linux系统 dd命令做U盘启动盘
U盘启动盘制作
1 准备iso系统镜像
系统官网下载您需要的iso文件
2 插入U盘
cat /proc/partitions
查看设备
插入U盘
cat /proc/partitions
查看新的设备名称
fdisk -l
查看硬盘信息
3 查看挂载
df -H
如果设备名称 说明自动挂载了,需要卸载
sudo umount <设备路径:/dev/sdx>
4 格式化U盘(非必须,但是我还是格式化了)
mkfs -t vfat <设备路径:/dev/sdx>
格式化失败(未解决)
sudo fdisk -l 查看u盘
mkfs.vfat /dev/sdb 你的u盘
若遇到mkfs.vfat: Device partition expected, not making filesystem on entire device ‘/dev/sdb’ (use -I to override
执行 sudo mkfs.vfat -I /dev/sdb
重新查拔U盘,问题解决
删除分区(解决)
#fdisk /dev/sda (注意sda后不要加数字)
command(m for help): m 输入m后,就会看到很多命令
command(m for help): p 输出当前磁盘的状态
command(m for help): q 想要不存储离开吗?按下q,请不要随便按w
新增分区:#fdisk /dev/sda
command(m for help): n 此时系统会提示新增P(主分区)还是E(扩展分区),系统一般是(4个P)+E,而且E分区号必须从5开始
p 这里自行决定是P还是E
Partition number(1-4):3 编号可以随意
First cylinder: 这里按下ENTER就行了
Last cylinder or …: +100M
再输入P的时候就能看到新增的分区了
删除分区:
#fdisk /dev/sda
command(m for help): d
选择分区号
记住q—不存储离开 w—存储离开
附上容易混淆的两个命令: df(disk free)—显示磁盘的文件系统与使用情形
du(disk usage)—显示指定的目录或文件所占用的磁盘空间
笔者期间显示忙,换了一个读卡器,问题解决
5 dd命令开始制作启动盘
sudo dd if=<镜像路径:/path/xxx.iso> of=<设备路径/dev/sdx> bs=1M
注:注意替换自己的镜像地址,注意替换自己的u盘,以及bs参数可调整。
dd --help
# dd --help
Usage: dd [OPERAND]...
or: dd OPTION
Copy a file, converting and formatting according to the operands.
bs=BYTES read and write up to BYTES bytes at a time
cbs=BYTES convert BYTES bytes at a time
conv=CONVS convert the file as per the comma separated symbol list
count=N copy only N input blocks
ibs=BYTES read up to BYTES bytes at a time (default: 512)
if=FILE read from FILE instead of stdin
iflag=FLAGS read as per the comma separated symbol list
obs=BYTES write BYTES bytes at a time (default: 512)
of=FILE write to FILE instead of stdout
oflag=FLAGS write as per the comma separated symbol list
seek=N skip N obs-sized blocks at start of output
skip=N skip N ibs-sized blocks at start of input
status=LEVEL The LEVEL of information to print to stderr;
'none' suppresses everything but error messages,
'noxfer' suppresses the final transfer statistics,
'progress' shows periodic transfer statistics
N and BYTES may be followed by the following multiplicative suffixes:
c =1, w =2, b =512, kB =1000, K =1024, MB =1000*1000, M =1024*1024, xM =M
GB =1000*1000*1000, G =1024*1024*1024, and so on for T, P, E, Z, Y.
Each CONV symbol may be:
ascii from EBCDIC to ASCII
ebcdic from ASCII to EBCDIC
ibm from ASCII to alternate EBCDIC
block pad newline-terminated records with spaces to cbs-size
unblock replace trailing spaces in cbs-size records with newline
lcase change upper case to lower case
ucase change lower case to upper case
sparse try to seek rather than write the output for NUL input blocks
swab swap every pair of input bytes
sync pad every input block with NULs to ibs-size; when used
with block or unblock, pad with spaces rather than NULs
excl fail if the output file already exists
nocreat do not create the output file
notrunc do not truncate the output file
noerror continue after read errors
fdatasync physically write output file data before finishing
fsync likewise, but also write metadata
Each FLAG symbol may be:
append append mode (makes sense only for output; conv=notrunc suggested)
direct use direct I/O for data
directory fail unless a directory
dsync use synchronized I/O for data
sync likewise, but also for metadata
fullblock accumulate full blocks of input (iflag only)
nonblock use non-blocking I/O
noatime do not update access time
nocache Request to drop cache. See also oflag=sync
noctty do not assign controlling terminal from file
nofollow do not follow symlinks
count_bytes treat 'count=N' as a byte count (iflag only)
skip_bytes treat 'skip=N' as a byte count (iflag only)
seek_bytes treat 'seek=N' as a byte count (oflag only)
Sending a USR1 signal to a running 'dd' process makes it
print I/O statistics to standard error and then resume copying.
Options are:
--help display this help and exit
--version output version information and exit
GNU coreutils online help: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
Full documentation at: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/dd>
or available locally via: info '(coreutils) dd invocation'
6 测试
设置从U盘启动,进入安装界面,没有问题