天天看点

HTTP协议的详解

?????板??锛?http://blog.csdn.net/tianmohust/article/details/6779830

寮?瑷?????????????????????????????????????????

HTTP??涓?涓?灞?浜?搴??ㄥ????㈠??瀵硅薄????璁?锛??变??剁???枫??蹇??????瑰?锛????ㄤ???甯?寮?瓒?濯?浣?淇℃??绯荤???瀹?浜?1990骞存???猴?缁?杩???骞寸??浣跨?ㄤ???灞?锛?寰??颁????板???????╁?????????WW涓?浣跨?ㄧ????HTTP/1.0??绗?????锛?HTTP/1.1??瑙?????宸ヤ?姝e?ㄨ?琛?涔?涓?锛???涓?HTTP-NG(Next Generation of HTTP)??寤鸿??宸茬????恒??

HTTP??璁???涓昏??圭?瑰??姒???濡?涓?锛?

1.????瀹㈡?????″?ㄦā寮???

2.绠???蹇???锛?瀹㈡?峰?????″?ㄨ?锋????℃?讹?????浼???璇锋??规???璺?寰???璇锋??规?甯哥?ㄧ????GET??HEAD??POST??姣?绉??规?瑙?瀹?浜?瀹㈡?蜂????″?ㄨ??绯荤??绫诲??涓??????变?HTTP??璁?绠???锛?浣垮?HTTP???″?ㄧ??绋?搴?瑙?妯″?锛???????淇¢??搴??蹇???

3.?垫椿锛?HTTP??璁镐?杈?浠绘??绫诲?????版??瀵硅薄??姝e?ㄤ?杈???绫诲????ontent-Type??浠ユ??璁般??

4.??杩??ワ???杩??ョ????涔??????舵??娆¤??ュ??澶???涓?涓?璇锋??????″?ㄥ???瀹?瀹㈡?风??璇锋?锛?骞舵?跺?板?㈡?风??搴?绛???锛??虫??寮?杩??ャ?????ㄨ?绉??瑰???浠ヨ????浼?杈??堕?淬??

5.???舵??锛?HTTP??璁??????舵????璁??????舵????????璁?瀵逛?浜??″???娌℃??璁板??藉????缂哄??舵?????崇??濡?????缁?澶?????瑕????㈢??淇℃??锛???瀹?蹇?椤婚??浼?锛?杩??峰???藉?艰?存??娆¤??ヤ??????版????澧?澶с??????归????ㄦ???″?ㄤ???瑕?????淇℃???跺????搴?绛?灏辫?蹇????

涓???HTTP??璁?璇?В涔?URL绡?

??? http锛?瓒?????浼?杈???璁?锛???涓?涓??轰?璇锋?涓???搴?妯″????????舵??????搴??ㄥ?????璁?锛?甯稿?轰?TCP??杩??ユ?瑰?锛?HTTP1.1????涓?缁??轰?绉???缁?杩??ョ???哄?讹?缁?澶у??扮??Web寮???锛??芥????寤哄??TTP??璁?涔?涓???Web搴??ㄣ??

HTTP URL (URL??涓?绉??规??绫诲????URI锛?????浜??ㄤ??ユ?炬??涓?璧?婧???瓒冲???淇℃??)???煎?濡?涓?锛?

http://host[":"port][abs_path]

http琛ㄧず瑕???杩?HTTP??璁??ュ??浣?缃?缁?璧?婧?锛?host琛ㄧず??娉???Internet涓绘?哄????????IP?板??锛?port??瀹?涓?涓?绔??e?凤?涓虹┖??浣跨?ㄧ己??绔???0锛?abs_path??瀹?璇锋?璧?婧???URI锛?濡???URL涓?娌℃??缁???bs_path锛??d?褰?瀹?浣?涓鸿?锋?URI?讹?蹇?椤讳互??/????褰㈠?缁??猴???甯歌?涓?宸ヤ?娴?瑙??ㄨ???ㄥ府??浠?瀹?????

eg:

1??杈??ワ?www.guet.edu.cn

娴?瑙??ㄨ???ㄨ浆?㈡??锛?http://www.guet.edu.cn/

2??http:192.168.0.116:8080/index.jsp??

浜???HTTP??璁?璇?В涔?璇锋?绡?

??? http璇锋??变??ㄥ??缁???锛???????锛?璇锋?琛???娑????ュご??璇锋?姝f??

1??璇锋?琛?浠ヤ?涓??规?绗??峰?澶达?浠ョ┖?煎??寮?锛????㈣???璇锋???URI????璁???????锛??煎?濡?涓?锛?Method Request-URI HTTP-Version CRLF??

?朵腑 Method琛ㄧず璇锋??规?锛?Request-URI??涓?涓?缁?涓?璧?婧???璇?绗??HTTP-Version琛ㄧず璇锋???HTTP??璁?????锛?CRLF琛ㄧず??杞????㈣?锛??や?浣?涓虹?灏剧??CRLF澶?锛?涓???璁稿?虹?板??????CR??LF瀛?绗????

璇锋??规?锛??????规??ㄤ负澶у??锛???澶?绉?锛???涓??规???瑙i??濡?涓?锛?

GET???? 璇锋??峰??Request-URI????璇???璧?婧?

POST??? ??equest-URI????璇???璧?婧????????扮???版??

HEAD??? 璇锋??峰????equest-URI????璇???璧?婧?????搴?娑????ュご

PUT???? 璇锋????″?ㄥ???ㄤ?涓?璧?婧?锛?骞剁??equest-URI浣?涓哄?舵??璇?

DELETE? 璇锋????″?ㄥ????equest-URI????璇???璧?婧?

TRACE?? 璇锋????″?ㄥ?????跺?扮??璇锋?淇℃??锛?涓昏??ㄤ?娴?璇???璇???

CONNECT 淇???灏??ヤ娇?? OPTIONS 璇锋??ヨ?㈡???″?ㄧ???ц?斤??????ヨ???璧?婧??稿?崇????椤瑰????姹?

搴??ㄤ妇渚?锛?

GET?规?锛??ㄦ?瑙??ㄧ???板????涓?杈??ョ??????瑰?璁块??缃?椤垫?讹?娴?瑙??ㄩ????ET?规??????″?ㄨ?峰??璧?婧?锛?eg:GET /form.html HTTP/1.1 (CRLF)

POST?规?瑕?姹?琚?璇锋????″?ㄦ?ュ?????ㄨ?锋????㈢???版??锛?甯哥?ㄤ???浜よ〃????

eg锛?POST /reg.jsp HTTP/ (CRLF)

Accept:image/gif,image/x-xbit,... (CRLF)

...

HOST:www.guet.edu.cn (CRLF)

Content-Length:22 (CRLF)

Connection:Keep-Alive (CRLF)

Cache-Control:no-cache (CRLF)

(CRLF)???????? //璇?RLF琛ㄧず娑????ュご宸茬?缁???锛??ㄦ?や???涓烘????ュご

user=jeffrey&pwd=1234? //姝よ?浠ヤ?涓烘??浜ょ???版??

HEAD?规?涓?GET?规???涔???涓??风??锛?瀵逛?HEAD璇锋?????搴??ㄥ???ヨ?达?瀹???HTTP澶撮?ㄤ腑??????淇℃??涓???杩?GET璇锋???寰??扮??淇℃?????稿???????╃?ㄨ?涓??规?锛?涓?蹇?浼?杈??翠釜璧?婧???瀹癸?灏卞??浠ュ???equest-URI????璇???璧?婧???淇℃????璇ユ?规?甯哥?ㄤ?娴?璇?瓒??炬?ョ???????э???????浠ヨ?块??锛?浠ュ????杩??????存?般??

2??璇锋??ュご??杩? 3??璇锋?姝f??(????

涓???HTTP??璁?璇?В涔???搴?绡?

??? ?ㄦ?ユ?跺??瑙i??璇锋?娑?????锛????″?ㄨ???涓?涓?HTTP??搴?娑?????

HTTP??搴?涔????变?涓??ㄥ??缁???锛???????锛??舵??琛???娑????ュご????搴?姝f??

1???舵??琛??煎?濡?涓?锛?

HTTP-Version Status-Code Reason-Phrase CRLF

?朵腑锛?HTTP-Version琛ㄧず???″??TTP??璁???????锛?Status-Code琛ㄧず???″?ㄥ????????搴??舵??浠g??锛?Reason-Phrase琛ㄧず?舵??浠g??????????杩般??

