一、基础介绍
1.Hibernate是Java中比较流行的ORM框架,他在.NET中有一个对应的版本叫NHibernate,在EF出来之前NHibernate是.NET中常用的ORM框架;
二、配置NHibernate
1.配置环境:NHibernate版本为3.3.3.4001,VS2012,SqlServer2012; 2.项目整体结构如下图:
其中DB为数据访问层,Entitys为实体,Mappings为实体对应的配置。 3.我们可以使用VS2012自带的NuGet程序包管理器来下载和安装NHibernate,打开该工具包之后输入NHibernate搜索,找到之后点击安装即可,他会为当前项目自动安装并将所需的dll引入到项目中,同时会在项目下面生产一个packages文件夹用于存放所需的dll等文件。当然我们也可以自己去官网下载,手动引入,建议还是使用这个工具比较方便;
4.添加实体对象:实体和数据库中的表是对应的
namespace NHibernateTest.Entitys
{
/// <summary>
/// 用户登录日志
/// </summary>
public class PM_LoginLog
{
#region Properties
/// <summary>
/// 获取或设置登录用户ID
/// </summary>
public virtual string UserID
{
get;
set;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取或设置登录用户名
/// </summary>
public virtual string UserName
{
get;
set;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取或设置登录用户密码
/// </summary>
public virtual string PassWord
{
get;
set;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取或设置登录时间
/// </summary>
public virtual DateTime LoginDT
{
get;
set;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取或设置退出时间
/// </summary>
public virtual DateTime LogoutDT
{
get;
set;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取或设置是否记住密码 0=未记住密码 1=已记住密码
/// </summary>
public virtual byte RememberPassWord
{
get;
set;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取或设置是否删除 0=未删除 1=已删除
/// </summary>
public virtual byte IsDelete
{
get;
set;
}
/// <summary>
/// 是否正常退出 0=未正常退出 1=已正常退出
/// </summary>
public virtual byte IsNormalExit
{
get;
set;
}
#endregion
}
}
namespace NHibernateTest.Entitys
{
/// <summary>
/// 用户信息实体类
/// </summary>
public class PM_Users
{
#region Properties
/// <summary>
/// 获取或设置用户ID
/// </summary>
public virtual string UserID
{
get;
set;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取或设置用户姓名
/// </summary>
public virtual string UserName
{
get;
set;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取或设置用户密码
/// </summary>
public virtual string PassWord
{
get;
set;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取或设置用户角色,0=普通角色 1=管理员角色
/// </summary>
public virtual byte Roles
{
get;
set;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取或设置传真
/// </summary>
public virtual string Fax
{
get;
set;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取或设置电话号码
/// </summary>
public virtual string TelPhone
{
get;
set;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取或设置地址
/// </summary>
public virtual string Address
{
get;
set;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取或设置邮箱地址
/// </summary>
public virtual string MailAddress
{
get;
set;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取或设置创建用户ID
/// </summary>
public virtual string CreateUserID
{
get;
set;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取或设置创建时间
/// </summary>
public virtual DateTime CreateDT
{
get;
set;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取或设置最后修改用户ID
/// </summary>
public virtual string LastUserID
{
get;
set;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取或设置最后修改时间
/// </summary>
public virtual DateTime LastChangeDT
{
get;
set;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取或设置序号
/// </summary>
public virtual int ListOrder
{
get;
set;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取或设置是否删除,0=未删除 1=已删除
/// </summary>
public virtual byte IsDelete
{
get;
set;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取或设置性别, 0=男 1=女
/// </summary>
public virtual byte Sex
{
get;
set;
}
/// <summary>
/// 是否已登录, 0=未登录 1=已登录
/// </summary>
public virtual byte IsLogin
{
get;
set;
}
#endregion
}
}
这个地方需要注意:实体属性必须加 virtual关键字 5.为实体配置xml文件:该配置文件必须以“.hbm.xml”为后缀名,如:实体PM_LoginLog的配置文件名为“PM_LoginLog.hbm.xml”,配置如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<hibernate-mapping xmlns="urn:nhibernate-mapping-2.2" assembly="NHibernateTest" namespace="NHibernateTest.Entitys">
<!--PM_LoginLog实体配置-->
<class name="NHibernateTest.Entitys.PM_LoginLog,NHibernateTest" table="PM_LoginLog">
<id name="UserID" column="UserID" type="string" unsaved-value="0">
<generator class="increment"/>
</id>
<property name="UserName" column="UserName" type="string" />
<property name="PassWord" column="PassWord" type="string" />
<property name="LoginDT" column="LoginDT" type="DateTime" />
<property name="LogoutDT" column="LogoutDT" type="DateTime" />
<property name="RememberPassWord" column="RememberPassWord" type="byte" />
<property name="IsDelete" column="IsDelete" type="byte" />
<property name="IsNormalExit" column="IsNormalExit" type="byte" />
</class>
<!--PM_Users实体配置,如果已经指定了assembly和namespace,class的name属性中就不用再指定了-->
<class name="PM_Users" table="PM_Users">
<id name="UserID" column="UserID" type="string" unsaved-value="0">
<generator class="increment"/>
</id>
<property name="UserName" column="UserName" type="string" />
<property name="PassWord" column="PassWord" type="string" />
<property name="Roles" column="Roles" type="byte" />
<property name="Fax" column="Fax" type="string" />
<property name="TelPhone" column="TelPhone" type="string" />
<property name="Address" column="Address" type="string" />
<property name="MailAddress" column="MailAddress" type="string" />
<property name="CreateUserID" column="Address" type="string" />
<property name="CreateDT" column="CreateDT" type="DateTime" />
<property name="LastUserID" column="LastUserID" type="string" />
<property name="LastChangeDT" column="LastChangeDT" type="DateTime" />
<property name="ListOrder" column="ListOrder" type="int" />
