Li Party, which advocated sending troops, and the other was the Niu Party, which negotiated peace.
After a long period of conflict, over time, the two factions competed for power, further threatening the imperial position.
In 820, Yi'an Guo and the eunuchs divided the power equally, and then set up Li Heng as the emperor, for Tang Muzong, and after the death of Tang Muzong, the eunuch dispute was the most intense.
Just two years after Tang Jingzong ascended the throne, he was disposed of by eunuchs, and then Tang Wenzong became the emperor.
However, the eunuch Wang Shoucheng was still very concerned about Tang Wenzong, and in order to avoid accidents, he sent Zheng Zhu and Li Xun to monitor Tang Wenzong, so that he could better grasp the power.
But what Wang Shoucheng never expected was that the two would betray him, and even became the breakthrough point for Tang Wenzong to launch a coup.
On the other hand, Tang Wenzong, he was very aware of the situation in the court at that time, and he had no power of his own, like a lamb to be slaughtered.
Even after Tang Wenzong ascended the throne, a word from a eunuch could abolish his throne, just like the upper and lower levels at work today.
If you do not complete the tasks assigned by the leader at work, you will be punished at least and will be fired at worst.
It's important to note that the choice is in their own hands, and people can do the job so well that even if the leader has the ability to fire him, there is nothing to say.
And Tang Wenzong can't, his personal freedom and power are all in Yi'an Guo and the eunuchs, and the best idea can only be forbearance.
But since Tang Wenzong ascended the throne, he wanted to be a good emperor, so he began to learn to be frugal and work hard, provided that he avoided conflicts with eunuchs.
In this way, after an incident, Tang Wenzong felt that the time had come, so he began to implement a plan to eradicate the eunuchs.
In 828, Liu Rui, who had just been a junior high school for a few years, had already profoundly reflected the environment above the imperial court, because Liu Rui was fair and most unaccustomed to the dictatorship of eunuchs, so he wrote an article criticizing the phenomenon of the imperial court.
There were already ministers in the court who were very dissatisfied with the eunuchs, and after seeing Liu Rui's article, they all wanted Tang Wenzong to give him an official position.
Something happens
However, Tang Wenzong did not choose to agree, because he understood that if Liu Wei was given an official position, it would be tantamount to cultivating cronies, which was not allowed for eunuchs, and once discovered, Tang Wenzong's situation would be even more difficult.
At the same time, he also understood that in order to get rid of the eunuchs, it had to be done without his knowledge.
In 830, Tang Wenzong officially began to adopt the action, he wanted to cultivate his own henchmen by his side, and then appointed Song Shenxi.
But Tang Wenzong's every move was observed by Wang Shoucheng, and the news was not tight, so it leaked out, and it soon reached Wang Shoucheng's ears.
After perceiving that something was wrong, Wang Shoucheng used the strategy of "killing two birds with one stone" to ask Tang Wenzong to personally remove Song Shenxi and Li Miao and others.
Seeing that his plan did not succeed, Tang Wenzong did not give up, but continued to look for opportunities, and later, although Li Xun and Zheng Zhu were on Wang Shoucheng's side, they were dissatisfied with his dictatorship, so they took refuge in Tang Wenzong.
The arrival of the two also gave Tang Wenzong hope again, and in order to focus on dealing with Wang Shoucheng, Tang Wenzong decided to start with the DPRK and China parties first.
The Tang Wen sect sent Li Xun and others to contain Wang Shoucheng at the same time, and used the dispute between the two parties to eliminate them, and in 833, after Wang Shoucheng's peripheral forces were eliminated, he then began to concentrate on getting rid of Wang Shoucheng.
After another two years, at the suggestion of Li Xun and others, Tang Wenzong weakened Wang Shoucheng's military power, and Wang Shoucheng, who had no military power, also let Tang Wenzong dispose of it.
Although Tang Wenzong got rid of the important power of eunuchs, it also exacerbated the contradiction between Li Xun and Zheng Zhu, and the two were deeply loved by Tang Wenzong and were constantly promoted to official positions.
