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今天小编带你学习多属性决策知识，
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increase knowledge, and leave beautiful.
Dear, this is the LearingYard Academy!
Today, the editor brings the “Knowledge of multi-attribute decision-making”.
Welcome to visit!
上期小编带大家探讨了近年学者有关于“零部件供应商选择/决策”为主题文章中的综合决策方法，发现近些年多数学者以TOPSIS、犹豫模糊、后悔理论等大方向进行多方法综合决策，本期小编带大家一起探讨以TOPSIS方法为主的多属性决策研究进程。以知网为渠道，以“TOPSIS”“多属性决策”为主题进行近三年核心级别以上文章搜索。
In the previous issue, the editor discussed the comprehensive decision-making methods used by scholars in recent years on the topic of "component supplier selection/decision-making". It was found that in recent years, many mathematicians have used TOPSIS, hesitant fuzziness, regret theory, and other general directions for multi method comprehensive decision-making. In this issue, the editor takes you to explore the research process of multi-attribute decision-making, mainly using TOPSIS method. Using CNKI as a channel, conduct core level and above article searches in the past three years under the themes of "TOPSIS" and "multi-attribute decision-making".
李慧针对语言的非平衡性、信息的不确定性以及决策者的风险偏好和损失厌恶心理等特点，提出了一种基于非平衡语言的扩展序数偏好排序法并将其应用于医疗决策领域。
作者该方法主要针对的是在TOPSIS方法基础上，增加前景理论可以良好地表达决策者的心理行为特征。并且考虑传统的语言变量难以满足现实决策过程中表达决策信息的需要和非平衡语言具有简洁真实的特点，贴近决策者的思维方式，贴近现实生活中的表达方式，有着广泛的应用前景。
Li Hui proposed an extended ordinal preference ranking method based on imbalanced language to address the characteristics of language imbalance, information uncertainty, and decision-makers' risk preferences and loss aversion, and applied it to the field of medical decision-making.
The author's method mainly focuses on adding prospect theory to the TOPSIS method, which can effectively express the psychological and behavioral characteristics of decision-makers. And considering that traditional language variables are difficult to meet the needs of expressing decision information in the real decision-making process, and non-equilibrium language has the characteristics of simplicity and authenticity, which is close to the thinking mode of decision-makers and the expression mode in real life, it has a wide range of application prospects.
鲁浩男等构建了混合指标条件下基于熵权GRA-TOPSIS的采棉机选型模型。应用于采棉机选型评价指标体系，利用多属性决策和熵权相结合的方法，计算各机型评价指标权重，结合GRA法和TOPSIS法，从数据曲线相似性和位置关系二维空间上反映备选机型与理想机型的贴近度，并对采棉机各机型进行综合排序，为采棉机选型提供了一种新的方法。
作者该方法主要针对的是现有学者所采用的选型方法没有同时考虑指标间难以共度性及多属性决策中单方法应用不足问题，从而构建该模型来提高采棉机选型评价的准确性和科学性。
Lu Haonan et al. constructed a cotton picking machine selection model based on entropy weight GRA-TOPSIS under mixed index conditions. Applied to the evaluation index system for cotton picker selection, a method combining multi-attribute decision-making and entropy weight is used to calculate the weights of evaluation indicators for each model. The GRA and TOPSIS methods are combined to reflect the closeness between the candidate model and the ideal model in the two-dimensional space of data curve similarity and positional relationship. The various models of cotton pickers are comprehensively ranked, providing a new method for cotton picker selection.
The author's method mainly targets the existing selection methods adopted by scholars, which do not simultaneously consider the difficulty of commonality between indicators and the insufficient application of single methods in multi-attribute decision-making. Therefore, this model is constructed to improve the accuracy and scientificity of cotton picking machine selection evaluation.
王化龙等将熵权与TOPSIS法相结合对传统TOPSIS法进行改进，从而构建水利水电工程坝型方案比选的熵权－TOPSIS多属性决策模型，并采用变异系数法检验决策数据离散性，通过分别计算混凝土面板堆石坝方案、沥青混凝土心墙坝方案以及碾压混凝土重力坝方案的加权贴近度，最终推荐混凝土面板堆石坝为上水库坝型方案。
作者该方法主要针对的是传统TOPSIS法中，在计算待评价单元与正负理想解间的欧式距离时往往默认各指标的权重均相等，然而对于任何一个决策系统来说，各决策属性对决策目标的影响一定是不相同的。同时，工程技术人员的经验与认知对决策结果的直接影响效果，决策数据的一致性分析对确保评价结论的可信性具有至关重要的作用。
Wang Hualong et al. improved the traditional TOPSIS method by combining entropy weight and TOPSIS method, and constructed an entropy weight TOPSIS multi-attribute decision-making model for the selection of dam type schemes in water conservancy and hydropower engineering. They used the coefficient of variation method to test the discreteness of decision data, and calculated the weighted closeness of concrete face rockfill dam scheme, asphalt concrete core wall dam scheme, and roller compacted concrete gravity dam scheme separately. Finally, they recommended the concrete face rockfill dam as the upper reservoir dam type scheme.
The author's method mainly targets the traditional TOPSIS method, which often assumes that the weights of each indicator are equal when calculating the Euclidean distance between the unit to be evaluated and the positive and negative ideal solutions. However, for any decision system, the impact of each decision attribute on the decision objective is always different. At the same time, the experience and cognition of engineering and technical personnel have a direct impact on the decision-making results, and the consistency analysis of decision-making data plays a crucial role in ensuring the credibility of evaluation conclusions.
综合上述，研究针对TOPSIS方法的单一漏洞学者进行了多方向的拓展，目前主要集中在研究背景上的创新，例如增加模糊背景、考虑决策者心里因素等方面。
Based on the above, scholars have conducted multi-directional extensions to address the single vulnerability of the TOPSIS method. Currently, the focus is mainly on innovation in the research background, such as adding fuzzy backgrounds and considering the psychological factors of decision-makers.
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参考资料：百度百科、百度翻译
参考文献：
[1] 李慧. 基于非平衡语言扩展TOPSIS的医生推荐方法 [J]. 模糊系统与数学, 2023, 37 (04): 81-91.
[2] 鲁浩男,赵永满,闵玉,等. 混合指标条件下基于熵权GRA-TOPSIS的采棉机选型研究 [J]. 中国农机化学报, 2022, 43 (07): 222-229.
[3] 王化龙,钟姗姗. 基于熵权-TOPSIS的水利水电工程坝型比选多属性决策 [J]. 人民黄河, 2021, 43 (S1): 119-121+124.