?舵??浠g????涓?浣??板??缁???锛?绗?涓?涓??板??瀹?涔?浜???搴???绫诲??锛?涓???浜?绉????藉???硷?

1xx锛???绀轰俊??--琛ㄧず璇锋?宸叉?ユ?讹?缁х画澶???

2xx锛?????--琛ㄧず璇锋?宸茶??????ユ?躲????瑙c???ュ??

3xx锛???瀹???--瑕?瀹???璇锋?蹇?椤昏?琛??磋?涓?姝ョ????浣?

4xx锛?瀹㈡?风????璇?--璇锋???璇?娉???璇???璇锋???娉?瀹??? 5xx锛????″?ㄧ????璇?--???″?ㄦ???藉???板??娉???璇锋?

甯歌??舵??浠g?????舵????杩般??璇存??锛?

200 OK????? //瀹㈡?风??璇锋?????

400 Bad Request? //瀹㈡?风??璇锋???璇?娉???璇?锛?涓??借????″?ㄦ????瑙? 401 Unauthorized //璇锋???缁?????锛?杩?涓??舵??浠g??蹇?椤诲??WWW-Authenticate?ュご??涓?璧蜂娇???

403 Forbidden? //???″?ㄦ?跺?拌?锋?锛?浣?????缁???渚????? 404 Not Found? //璇锋?璧?婧?涓?瀛????eg锛?杈??ヤ???璇???URL

500 Internal Server Error //???″?ㄥ????涓???棰???????璇?

503 Server Unavailable? //???″?ㄥ???涓??藉???瀹㈡?风????璇锋?锛?涓?娈垫?堕?村?????芥?㈠?姝e父

eg锛?HTTP/1.1 200 OK 锛?CRLF锛?

2????搴??ュご??杩?

3????搴?姝f??灏辨?????″?ㄨ?????璧?婧?????瀹孤?

????HTTP??璁?璇?В涔?娑????ュご绡?

??? HTTP娑????卞?㈡?风???版???″?ㄧ??璇锋??????″?ㄥ?板?㈡?风??????搴?缁?????璇锋?娑???????搴?娑????芥???卞?濮?琛?锛?瀵逛?璇锋?娑???锛?寮?濮?琛?灏辨??璇锋?琛?锛?瀵逛???搴?娑???锛?寮?濮?琛?灏辨???舵??琛?锛?锛?娑????ュご锛?????锛?锛?绌鸿?锛?????CRLF??琛?锛?锛?娑???姝f??锛?????锛?缁?????

HTTP娑????ュご?????????ュご??璇锋??ュご????搴??ュご??瀹?浣??ュご??

姣?涓?涓??ュご???芥???卞??瀛?+??锛???+绌烘????缁???锛?娑????ュご??????瀛???澶у??????崇????

1???????ュご

?ㄦ?????ュご涓?锛???灏??版?ュご???ㄤ???????璇锋?????搴?娑???锛?浣?骞朵??ㄤ?琚?浼?杈???瀹?浣?锛????ㄤ?浼?杈???娑?????

eg锛?

Cache-Control?? ?ㄤ???瀹?缂?瀛???浠わ?缂?瀛???浠ゆ????????锛???搴?涓??虹?扮??缂?瀛???浠ゅ?ㄨ?锋?涓???蹇?浼??虹?帮?锛?涓?????绔???锛?涓?涓?娑?????缂?瀛???浠や?浼?褰卞?????涓?娑???澶?????缂?瀛??哄?讹?锛?HTTP1.0浣跨?ㄧ??绫讳技???ュご??涓?ragma??

璇锋??剁??缂?瀛???浠ゅ????锛?no-cache锛??ㄤ???绀鸿?锋?????搴?娑???涓??界?瀛?锛???no-store??max-age??max-stale??min-fresh??only-if-cached;

??搴??剁??缂?瀛???浠ゅ????锛?public??private??no-cache??no-store??no-transform??must-revalidate??proxy-revalidate??max-age??s-maxage.

eg锛?涓轰???绀?E娴?瑙????瀹㈡?风??锛?涓?瑕?缂?瀛?椤甸??????″?ㄧ????JSP绋?搴???浠ョ???濡?涓?锛?response.sehHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache");

//response.setHeader("Pragma","no-cache");浣??ㄧ?稿?浜?涓?杩颁唬??锛???甯镐袱??//???? 杩??ヤ唬??灏??ㄥ????????搴?娑???涓?璁剧疆?????ュご??锛?Cache-Control:no-cache

Date?????ュご??琛ㄧず娑???浜х?????ユ?????堕??

Connection?????ュご????璁稿??????瀹?杩??ョ????椤广??渚?濡???瀹?杩??ユ??杩?缁?锛???????瀹???close????椤癸????ユ???″????ㄥ??搴?瀹?????锛??抽??杩???

2??璇锋??ュご

璇锋??ュご??璁稿?㈡?风???????″?ㄧ??浼???璇锋???????淇℃??浠ュ??瀹㈡?风????韬???淇℃????

甯哥?ㄧ??璇锋??ュご

Accept

Accept璇锋??ュご???ㄤ???瀹?瀹㈡?风???ュ????浜?绫诲????淇℃????eg锛?Accept锛?image/gif锛?琛ㄦ??瀹㈡?风??甯????ュ??GIF?捐薄?煎???璧?婧?锛?Accept锛?text/html锛?琛ㄦ??瀹㈡?风??甯????ュ??html??????

Accept-Charset

Accept-Charset璇锋??ュご???ㄤ???瀹?瀹㈡?风???ュ????瀛?绗?????eg锛?Accept-Charset:iso-8859-1,gb2312.濡????ㄨ?锋?娑???涓?娌℃??璁剧疆杩?涓???锛?缂虹????浠讳?瀛?绗????藉??浠ユ?ュ????

Accept-Encoding

Accept-Encoding璇锋??ュご??绫讳技浜?Accept锛?浣???瀹????ㄤ???瀹????ュ??????瀹圭?????eg锛?Accept-Encoding:gzip.deflate.濡???璇锋?娑???涓?娌℃??璁剧疆杩?涓??????″?ㄥ??瀹?瀹㈡?风??瀵瑰??绉???瀹圭????藉??浠ユ?ュ????

Accept-Language

Accept-Language璇锋??ュご??绫讳技浜?Accept锛?浣???瀹????ㄤ???瀹?涓?绉????惰??瑷???eg锛?Accept-Language:zh-cn.濡???璇锋?娑???涓?娌℃??璁剧疆杩?涓??ュご??锛????″?ㄥ??瀹?瀹㈡?风??瀵瑰??绉?璇?瑷??藉??浠ユ?ュ????

Authorization

Authorization璇锋??ュご??涓昏??ㄤ?璇???瀹㈡?风???????ョ????涓?璧?婧???褰?娴?瑙??ㄨ?块??涓?涓?椤甸?㈡?讹?濡????跺?版???″?ㄧ????搴?浠g??涓?01锛???????锛?锛???浠ュ????涓?涓?????Authorization璇锋??ュご????璇锋?锛?瑕?姹????″?ㄥ?瑰?惰?琛?楠?璇???

Host锛?????璇锋??讹?璇ユ?ュご????蹇?????锛?

Host璇锋??ュご??涓昏??ㄤ???瀹?琚?璇锋?璧?婧???Internet涓绘?哄??绔??e?凤?瀹???甯镐?HTTP URL涓??????烘?ョ??锛?eg锛?

??浠??ㄦ?瑙??ㄤ腑杈??ワ?http://www.guet.edu.cn/index.html

娴?瑙??ㄥ??????璇锋?娑???涓?锛?灏变?????Host璇锋??ュご??锛?濡?涓?锛?

Host锛?www.guet.edu.cn

姝ゅ?浣跨?ㄧ己??绔??e??0锛??ユ??瀹?浜?绔??e?凤???????锛?Host锛?www.guet.edu.cn:??瀹?绔??e?? User-Agent

??浠?涓?缃??婚??璁哄?????跺??锛?寰?寰?浼????颁?浜?娆㈣?淇℃??锛??朵腑???轰?浣?????浣?绯荤?????绉板??????锛?浣???浣跨?ㄧ??娴?瑙??ㄧ????绉板??????锛?杩?寰?寰?璁╁?澶?浜烘???板?绁?濂?锛?瀹???涓?锛????″?ㄥ??ㄧ?搴?灏辨??浠?User-Agent杩?涓?璇锋??ュご??涓??峰???拌?浜?淇℃????User-Agent璇锋??ュご????璁稿?㈡?风??灏?瀹?????浣?绯荤???娴?瑙??ㄥ???跺??灞??у??璇????″?ㄣ??涓?杩?锛?杩?涓??ュご??涓???蹇?????锛?濡?????浠???宸辩???涓?涓?娴?瑙????涓?浣跨??ser-Agent璇锋??ュご??锛??d????″?ㄧ??灏辨??娉?寰??ユ??浠???淇℃??浜???

