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今天小編帶你學習多屬性決策知識，
歡迎您的通路！
Share interest, spread happiness,
increase knowledge, and leave beautiful.
Dear, this is the LearingYard Academy!
Today, the editor brings the “Knowledge of multi-attribute decision-making”.
Welcome to visit!
上期小編帶大家探讨了近年學者有關于“零部件供應商選擇/決策”為主題文章中的綜合決策方法，發現近些年多數學者以TOPSIS、猶豫模糊、後悔理論等大方向進行多方法綜合決策，本期小編帶大家一起探讨以TOPSIS方法為主的多屬性決策研究程序。以知網為管道，以“TOPSIS”“多屬性決策”為主題進行近三年核心級别以上文章搜尋。
In the previous issue, the editor discussed the comprehensive decision-making methods used by scholars in recent years on the topic of "component supplier selection/decision-making". It was found that in recent years, many mathematicians have used TOPSIS, hesitant fuzziness, regret theory, and other general directions for multi method comprehensive decision-making. In this issue, the editor takes you to explore the research process of multi-attribute decision-making, mainly using TOPSIS method. Using CNKI as a channel, conduct core level and above article searches in the past three years under the themes of "TOPSIS" and "multi-attribute decision-making".
李慧針對語言的非平衡性、資訊的不确定性以及決策者的風險偏好和損失厭惡心理等特點，提出了一種基于非平衡語言的擴充序數偏好排序法并将其應用于醫療決策領域。
作者該方法主要針對的是在TOPSIS方法基礎上，增加前景理論可以良好地表達決策者的心理行為特征。并且考慮傳統的語言變量難以滿足現實決策過程中表達決策資訊的需要和非平衡語言具有簡潔真實的特點，貼近決策者的思維方式，貼近現實生活中的表達方式，有着廣泛的應用前景。
Li Hui proposed an extended ordinal preference ranking method based on imbalanced language to address the characteristics of language imbalance, information uncertainty, and decision-makers' risk preferences and loss aversion, and applied it to the field of medical decision-making.
The author's method mainly focuses on adding prospect theory to the TOPSIS method, which can effectively express the psychological and behavioral characteristics of decision-makers. And considering that traditional language variables are difficult to meet the needs of expressing decision information in the real decision-making process, and non-equilibrium language has the characteristics of simplicity and authenticity, which is close to the thinking mode of decision-makers and the expression mode in real life, it has a wide range of application prospects.
魯浩男等建構了混合名額條件下基于熵權GRA-TOPSIS的采棉機選型模型。應用于采棉機選型評價名額體系，利用多屬性決策和熵權相結合的方法，計算各機型評價名額權重，結合GRA法和TOPSIS法，從資料曲線相似性和位置關系二維空間上反映備選機型與理想機型的貼近度，并對采棉機各機型進行綜合排序，為采棉機選型提供了一種新的方法。
作者該方法主要針對的是現有學者所采用的選型方法沒有同時考慮名額間難以共度性及多屬性決策中單方法應用不足問題，進而建構該模型來提高采棉機選型評價的準确性和科學性。
Lu Haonan et al. constructed a cotton picking machine selection model based on entropy weight GRA-TOPSIS under mixed index conditions. Applied to the evaluation index system for cotton picker selection, a method combining multi-attribute decision-making and entropy weight is used to calculate the weights of evaluation indicators for each model. The GRA and TOPSIS methods are combined to reflect the closeness between the candidate model and the ideal model in the two-dimensional space of data curve similarity and positional relationship. The various models of cotton pickers are comprehensively ranked, providing a new method for cotton picker selection.
The author's method mainly targets the existing selection methods adopted by scholars, which do not simultaneously consider the difficulty of commonality between indicators and the insufficient application of single methods in multi-attribute decision-making. Therefore, this model is constructed to improve the accuracy and scientificity of cotton picking machine selection evaluation.
王化龍等将熵權與TOPSIS法相結合對傳統TOPSIS法進行改進，進而建構水利水電工程壩型方案比選的熵權－TOPSIS多屬性決策模型，并采用變異系數法檢驗決策資料離散性，通過分别計算混凝土面闆堆石壩方案、瀝青混凝土心牆壩方案以及碾壓混凝土重力壩方案的權重貼近度，最終推薦混凝土面闆堆石壩為上水庫壩型方案。
作者該方法主要針對的是傳統TOPSIS法中，在計算待評價單元與正負理想解間的歐式距離時往往預設各名額的權重均相等，然而對于任何一個決策系統來說，各決策屬性對決策目标的影響一定是不相同的。同時，工程技術人員的經驗與認知對決策結果的直接影響效果，決策資料的一緻性分析對確定評價結論的可信性具有至關重要的作用。
Wang Hualong et al. improved the traditional TOPSIS method by combining entropy weight and TOPSIS method, and constructed an entropy weight TOPSIS multi-attribute decision-making model for the selection of dam type schemes in water conservancy and hydropower engineering. They used the coefficient of variation method to test the discreteness of decision data, and calculated the weighted closeness of concrete face rockfill dam scheme, asphalt concrete core wall dam scheme, and roller compacted concrete gravity dam scheme separately. Finally, they recommended the concrete face rockfill dam as the upper reservoir dam type scheme.
The author's method mainly targets the traditional TOPSIS method, which often assumes that the weights of each indicator are equal when calculating the Euclidean distance between the unit to be evaluated and the positive and negative ideal solutions. However, for any decision system, the impact of each decision attribute on the decision objective is always different. At the same time, the experience and cognition of engineering and technical personnel have a direct impact on the decision-making results, and the consistency analysis of decision-making data plays a crucial role in ensuring the credibility of evaluation conclusions.
綜合上述，研究針對TOPSIS方法的單一漏洞學者進行了多方向的拓展，目前主要集中在研究背景上的創新，例如增加模糊背景、考慮決策者心裡因素等方面。
Based on the above, scholars have conducted multi-directional extensions to address the single vulnerability of the TOPSIS method. Currently, the focus is mainly on innovation in the research background, such as adding fuzzy backgrounds and considering the psychological factors of decision-makers.
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參考資料：百度百科、百度翻譯
參考文獻：
[1] 李慧. 基于非平衡語言擴充TOPSIS的醫生推薦方法 [J]. 模糊系統與數學, 2023, 37 (04): 81-91.
[2] 魯浩男,趙永滿,闵玉,等. 混合名額條件下基于熵權GRA-TOPSIS的采棉機選型研究 [J]. 中國農機化學報, 2022, 43 (07): 222-229.
[3] 王化龍,鐘姗姗. 基于熵權-TOPSIS的水利水電工程壩型比選多屬性決策 [J]. 人民黃河, 2021, 43 (S1): 119-121+124.