After Wang Shoucheng was eliminated, the heroes were naturally the two of them, so the power continued to grow, and the contradictions rose above the power.
At the same time, after the elimination of the eunuch Wang Shoucheng, there were still Qiu Shiliang and others left in the court, both of whom had their own thoughts, and both wanted to get rid of each other while taking away the credit.
In 835, the two began to prepare their own army, and under the orders of Tang Wenzong, they made preparations for further crusade against Qiu Shiliang and others.
At the same time, after Tang Wenzong dealt with Wang Shoucheng, he began to hold court meetings, but after Han Yue explained the Manna incident, Tang Wenzong was skeptical, because he never believed that such a thing would happen.
But the people around him felt that this was an auspicious sign, and wanted Tang Wenzong to watch, and when he saw the persuasion of hundreds of officials, Tang Wenzong agreed, but he still carefully sent Li Xun and others to check.
After all, Tang Wenzong is very clear about the situation in the imperial court, even if there is no Wang Shoucheng, he must pay attention to the precautions of other eunuchs.
As a result, Li Xun felt that the manna was fake and wanted Tang Wenzong to hide it, but Tang Wenzong became more and more suspicious, so he sent Qiu Shiliang and Han Yue and others to check.
In fact, this is also Tang Wenzong's plan, the purpose is to distract the eunuchs and further catch them all.
Because of this, when Qiu Shiliang went to check, Li Xun began to implement Tang Wenzong's plan to send troops to besiege, but only Guo Xingyu arrived within the specified time.
End Result
After checking it, Qiu Shiliang felt that there was nothing special, and when he was about to report to Tang Wenzong, he found that Han Yue was wrong, and the smart Qiu Shiliang also understood that there were soldiers in ambush.
So when Tang Wenzong didn't have time to implement it, he preemptively reported to Tang Wenzong, and at this time Li Xun understood that the plan had failed, and then wanted to send someone to protect Tang Wenzong.
But it's a pity that the eunuch has taken control of the whole situation, and in the end Tang Wenzong was detained by Xi Zhirong, and Qiu Shiliang and others understood Tang Wenzong's intentions.
However, Tang Wenzong saw that the plan had failed, so he had no choice but to remain silent, and Qiu Shiliang and other eunuchs did not care about Tang Wenzong, but went to arrest those who participated in the incident, including Li Xun and Wang Fan.
Although these people knew that the matter had failed, when they wanted to take further action, they were eventually arrested by the eunuchs.
Since then, the eunuchs have once again controlled power, but because of the change of nectar, the eunuchs attach more importance to power, so Tang Wenzong was completely placed under house arrest.
In 840, after the death of Tang Wenzong, the eunuchs began to make many moves to abolish the emperor, but after Tang Wuzong ascended the throne, the power of the eunuchs was gradually eliminated, and at this time they began to fight the eunuchs with all their might.
In 846, after the end of the rivalry, the eunuch dictatorship was completely quelled, and the ministers who died in the war were put down in rebellion.
In short, the Manna Revolution was an incident planned by Tang Wenzong, but it failed for various reasons, and the eunuchs seized power more firmly.
Although the rebellion of the eunuchs was eventually quelled, it also laid the foundation for the revolt in the last years of the Tang Dynasty, after all, the feudal towns had not been well governed.
Author's point of view
The history of the Manna Revolution has been full of controversy, especially Tang Wenzong's idea, some experts believe that Tang Wenzong participated in this incident, but others feel that Tang Wenzong did not have this idea.
But in any case, the occurrence of the Manna Revolution also made the Tang Dynasty strive for change, which further laid the foundation for later development.
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Reference: Zhao Rongwei, The Change of Manna and Bai Juyi's Later Poetry Creation, 2001
Wang Jie, "The Change of Manna Dew": The Intersection of Politics and Literature in the Middle and Late Tang Dynasties, 2018
Lei Qiaoling, "The Change of Manna Hair", 1995