璇锋??ュご涓句?锛?

GET /form.html HTTP/1.1 (CRLF)

Accept:image/gif,image/x-xbitmap,image/jpeg,application/x-shockwave-flash,application/vnd.ms-excel,application/vnd.ms-powerpoint,application/msword,*

??? open?www.guet.edu.cn?80?

???

??? GET /index.asp HTTP/1.0? //璇锋?璧?婧?????瀹? ??? Host:www.guet.edu.cn??

2.2 open?www.sina.com.cn?80? //?ㄥ?戒护??绀虹???蜂??存?ヨ???elnet?www.sina.com.cn?80

??? HEAD /index.asp HTTP/1.0

??? Host:www.sina.com.cn?

3 瀹?楠?缁???锛?

3.1 璇锋?淇℃??2.1寰??扮????搴???:

HTTP/1.1 200 OK????????????????????????????????????????????? //璇锋?????

Server: Microsoft-IIS/5.0??????????????????????????????????? //web???″?? Date: Thu,08 Mar 200707:17:51 GMT

Connection: Keep-Alive?????????????????????????????????

Content-Length: 23330

Content-Type: text/html

Expries: Thu,08 Mar 2007 07:16:51 GMT

Set-Cookie: ASPSESSIONIDQAQBQQQB=BEJCDGKADEDJKLKKAJEOIMMH; path=/

Cache-control: private

//璧?婧???瀹圭????

3.2 璇锋?淇℃??2.2寰??扮????搴???:

HTTP/1.0 404 Not Found?????? //璇锋?澶辫触

Date: Thu, 08 Mar 2007 07:50:50 GMT

Server: Apache/2.0.54 <Unix>

Last-Modified: Thu, 30 Nov 2006 11:35:41 GMT

ETag: "6277a-415-e7c76980"

Accept-Ranges: bytes

X-Powered-By: mod_xlayout_jh/0.0.1vhs.markII.remix

Vary: Accept-Encoding

Content-Type: text/html

X-Cache: MISS from zjm152-78.sina.com.cn

Via: 1.0 zjm152-78.sina.com.cn:80<squid/2.6.STABLES-20061207>

X-Cache: MISS from th-143.sina.com.cn

Connection: close

澶卞?讳?璺?涓绘?虹??杩???

??浠绘????缁х画...

3 .姣?濡???浠?????E娴?瑙????璁块??涓?涓?缃?绔?锛??ㄦ???″?ㄧ????杩?socket??浠????风??淇℃??濡?涓?锛?

[cpp]? view plain copy

  1. //涓??㈡?????风??Get?戒护锛???
  2. ??
  3. GET?/?HTTP/1.1??
  4. Accept:?image/gif,?image/x-xbitmap,?image/jpeg,?image/pjpeg,?application/x-shockwave-flash,?application/vnd.ms-excel,???
  5. ??
  6. application/vnd.ms-powerpoint,?application/msword,?**

    ????Pragma: no-cache

    ????Cache-Control: no-cache

    ????Referer: http://download.microtool.de/

    ????User-Agent: Mozilla/4.04[en](Win95;I;Nav)

    ????Range: bytes=554554-

    ????涓?渚?绗?涓?琛?琛ㄧずHTTP瀹㈡?风??锛????芥??娴?瑙??ㄣ??涓?杞界?搴?锛???杩?GET?规??峰???瀹?URL涓?????浠躲??妫??茬???ㄥ??琛ㄧず璇锋?澶村????淇℃??锛?缁胯?茬???ㄥ??琛ㄧず???ㄥご?ㄥ????

    ????Host澶村??

    ????Host澶村????瀹?璇锋?璧?婧???Intenet涓绘?哄??绔??e?凤?蹇?椤昏〃绀鸿?锋?url????濮????″?ㄦ??缃??崇??浣?缃???HTTP/1.1璇锋?蹇?椤诲????涓绘?哄ご??锛?????绯荤?浼?浠?00?舵????杩?????

    ????Referer澶村??

    ????Referer澶村????璁稿?㈡?风????瀹?璇锋?uri??婧?璧?婧??板??锛?杩???浠ュ??璁告???″?ㄧ?????????捐〃锛????ㄦ?ョ?婚????浼???cache绛???浠?涔???璁稿??ょ??????璇???杩??ョ?变?缁存?ょ??????琚?杩借釜??濡???璇锋???uri娌℃????宸辩??uri?板??锛?Referer涓??借???????濡?????瀹??????ㄥ??uri?板??锛???姝ゅ?板??搴?璇ユ??涓?涓??稿?瑰?板????

    ????Range澶村??

    ????Range澶村????浠ヨ?锋?瀹?浣???涓?涓?????澶?涓?瀛????淬??渚?濡?锛?

    ????琛ㄧず澶?00涓?瀛???锛?bytes=0-499

    ????琛ㄧず绗?浜?涓?500瀛???锛?bytes=500-999

    ????琛ㄧず????500涓?瀛???锛?bytes=-500

    ????琛ㄧず500瀛???浠ュ???????达?bytes=500-

    ????绗?涓?涓???????涓?涓?瀛???锛?bytes=0-0,-1

    ???????舵??瀹???涓????达?bytes=500-600,601-999

    ????浣??????″?ㄥ??浠ュ拷?ユ?よ?锋?澶达?濡??????′欢GET????Range璇锋?澶达???搴?浼?浠ョ?舵????206锛?PartialContent锛?杩?????涓???浠?00锛?OK锛???

    ????User-Agent澶村??

    ????User-Agent澶村??????瀹瑰???????鸿?锋????ㄦ?蜂俊????

    ??????搴?娑???

    ??????搴?娑?????绗?涓?琛?涓轰??㈢???煎?锛?

    ????HTTP-VersionSPStatus-CodeSPReason-PhraseCRLF

    ????HTTP-Version琛ㄧず??????HTTP????锛?渚?濡?涓?TTP/1.1??Status-Code??涓?涓?涓?涓??板????缁???浠g????Reason-Phrase缁?Status-Code??渚?涓?涓?绠???????????杩般??Status-Code涓昏??ㄤ??哄?ㄨ???ㄨ????锛?Reason-Phrase涓昏??ㄤ?甯??╃?ㄦ?风??瑙c??Status-Code??绗?涓?涓??板??瀹?涔???搴???绫诲??锛???涓や釜?板??娌℃????绫荤??浣??ㄣ??绗?涓?涓??板?????藉??5涓?涓??????硷?

    ????1xx:淇℃????搴?绫伙?琛ㄧず?ユ?跺?拌?锋?骞朵?缁х画澶???

    ????2xx:澶?????????搴?绫伙?琛ㄧず?ㄤ?琚??????ユ?躲????瑙e???ュ??

    ????3xx:??瀹?????搴?绫伙?涓轰?瀹?????瀹????ㄤ?锛?蹇?椤绘?ュ??杩?涓?姝ュ???

    ????4xx:瀹㈡?风????璇?锛?瀹㈡?疯?锋?????璇?娉???璇???????涓??芥?g‘?ц?

    ????5xx:???$????璇?锛????″?ㄤ??芥?g‘?ц?涓?涓?姝g‘??璇锋?

    ??????搴?澶村????璁告???″?ㄤ???涓??芥?惧?ㄧ?舵??琛???????淇℃??锛?杩?浜???涓昏???杩版???″?ㄧ??淇℃????Request-URI杩?涓?姝ョ??淇℃??????搴?澶村??????Age??Location??Proxy-Authenticate??Public??Retry-After??Server??Vary??Warning??WWW-Authenticate??瀵瑰??搴?澶村?????╁?瑕?姹???璁????归?芥????锛?濡???瀛??ㄤ?????????搴?澶村??锛?涓???灏?浼?浣?涓哄??浣?澶村??澶?????

    ?????稿??????搴?娑???锛?