<property name="IsDelete" column="IsDelete" type="byte" />
<property name="Sex" column="Sex" type="byte" />
<property name="IsLogin" column="IsLogin" type="byte" />
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
此处需要注意:必须将该文件属性中的“生产操作”栏由“内容”改为“嵌入的资源”,因为NHibernate是通过查找程序集中的资源文件映射实体
6.配置数据库,可以再应用程序配置文件里面,也可以单独在文件里面配置 (1)在应用程序配置文件(App.config)里面配置,配置如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
<configSections>
<section name="hibernate-configuration" type="NHibernate.Cfg.ConfigurationSectionHandler,NHibernate"/>
</configSections>
<hibernate-configuration xmlns="urn:nhibernate-configuration-2.2">
<session-factory>
<property name="dialect">NHibernate.Dialect.MsSql2012Dialect</property>
<property name="connection.provider">NHibernate.Connection.DriverConnectionProvider</property>
<property name="connection.driver_class">NHibernate.Driver.SqlClientDriver</property>
<property name="connection.connection_string">
Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=PM_Database;Persist Security Info=True;User ID=sa;pwd=221580
</property>
<property name="proxyfactory.factory_class">NHibernate.Bytecode.DefaultProxyFactoryFactory,NHibernate</property>
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<property name="command_timeout">10</property>
<property name="adonet.batch_size">10</property>
<property name="query.substitutions">true 1, false 0, yes 'Y', no 'N'</property>
<mapping assembly="NHibernateTest"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
</configuration>
(2)在单独的文件里面配置, 文件名为:hibernate.cfg.xml,需要将该文件属性中“复制到输出目录”项由“不复制”改为“始终复制”。如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<hibernate-configuration xmlns="urn:nhibernate-configuration-2.2">
<session-factory>
<property name="dialect">NHibernate.Dialect.MsSql2012Dialect</property>
<property name="connection.provider">NHibernate.Connection.DriverConnectionProvider</property>
<property name="connection.driver_class">NHibernate.Driver.SqlClientDriver</property>
<property name="connection.connection_string">
Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=PM_Database;Persist Security Info=True;User ID=sa;pwd=221580
</property>
<property name="proxyfactory.factory_class">NHibernate.Bytecode.DefaultProxyFactoryFactory,NHibernate</property>
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<property name="command_timeout">10</property>
<property name="adonet.batch_size">10</property>
<property name="query.substitutions">true 1, false 0, yes 'Y', no 'N'</property>
<mapping assembly="NHibernateTest"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
7.DB中的NHibernateHelper类
namespace NHibernateTest.DB
{
public class NHibernateHelper
{
#region Properties
/// <summary>
/// 获取Session会话
/// </summary>
public static ISession GetSession
{
get
{
return GetSessionFactory().OpenSession();
}
}
#endregion
#region Private Methods
/// <summary>
/// 获取Session工厂
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
private static ISessionFactory GetSessionFactory()
{
return (new Configuration()).Configure().BuildSessionFactory();
}
#endregion
}
}
8.DB中的PM_LoginLogDao
namespace NHibernateTest.DB
{
public class PM_LoginLogDao
{
#region Fields
private ISession _session = null;
#endregion
#region Constructors
/// <summary>
/// 初始化类PM_LoginLogDao的新实例
/// </summary>
public PM_LoginLogDao()
{
this._session = NHibernateHelper.GetSession;
}
#endregion
#region Public Methods
/// <summary>
/// 添加一条日志记录
/// </summary>
/// <param name="loginLog"></param>
public void Save(PM_LoginLog loginLog)
{
this._session.Save(loginLog);
this._session.Flush();
}
/// <summary>
/// 根据登录用户ID获取登录日志
/// </summary>
/// <param name="userID"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public PM_LoginLog GetLoginLog(string userID)
{
return this._session.Get<PM_LoginLog>(userID);
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取所有登录日志
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public IList<PM_LoginLog> GetAllLoginLog()
{
IList<PM_LoginLog> pList = null;
pList = this._session.QueryOver<PM_LoginLog>().List();
return pList;
}
#endregion
}
}
9. DB中的 PM_UsersDao
namespace NHibernateTest.DB
{
public class PM_UsersDao
{
#region Fields
private ISession _session = null;
#endregion
#region Constructors
/// <summary>
/// 初始化类PM_LoginLogDao的新实例
/// </summary>
public PM_UsersDao()
{
this._session = NHibernateHelper.GetSession;
}
#endregion
#region Public Methods
/// <summary>
/// 添加一条登录用户
/// </summary>
/// <param name="loginLog"></param>
public void Save(PM_Users user)
{
this._session.Save(user);
this._session.Flush();
}
/// <summary>
/// 根据登录用户ID获取登录用户
/// </summary>
/// <param name="userID"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public PM_Users GetUser(string userID)
{
return this._session.Get<PM_Users>(userID);
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取所有用户
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public IList<PM_Users> GetAllUser()
{
IList<PM_Users> pList = null;
pList = this._session.QueryOver<PM_Users>().List();
return pList;
}
#endregion
}
}
10.调用
namespace NHibernateTest
{
public class Program
{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
PM_LoginLogDao pLoginLogDao = new PM_LoginLogDao();
var pLoginList = pLoginLogDao.GetAllLoginLog();
var pLogin = pLoginLogDao.GetLoginLog("katrina");
PM_UsersDao pUserDao = new PM_UsersDao();
var pUserList = pUserDao.GetAllUser();
var pUsr = pUserDao.GetUser("katrina");
}
}
}