    ????HTTP/1.0200OK

    ????Date:Mon,31Dec200104:25:57GMT

    ????Server:Apache/1.3.14(Unix)

    ????Content-type:text/html

    ????Last-modified:Tue,17Apr200106:46:28GMT

    ????Etag:"a030f020ac7c01:1e9f"

    ????Content-length:39725426

    ????Content-range:bytes554554-40279979/40279980

    ????涓?渚?绗?涓?琛?琛ㄧずHTTP???$????搴?涓?涓?GET?规???妫??茬???ㄥ??琛ㄧず??搴?澶村????淇℃??锛?缁胯?茬???ㄥ??琛ㄧず???ㄥご?ㄥ??锛?绾㈣?茬???ㄥ??琛ㄧず瀹?浣?澶村????淇℃????

    ????Location??搴?澶?

    ????Location??搴?澶寸?ㄤ???瀹????ユ?惰???颁?涓???RI?板????

    ????Server??搴?澶?

    ????Server??搴?澶村????澶???璇锋?????濮????″?ㄧ??杞?浠朵俊????姝ゅ???藉????澶?涓?浜у????璇???娉ㄩ??锛?浜у????璇?涓??????ч??瑕??ф??搴???

    ????HTTP-杩?浣??瑰?

    ????HTTP??璁????轰?璇锋?锛???搴???寮?????涓?涓?瀹㈡?锋?轰????″?ㄥ缓绔?杩??ュ??锛?????涓?涓?璇锋?缁????″???璇锋??瑰????煎?涓猴?缁?涓?璧?婧???璇?绗?????璁??????凤???杈规??MIME淇℃??????璇锋?淇?楗扮????瀹㈡?锋?轰俊???????界????瀹广?????″?ㄦ?ュ?拌?锋???锛?缁?浜??稿?????搴?淇℃??锛??舵?煎?涓轰?涓??舵??琛?????淇℃??????璁??????枫??涓?涓?????????璇???浠g??锛???杈规??MIME淇℃?????????″?ㄤ俊????瀹?浣?淇℃???????界????瀹广??

    ????璁稿?HTTP??璁????变?涓??ㄦ?蜂唬????濮?????骞朵?????涓?涓??宠?峰?ㄦ????″?ㄤ?璧?婧???璇锋?????绠????????靛???芥???ㄧ?ㄦ?蜂唬??(UA)??婧????″??O)涔??撮??杩?涓?涓???????杩??ユ?ュ??????

    ????褰?涓?涓???澶?涓?涓?浠??虹?板?ㄨ?锋?锛???搴??句腑?讹????靛氨??寰?澶???涓?浜???涓?浠??变?绉?锛?浠g??(Proxy)??缃???Gateway)??????(Tunnel)??涓?涓?浠g???规??URI??缁?瀵规?煎??ユ?ュ??璇锋?锛??????ㄩ?ㄦ???ㄥ??娑???锛???杩?URI????璇???宸叉?煎???杩???璇锋??????版???″?ㄣ??缃??虫??涓?涓??ユ?朵唬??锛?浣?涓轰?浜??跺?????″?ㄧ??涓?灞?锛?骞朵?濡???蹇?椤荤??璇?锛???浠ユ??璇锋?缈昏??缁?涓?灞??????″?ㄥ??璁???涓?涓?????浣?涓轰??瑰??娑?????涓や釜杩??ヤ??寸??涓?缁х?广??褰???璁???瑕???杩?涓?涓?涓?浠?(渚?濡?锛??茬??澧?绛?)??????涓?浠?涓??借????娑???????瀹规?讹?????缁?甯歌?浣跨??

    ????瀹?浣?

    ????璇锋?娑???????搴?娑????藉??浠ュ????瀹?浣?淇℃??锛?瀹?浣?淇℃??涓????卞??浣?澶村????瀹?浣?缁?????瀹?浣?澶村???????充?瀹?浣?????淇℃??锛?瀹?浣?澶村????Allow??Content-Base??Content-Encoding??Content-Language??Content-Length??Content-Location??Content-MD5??Content-Range??Content-Type??Etag??Expires??Last-Modified??extension-header??extension-header??璁稿?㈡?风??瀹?涔??扮??瀹?浣?澶达?浣???杩?浜??????芥??娉????ュ???硅??????瀹?浣???浠ユ??涓?涓?缁?杩?缂?????瀛???娴?锛?瀹???缂????瑰???ontent-Encoding??Content-Type瀹?涔?锛?瀹????垮害??ontent-Length??Content-Range瀹?涔???

    ????Content-Type瀹?浣?澶?

    ????Content-Type瀹?浣?澶寸?ㄤ????ユ?舵?规??绀哄??浣???浠?璐ㄧ被??锛???瀹?HEAD?规????版?ユ?舵?圭??瀹?浣?浠?璐ㄧ被??锛???GET?规???????璇锋?浠?璐ㄧ被??Content-Range瀹?浣?澶?

    ????Content-Range瀹?浣?澶寸?ㄤ???瀹??翠釜瀹?浣?涓???涓??ㄥ???????ヤ?缃?锛?浠?涔???绀轰??翠釜瀹?浣????垮害???ㄦ???″?ㄥ??瀹㈡?疯???涓?涓??ㄥ????搴?锛?瀹?蹇?椤绘??杩板??搴?瑕????????村???翠釜瀹?浣??垮害??涓????煎?锛?

    ????Content-Range:bytes-unitSPfirst-byte-pos-last-byte-pos/entity-legth

    ????渚?濡?锛?浼???澶?00涓?瀛???娆″??娈电??褰㈠?锛?Content-Range:bytes0-499/1234濡???涓?涓?http娑???????姝よ??锛?渚?濡?锛?瀵硅???磋?锋?????搴???瀵逛?绯诲?????寸??????璇锋?锛?锛?Content-Range琛ㄧず浼????????达?Content-Length琛ㄧず瀹???浼?????瀛????般??

    ????Last-modified瀹?浣?澶?

    ????Last-modified瀹?浣?澶存??瀹????″?ㄤ?淇?瀛???瀹圭??????淇?璁㈡?堕?淬??

    ????渚?濡?锛?浼???澶?00涓?瀛???娆″??娈电??褰㈠?锛?Content-Range:bytes0-499/1234濡???涓?涓?http娑???????姝よ??锛?渚?濡?锛?瀵硅???磋?锋?????搴???瀵逛?绯诲?????寸??????璇锋?锛?锛?Content-Range琛ㄧず浼????????达?Content-Length琛ㄧず瀹???浼?????瀛????般??

    ????Last-modified瀹?浣?澶绰?

    http??璁?缁???

    ????HTTP?ユ???变?瀹㈡?锋?哄?版???″?ㄧ??璇锋???浠????″?ㄥ?板?㈡?锋?虹????搴???????璇锋??ユ???煎?濡?涓?锛?

    ????璇锋?琛? 锛? ???ㄤ俊??澶?锛? 璇锋?澶?锛? 瀹?浣?澶?锛? ?ユ??涓讳?

    ????璇锋?琛?浠ユ?规?瀛?娈靛?濮?锛????㈠?????? URL 瀛?娈靛?? HTTP ??璁?????瀛?娈碉?骞朵互 CRLF 缁?灏俱??SP ??????绗????や??ㄦ?????? CRLF 搴???涓? CF ?? LF ??蹇?????涔?澶?锛??朵??藉??浠ヤ?瑕??????抽???ㄤ俊??澶达?璇锋?澶村??瀹?浣?澶存?归?㈢???蜂???瀹瑰??浠ュ???х?稿?虫??浠躲??

    ????搴??ユ???煎?濡?涓?锛?

    ?????舵??琛? 锛? ???ㄤ俊??澶?锛? ??搴?澶?锛? 瀹?浣?澶?锛? ?ユ??涓讳?

    ?舵????????浣??板??缁???锛?琛ㄧず璇锋????????瑙f??琚?婊¤冻????????????瀵瑰???????舵????浣?绠???????杩帮??舵?????ㄦ?ユ???????ㄦ??浣?锛????????????ㄦ?ヤ??ㄦ?蜂娇?ㄣ??瀹㈡?锋?烘?????ㄦ?ユ??ユ???剧ず璇?娉??????抽???ㄤ俊??澶达???搴?澶村??瀹?浣?澶存?归?㈢???蜂???瀹瑰??浠ュ???х?稿?虫??浠躲???

    HTTP??璇?浠g??璇??浠?缁?

    ????"100" : Continue

    ????"101" : witching Protocols

    ????"200" : OK

    ????"201" : Created

    ????"202" : Accepted

    ????"203" : Non-Authoritative Information

    ????"204" : No Content

    ????"205" : Reset Content

    ????"206" : Partial Content

    ????"300" : Multiple Choices

    ????"301" : Moved Permanently

    ????"302" : Found

    ????"303" : See Other

    ????"304" : Not Modified

    ????"305" : Use Proxy

    ????"307" : Temporary Redirect

    ????HTTP 400 - 璇锋?????

    ????HTTP 401.1 - ??????锛??诲?澶辫触

    ????HTTP 401.2 - ??????锛????″?ㄩ??缃???棰?瀵艰?寸?诲?澶辫触

    ????HTTP 401.3 - ACL 绂?姝㈣?块??璧?婧?

    ????HTTP 401.4 - ??????锛?????琚?绛????ㄦ??缁?

    ????HTTP 401.5 - ??????锛?ISAPI ?? CGI ????澶辫触

    ????HTTP 403 - 绂?姝㈣?块??

    ????HTTP 403 - 瀵?Internet ???$?$????(HTML) ??璁块??浠???浜? Localhost

    ????HTTP 403.1 绂?姝㈣?块??锛?绂?姝㈠???ц?璁块??

    ????HTTP 403.2 - 绂?姝㈣?块??锛?绂?姝㈣?昏?块??

    ????HTTP 403.3 - 绂?姝㈣?块??锛?绂?姝㈠??璁块??

    ????HTTP 403.4 - 绂?姝㈣?块??锛?瑕?姹? SSL

    ????HTTP 403.5 - 绂?姝㈣?块??锛?瑕?姹? SSL 128

    ????HTTP 403.6 - 绂?姝㈣?块??锛?IP ?板??琚???缁?

    ????HTTP 403.7 - 绂?姝㈣?块??锛?瑕?姹?瀹㈡?疯??涔?

    ????HTTP 403.8 - 绂?姝㈣?块??锛?绂?姝㈢???硅?块??

    ????HTTP 403.9 - 绂?姝㈣?块??锛?杩??ョ???ㄦ?疯?澶?

    ????HTTP 403.10 - 绂?姝㈣?块??锛???缃?????

    ????HTTP 403.11 - 绂?姝㈣?块??锛?瀵????存??

    ????HTTP 403.12 - 绂?姝㈣?块??锛???灏??ㄦ??缁?璁块??

    ????HTTP 403.13 - 绂?姝㈣?块??锛?瀹㈡?疯??涔?凡琚?????

    ????HTTP 403.15 - 绂?姝㈣?块??锛?瀹㈡?疯?块??璁稿??杩?澶?

    ????HTTP 403.16 - 绂?姝㈣?块??锛?瀹㈡?疯??涔????淇℃????????

    ????HTTP 403.17 - 绂?姝㈣?块??锛?瀹㈡?疯??涔?凡缁??版??????灏???????

    ????HTTP 404.1 - ??娉??惧??Web 绔???

    ????HTTP 404 - ??娉??惧?版??浠?

    ????HTTP 405 - 璧?婧?琚?绂?姝?

    ????HTTP 406 - ??娉??ュ??

    ????HTTP 407 - 瑕?姹?浠g??韬?浠介??璇?

    ????HTTP 410 - 姘歌?涓?????

    ????HTTP 412 - ???虫?′欢澶辫触

    ????HTTP 414 - 璇锋? - URI 澶???

    ????HTTP 500 - ???ㄦ???″?ㄩ??璇?

    ????HTTP 500.100 - ???ㄦ???″?ㄩ??璇? - ASP ??璇?

    ????HTTP 500-11 ???″?ㄥ?抽??

    ????HTTP 500-12 搴??ㄧ?搴????板????

    ????HTTP 500-13 - ???″?ㄥお蹇?

    ????HTTP 500-14 - 搴??ㄧ?搴?????

    ????HTTP 500-15 - 涓???璁歌?锋? global.asa

    ????Error 501 - ??瀹???

    HTTP 502 - 缃??抽??璇??

    ??璁???????

    ????瓒?????浼?杈???璁?宸茬?婕????轰?寰?澶?????锛?瀹?浠?涓???澶ч?ㄥ???芥????涓??煎?圭??????FC 2145涓???杩颁?HTTP?????风???ㄦ???瀹㈡?风???ㄨ?锋???寮?濮???璇????″?ㄥ?????ㄧ????璁??????凤??????????ㄥ??搴?涓????ㄧ?稿???????存?╃????璁???????

    ????0.9

    ????宸茶??躲?????ュ?? GET 涓?绉?璇锋??规?锛?娌℃???ㄩ??璁?涓???瀹??????凤?涓?涓?????璇锋?澶淬???变?璇ョ????涓????? POST ?规?锛???浠ュ?㈡?风????娉??????″?ㄤ???澶?澶?淇℃????

    ????HTTP/1.0

    ????杩???绗?涓?涓??ㄩ??璁?涓???瀹??????风?? HTTP ??璁?????锛??充?浠?琚?骞挎???????瑰?????ㄤ唬?????″?ㄤ腑??

    ????HTTP/1.1

    ????褰???????????涔?杩??ヨ?榛?璁ら?????骞惰?藉?濂藉?伴????浠g?????″?ㄥ伐浣???杩?????浠ョ?¢???瑰??ㄥ???跺????澶?涓?璇锋?锛?浠ヤ究??浣?绾胯矾璐?杞斤???楂?浼?杈???搴???

    ????HTTP/1.1?歌?浜? HTTP/1.0 ??璁????哄??涓昏?浣??板???

    ????1 缂?瀛?澶???

    ????2 甯??戒?????缃?缁?杩??ョ??浣跨??

    ????3 ??璇????ョ??绠$??

    ????4 娑????ㄧ?缁?涓???????

    ????5 浜???缃??板????缁存??

    ????6 瀹??ㄦ?у??瀹??存??

    浠ヤ???绔?杞?杞斤?http://www.cnblogs.com/li0803/archive/2008/11/03/1324746.html锛??ㄦ?よ〃绀烘??璋??

    HTTP??璁?绯荤?瀛??

    2.1? HTTP/1.0 ?? HTTP/1.1 ??姣?杈?

    RFC 1945瀹?涔?浜?HTTP/1.0????锛?RFC 2616瀹?涔?浜?HTTP/1.1??????

    绗?????log涓???渚?浜?杩?涓や釜RFC涓???????涓?杞藉?板????

    RFC1945涓?杞藉?板??锛?

    http://www.blogjava.net/Files/amigoxie/RFC1945锛?HTTP锛?涓?????.rar

    RFC2616涓?杞藉?板??锛?

    http://www.blogjava.net/Files/amigoxie/RFC2616锛?HTTP锛?涓?????.rar

    2.1.1 寤虹??杩??ユ?归??

    HTTP/1.0?姣?娆¤?锋??介??瑕?寤虹???扮??TCP杩??ワ?杩??ヤ??藉??ㄣ??HTTP/1.1??扮??璇锋???浠ュ?ㄤ?娆¤?锋?寤虹????TCP杩??ヤ?涓?????锛?杩??ュ??浠ュ??ㄣ??浼??规????灏???澶?杩?琛?TCP涓?娆℃?℃????寮???锛???楂???????

    娉ㄦ??锛??ㄥ??涓?涓?TCP杩??ヤ腑锛??扮??璇锋???瑕?绛?涓?娆¤?锋??跺?板??搴???锛????藉??????

    2.1.2 ?Host ??

    HTTP1.1??equest娑???澶撮??澶村?浜?涓?涓?Host??, HTTP1.0??娌℃??杩?涓?????

    Eg锛?

    HTTP协议的详解
    ????GET?/pub/WWW/TheProject.html?HTTP/1.1
    HTTP协议的详解
    ????Host:?www.w3.org
    HTTP协议的详解

    ????????TTP1.0???跺??璁や负锛?寤虹??TCP杩??ョ???跺??宸茬???瀹?浜?IP?板??锛?杩?涓?IP?板??涓?????涓?涓?host??

    2.1.3 ?ユ???堕?存??

    (?ユ?舵?瑰??)

    ??璁烘??HTTP1.0杩???HTTP1.1锛??借??借В??涓????绉?date/time stamp锛?

    HTTP协议的详解
    Sun,?06?Nov?1994?08:49:37?GMT?;?RFC?822,?updated?by?RFC?1123
    HTTP协议的详解
    Sunday,?06-Nov-94?08:49:37?GMT?;?RFC?850,?obsoleted?by?RFC?1036
    HTTP协议的详解

    Sun?Nov?6?08:49:37?1994???????;?ANSI?C's?asctime()?format

    ?????? (?????瑰??)

    HTTP1.0瑕?姹?涓??界????绗?涓?绉?asctime?煎???date/time stamp锛?

    HTTP1.1??瑕?姹???????RFC 1123(绗?涓?绉?)?煎???date/time stamp??

    2.1.4 ?舵????搴???

    ?舵????搴???100 (Continue)??舵??浠g????浣跨?????璁稿?㈡?风???ㄥ??request娑???body涔???????equest header璇????涓?server锛???server瑕?涓?瑕??ユ??equest body锛????冲??瑕?涓?瑕???request body??

    瀹㈡?风????equest澶撮?ㄤ腑????

    HTTP协议的详解

    Expect:?100-continue

    ?????? Server???颁????㈠?????100 (Continue)?杩?涓??舵??浠g??锛?瀹㈡?风??灏辩户缁???request body??杩?涓???HTTP1.1????????

    ?????TTP/1.1涓?杩?澧???浜?101??203??205绛?绛??х?舵????搴???

    2.1.5 璇锋??瑰?

    HTTP1.1澧???浜?OPTIONS, PUT, DELETE, TRACE, CONNECT杩?浜?Request?规?.

    ?????? Method???????? = "OPTIONS"??????????????? ; Section 9.2

    ????????????????????? | "GET"??????????????????? ; Section 9.3

    ????????????????????? | "HEAD"?????????????????? ; Section 9.4

    ????????????????????? | "POST"?????????????????? ; Section 9.5

    ????????????????????? | "PUT"??????????????????? ; Section 9.6

    ????????????????????? | "DELETE"???????????????? ; Section 9.7

    ????????????????????? | "TRACE"????????????????? ; Section 9.8

    ????????????????????? | "CONNECT"??????????????? ; Section 9.9

    ????????????????????? | extension-method

    ?????? extension-method = token

    2.2? HTTP 璇锋?娑???? 2.2.1 璇锋?娑????煎?

    璇锋?娑????煎?濡?涓???绀猴?

    璇锋?琛?

    ???ㄤ俊??澶?璇锋?澶?瀹?浣?澶?

    CRLF(??杞??㈣?)

    瀹?浣???瀹?

    ?朵腑??璇锋?琛???涓猴?璇锋?琛??=??规??[绌烘???璇锋?URI [绌烘????????仿?[??杞??㈣?]

    璇锋?琛?瀹?渚?锛?

    Eg1锛?

    HTTP协议的详解

    GET?/index.html?HTTP/1.1

    ?????? Eg2锛?

    POST?http://192.168.2.217:8080/index.jsp HTTP/1.1

    HTTP璇锋?娑???瀹?渚?锛?

    HTTP协议的详解
    GET?/hello.htm?HTTP/1.1
    HTTP协议的详解
    Accept:?*/*
    HTTP协议的详解
    Accept-Language:?zh-cn
    HTTP协议的详解
    Accept-Encoding:?gzip,?deflate
    HTTP协议的详解
    If-Modified-Since:?Wed,?17?Oct?2007?02:15:55?GMT
    HTTP协议的详解
    If-None-Match:?W/"158-1192587355000"
    HTTP协议的详解
    User-Agent:?Mozilla/4.0?(compatible;?MSIE?6.0;?Windows?NT?5.1;?SV1)
    HTTP协议的详解
    Host:?192.168.2.162:8080
    HTTP协议的详解

    Connection:?Keep-Alive

    2.2.2 璇锋??规?

    ?????? HTTP??璇锋??规?????濡?涓???绉?锛?

    q??????GET

    q??????POST

    q??????HEAD

    q??????PUT

    q??????DELETE

    q??????OPTIONS

    q??????TRACE

    q??????CONNECT

    2.3 HTTP ??搴?娑???? 2.3.1 ??搴?娑????煎?

    HTTP??搴?娑??????煎?濡?涓???绀猴?

    ?舵??琛?

    ???ㄤ俊??澶???搴?澶?瀹?浣?澶?

    CRLF

    瀹?浣???瀹?

    ?朵腑锛??舵??琛??=??????仿?[绌烘????舵?????[绌烘????????[??杞??㈣?]

    ?舵??琛?涓句?锛?

    Eg1锛?

    HTTP协议的详解

    HTTP/1.0?200?OK?

    ????? Eg2锛?

    HTTP协议的详解

    HTTP/1.1?400?Bad?Request

    ???? HTTP??搴?娑???瀹?渚?濡?涓???绀猴?

    HTTP协议的详解
    HTTP/1.1?200?OK
    HTTP协议的详解
    ETag:?W/"158-1192590101000"
    HTTP协议的详解
    Last-Modified:?Wed,?17?Oct?2007?03:01:41?GMT
    HTTP协议的详解
    Content-Type:?text/html
    HTTP协议的详解
    Content-Length:?158
    HTTP协议的详解
    Date:?Wed,?17?Oct?2007?03:01:59?GMT
    HTTP协议的详解

    Server:?Apache-Coyote/1.1

    2.3.2?http???舵????搴???

    2.3.2 .1 ?1** 锛?璇锋??跺?帮?缁х画澶???

    100????瀹㈡?峰?椤荤户缁????鸿?锋?

    101????瀹㈡?疯?姹????″?ㄦ?规??璇锋?杞???TTP??璁?????

    2.3.2 .2 ?2** 锛? ??浣??????跺??锛? ???????ュ??

    200????浜ゆ??????

    201??????绀虹?ラ???版??浠剁??URL

    202?????ュ????澶?????浣?澶?????瀹???

    203????杩???淇℃??涓?纭?瀹???涓?瀹???

    204????璇锋??跺?帮?浣?杩???淇℃??涓虹┖

    205???????″?ㄥ????浜?璇锋?锛??ㄦ?蜂唬??蹇?椤诲?浣?褰???宸茬?娴?瑙?杩?????浠?

    206???????″?ㄥ凡缁?瀹???浜??ㄥ???ㄦ?风??GET璇锋?

    2.3.2 .3 ?3** 锛?瀹???姝よ?锋?蹇?椤昏?涓?姝ュ???

    300????璇锋???璧?婧????ㄥ?澶?寰???

    301???????よ?锋??版??

    302?????ㄥ?朵??板?????颁?璇锋??版??

    303????寤鸿??瀹㈡?疯?块???朵?URL??璁块???瑰?

    304????瀹㈡?风??宸茬??ц?浜?GET锛?浣???浠舵??????

    305????璇锋???璧?婧?蹇?椤讳????″?ㄦ??瀹????板??寰???

    306??????涓?????HTTP涓?浣跨?ㄧ??浠g??锛??拌?????涓?涓???浣跨??

    307?????虫??璇锋???璧?婧?涓存?舵?у???? 2.3.2 .4 ?4** 锛?璇锋?????涓?涓???璇?璇?娉???涓??藉????

    400??????璇?璇锋?锛?濡?璇?娉???璇?

    401??????????

    HTTP 401.1 -???????锛??诲?澶辫触

    ????HTTP 401.2 -???????锛????″?ㄩ??缃???棰?瀵艰?寸?诲?澶辫触

    ????HTTP 401.3 - ACL?绂?姝㈣?块??璧?婧?

    ????HTTP 401.4 -???????锛?????琚?绛????ㄦ??缁?

    HTTP 401.5 -???????锛?ISAPI????CGI?????澶辫触

    402????淇???????ChargeTo澶村??搴?

    403????绂?姝㈣?块??

    HTTP 403.1?绂?姝㈣?块??锛?绂?姝㈠???ц?璁块??

    ????HTTP 403.2 -?绂?姝㈣?块??锛?绂?姝㈣?昏?块??

    ????HTTP 403.3 -?绂?姝㈣?块??锛?绂?姝㈠??璁块??

    ????HTTP 403.4 -?绂?姝㈣?块??锛?瑕?姹??SSL

    ????HTTP 403.5 -?绂?姝㈣?块??锛?瑕?姹??SSL 128

    ????HTTP 403.6 -?绂?姝㈣?块??锛?IP??板??琚???缁?

    ????HTTP 403.7 -?绂?姝㈣?块??锛?瑕?姹?瀹㈡?疯??涔?

    ????HTTP 403.8 -?绂?姝㈣?块??锛?绂?姝㈢???硅?块??

    ????HTTP 403.9 -?绂?姝㈣?块??锛?杩??ョ???ㄦ?疯?澶?

    ????HTTP 403.10 -?绂?姝㈣?块??锛???缃?????

    ????HTTP 403.11 -?绂?姝㈣?块??锛?瀵????存??

    ????HTTP 403.12 -?绂?姝㈣?块??锛???灏??ㄦ??缁?璁块??

    ????HTTP 403.13 -?绂?姝㈣?块??锛?瀹㈡?疯??涔?凡琚?????

    ????HTTP 403.15 -?绂?姝㈣?块??锛?瀹㈡?疯?块??璁稿??杩?澶?

    ????HTTP 403.16 -?绂?姝㈣?块??锛?瀹㈡?疯??涔????淇℃????????

    HTTP 403.17 -?绂?姝㈣?块??锛?瀹㈡?疯??涔?凡缁??版??????灏???????

    404????娌℃?????版??浠躲???ヨ?㈡??URl

    405?????ㄦ?峰??equest-Line瀛?娈靛??涔????规?涓???璁?

    406?????规???ㄦ?峰??????Accept??锛?璇锋?璧?婧?涓???璁块??

    407????绫讳技401锛??ㄦ?峰?椤婚????ㄤ唬?????″?ㄤ?寰??版????

    408????瀹㈡?风??娌℃???ㄧ?ㄦ?锋??瀹???楗挎?堕?村??瀹???璇锋?

    409????瀵瑰???璧?婧??舵??锛?璇锋?涓??藉????

    410???????″?ㄤ?涓?????姝よ?婧?涓???杩?涓?姝ョ???????板??

    411???????″?ㄦ??缁??ㄦ?峰??涔???Content-Length灞??ц?锋?

    412????涓?涓???澶?涓?璇锋?澶村??娈靛?ㄥ???璇锋?涓???璇?

    413????璇锋???璧?婧?澶т????″?ㄥ??璁哥??澶у?

    414????璇锋???璧?婧?URL?夸????″?ㄥ??璁哥???垮害

    415????璇锋?璧?婧?涓?????璇锋?椤圭???煎?

    416????璇锋?涓?????Range璇锋?澶村??娈碉??ㄥ???璇锋?璧?婧????村??娌℃??range??绀哄?硷?璇锋?涔?涓?????If-Range璇锋?澶村??娈?

    417???????″?ㄤ?婊¤冻璇锋?Expect澶村??娈垫??瀹????????硷?濡?????浠g?????″??????芥??涓?涓?绾ф???″?ㄤ??芥弧瓒宠?锋??裤??

    2.3.2 .5 ?5** 锛????″?ㄦ?ц?涓?涓?瀹??ㄦ????璇锋?澶辫触

    ????HTTP 500 -????ㄦ???″?ㄩ??璇?

    ????HTTP 500.100 -????ㄦ???″?ㄩ??璇??- ASP???璇?

    ????HTTP 500-11????″?ㄥ?抽??

    ????HTTP 500-12?搴??ㄧ?搴????板????

    ????HTTP 500-13 -????″?ㄥお蹇?

    ????HTTP 500-14 -?搴??ㄧ?搴?????

    ????HTTP 500-15 -?涓???璁歌?锋??global.asa

    ????Error 501 -???瀹???

    HTTP 502 -?缃??抽??璇?

    2.4? 浣跨??telnet 杩?琛? http 娴?璇?

    ?????????indows涓?锛???浣跨?ㄥ?戒护绐??h?琛?http绠???娴?璇???

    ???????杈???md杩??ュ?戒护绐??o??ㄥ?戒护琛????ュ?涓??戒护??????杞??

    HTTP协议的详解

    telnet?www.baidu.com?80

    ????????????ㄧ???d腑??涓???Ctrl+]????????杞???璁╄???缁??????俱??

    ?ョ??寮?濮???璇锋?娑???锛?渚?濡?????濡?涓?璇锋?娑???璇锋?baidu??棣?椤垫???锛?浣跨?ㄧ??HTTP??璁?涓?TTP/1.1锛?

    HTTP协议的详解

    GET?/index.html?HTTP/1.1

    ???娉ㄦ??锛?copy濡?涓???娑????板?戒护绐??e????瑕???涓や釜??杞??㈣????藉??板??搴???娑???锛?绗?涓?涓???杞??㈣????ㄥ?戒护?????ュ??杞??㈣?锛???HTTP??璁?瑕?姹?????绗?浜?涓???纭?璁よ??ワ?????璇锋???

    ?????拌???浜?200 OK??娑???锛?濡?涓??炬??绀猴?

    HTTP协议的详解
    ????????????帮?褰?????TTP/1.1?讹?杩??ヤ????ㄨ?锋?缁?????灏辨??寮??????ラ????TTP1.0锛??ㄥ?戒护绐??i???ワ?
    HTTP协议的详解

    GET?/index.html?HTTP/1.0

    ??????姝ゆ?跺??浠ョ???拌?锋?缁???涔???椹?涓???寮???

    ???????璇昏??杩???浠ュ?璇??ㄤ娇??ET??POST绛??讹?甯??澶村??淇℃??锛?渚?濡????ュ?涓?淇℃??锛?

    HTTP协议的详解
    GET?/index.html?HTTP/1.1
    HTTP协议的详解
    connection:?close
    HTTP协议的详解

    Host:?www.baidu.com

    2.5?甯哥?ㄧ??璇锋??瑰?

    ???????甯哥?ㄧ??璇锋??瑰???GET??POST.

    l?????????GET?瑰?锛???浠ュ??浣????瑰?寰??扮?辫?锋?URI????瀹?璧?婧???淇℃??锛?濡???璇锋?URI????涓?涓??版??浜х??杩?绋?锛??d???缁?瑕??ㄥ??搴?瀹?浣?涓?杩???????澶???杩?绋???缁???????????璧?婧?锛???涓???澶???杩?绋?????杩般??

    l?????????POST?瑰?锛??ㄦ?ュ?????????″?ㄥ???鸿?锋?锛?瑕?姹?瀹??ュ??琚????ㄨ?锋?????瀹?浣?锛?骞舵??瀹?褰?浣?璇锋?????涓?璇锋?URI????瀹?璧?婧????????板??椤癸?Post琚?璁捐?℃???ㄧ?涓????规?瀹??颁??????斤?

    1锛?瀵圭?版??璧?婧???瑙i??锛?

    2锛????靛???????????伴?荤?????浠跺??琛ㄦ??绫讳技璁ㄨ?虹???淇℃??锛?

    3锛???浜ゆ?版????锛?

    4锛???杩???????浣??ユ?╁??版??搴????

    浠?涓??㈡??杩板??浠ョ???猴?Get???????″?ㄥ??绱㈠???版????涓?绉?璇锋?锛???Post???????″?ㄦ??浜ゆ?版????涓?绉?璇锋?锛?瑕???浜ょ???版??浣?浜?淇℃??澶村???㈢??瀹?浣?涓???

    GET涓?POST?规???浠ヤ??哄??锛?

    锛?1锛?????ㄥ?㈡?风??锛?Get?瑰??ㄩ??杩?URL??浜ゆ?版??锛??版????RL涓???浠ョ???帮?POST?瑰?锛??版???剧疆??TML HEADER????浜ゃ??

    锛?2锛??? GET?瑰???浜ょ???版????澶????芥??1024瀛???锛???POST??娌℃??姝ら???躲??

    锛?3锛????瀹??ㄦ?ч??棰???姝e????1锛?涓????帮?浣跨???Get????跺??锛????颁??剧ず?ㄥ?板????涓?锛????Post?涓?浼?????浠ワ?濡???杩?浜??版????涓????版????涓??????????版??锛??d?浣跨???get锛?濡????ㄦ?疯??ョ???版??涓???涓???瀛?绗???涓??????????版??锛??d?杩???浣跨???post涓哄ソ??

    锛?4锛????瀹??ㄧ????骞?绛???????璋?瀹??ㄧ?????崇??璇ユ??浣??ㄤ??峰??淇℃??????淇??逛俊????骞?绛??????崇??瀵瑰??涓?URL???澶?涓?璇锋?搴?璇ヨ??????风??缁?????瀹??寸??瀹?涔?骞朵?????璧锋?ラ?f?蜂弗?笺???㈠?ヨ??璇达?GET?璇锋?涓???涓?搴?浜х????浣??ㄣ??浠??规??涓?璁诧??剁??????褰??ㄦ?锋??寮?涓?涓??炬?ユ?讹?濂瑰??浠ョ‘淇′???韬???瑙?搴??ョ??娌℃???瑰??璧?婧???姣?濡?锛??伴?荤???圭??澶寸??涓????存?般???界?剁??浜?娆¤?锋?浼?杩???涓?????涓??规?伴?伙?璇ユ??浣?浠??惰?璁や负??瀹??ㄧ????骞?绛???锛???涓哄???绘??杩???褰??????伴?汇????涔?浜??躲??POST?璇锋?灏变??d?杞绘?句???POST?琛ㄧず???芥?瑰?????″?ㄤ???璧?婧???璇锋???浠??朵互?伴?荤???逛负渚?锛?璇昏??瀵规??绔???娉ㄨВ搴?璇ラ??杩??POST?璇锋?瀹??帮???涓哄?ㄦ敞瑙f??浜や???绔??瑰凡缁?涓???浜?锛?姣??硅?存??绔?涓??㈠?虹?颁??℃敞瑙o???

    ?

    2.6? 璇锋?澶?

    HTTP??甯歌???璇锋?澶村?涓?锛?

    l?????????Accept锛?娴?瑙??ㄥ???ュ????MIME绫诲??锛?

    l?????????Accept-Charset锛?娴?瑙??ㄥ???ュ????瀛?绗???锛?

    l?????????Accept-Encoding锛?娴?瑙??ㄨ?藉?杩?琛?瑙g?????版??缂????瑰?锛?姣?濡?gzip??Servlet?藉???????gzip??娴?瑙??ㄨ???缁?gzip缂?????HTML椤甸????璁稿???褰??杩???浠ュ??灏?5??0????涓?杞芥?堕?达?

    l?????????Accept-Language锛?娴?瑙??ㄦ??甯?????璇?瑷?绉?绫伙?褰????″?ㄨ?藉???渚?涓?绉?浠ヤ???璇?瑷??????惰??ㄥ?帮?

    l?????????Authorization锛?????淇℃??锛???甯稿?虹?板?ㄥ?规???″?ㄥ??????WWW-Authenticate澶寸??搴?绛?涓?锛?

    l?????????Connection锛?琛ㄧず??????瑕???涔?杩??ャ??濡???Servlet???拌??????间负??Keep-Alive??锛????????拌?锋?浣跨?ㄧ????HTTP 1.1锛?HTTP 1.1榛?璁よ?琛???涔?杩??ワ?锛?瀹?灏卞??浠ュ?╃?ㄦ??涔?杩??ョ??浼??癸?褰?椤甸?㈠????澶?涓???绱??讹?渚?濡?Applet锛??剧??锛?锛??捐???板??灏?涓?杞芥????瑕????堕?淬??瑕?瀹??拌?涓??癸?Servlet??瑕??ㄥ?绛?涓?????涓?涓?Content-Length澶达???绠?????瀹??版?规???锛???????瀹瑰????yteArrayOutputStream锛??跺???ㄦ?e????哄??瀹逛???璁$??瀹???澶у?锛?

    l?????????Content-Length锛?琛ㄧず璇锋?娑???姝f?????垮害锛?

    l?????????Cookie锛?杩???????瑕???璇锋?澶翠俊??涔?涓?锛?

    l?????????From锛?璇锋?????????email?板??锛??变?浜??规????Web瀹㈡?风?搴?浣跨???娴?瑙??ㄤ?浼??ㄥ?板??锛?

    l?????????Host锛???濮?URL涓???涓绘?哄??绔??o?

    l?????????If-Modified-Since锛?????褰???璇锋?????瀹瑰?ㄦ??瀹????ユ??涔?????缁?杩?淇??规??杩???瀹?锛?????杩???304??Not Modified??搴?绛?锛?

    l?????????Pragma锛???瀹???no-cache???艰〃绀烘???″?ㄥ?椤昏???涓?涓??锋?板??????妗o??充娇瀹???浠g?????″?ㄨ??涓?宸茬???浜?椤甸?㈢?????版?疯?锛?

    l?????????Referer锛?????涓?涓?URL锛??ㄦ?蜂?璇?RL浠h〃??椤甸?㈠?哄??璁块??褰???璇锋???椤甸????

    l?????????User-Agent锛?娴?瑙??ㄧ被??锛?濡???Servlet杩???????瀹逛?娴?瑙??ㄧ被?????冲??璇ュ?奸??甯告?????

    l?????????UA-Pixels锛?UA-Color锛?UA-OS锛?UA-CPU锛??辨??浜???????IE娴?瑙??ㄦ????????????????璇锋?澶达?琛ㄧず灞?骞?澶у???棰??叉繁搴?????浣?绯荤???CPU绫诲????

    2.7? ??搴?澶?

    HTTP??甯歌?????搴?澶村?涓???绀猴?

    l?????????Allow锛????″?ㄦ??????浜?璇锋??规?锛?濡?GET??POST绛?锛?锛?

    l?????????Content-Encoding锛???妗g??缂???锛?Encode锛??规????????ㄨВ??涔???????浠ュ???ontent-Type澶存??瀹?????瀹圭被?????╃??zip??缂╂??妗h?藉??捐???板??灏?HTML??妗g??涓?杞芥?堕?淬??Java??GZIPOutputStream??浠ュ??逛究?拌?琛?gzip??缂╋?浣?????Unix涓???Netscape??Windows涓???IE 4??IE 5??????瀹?????姝わ?Servlet搴?璇ラ??杩??ョ??Accept-Encoding澶达???equest.getHeader("Accept-Encoding")锛?妫??ユ?瑙??ㄦ????????gzip锛?涓烘????gzip??娴?瑙??ㄨ???缁?gzip??缂╃??HTML椤甸???涓哄?朵?娴?瑙??ㄨ???????椤甸???

    l?????????Content-Length锛?琛ㄧず??瀹归?垮害??????褰?娴?瑙??ㄤ娇?ㄦ??涔?HTTP杩??ユ?舵????瑕?杩?涓??版????濡???浣??宠??╃?ㄦ??涔?杩??ョ??浼??匡???浠ユ??杈??烘??妗e????yteArrayOutputStram锛?瀹??????ョ???跺ぇ灏?锛??跺????璇ュ?兼?惧??ontent-Length澶达???????杩?byteArrayStream.writeTo(response.getOutputStream()??????瀹癸?

    l?????????Content-Type锛??琛ㄧず???㈢????妗e?浜?浠?涔?MIME绫诲????Servlet榛?璁や负text/plain锛?浣???甯搁??瑕??惧??版??瀹?涓?ext/html???变?缁?甯歌?璁剧疆Content-Type锛???姝?ttpServletResponse??渚?浜?涓?涓?涓??ㄧ???规?setContentTyep???????eb.xml??浠朵腑??缃??╁?????MIME绫诲????瀵瑰??崇郴锛?

    l?????????Date锛?褰?????GMT?堕?淬??浣???浠ョ??etDateHeader?ヨ?剧疆杩?涓?澶翠互?垮??杞??㈡?堕?存?煎???楹荤???

    l?????????Expires锛?????搴?璇ュ?ㄤ?涔??跺??璁や负??妗e凡缁?杩???锛?浠???涓???缂?瀛?瀹???

    l?????????Last-Modified锛???妗g???????瑰?ㄦ?堕?淬??瀹㈡?峰??浠ラ??杩?If-Modified-Since璇锋?澶存??渚?涓?涓??ユ??锛?璇ヨ?锋?灏?琚?瑙?涓轰?涓??′欢GET锛??????瑰?ㄦ?堕?磋?浜???瀹??堕?寸????妗f??浼?杩???锛?????杩???涓?涓?304锛?Not Modified锛??舵????Last-Modified涔?????etDateHeader?规??ヨ?剧疆锛?

    l?????????Location锛?琛ㄧず瀹㈡?峰?褰??板?????绘??????妗c??Location??甯镐????存?ヨ?剧疆??锛???????杩?HttpServletResponse??sendRedirect?规?锛?璇ユ?规????惰?剧疆?舵??浠g??涓?02锛?

    l?????????Refresh锛?琛ㄧず娴?瑙??ㄥ?璇ュ?ㄥ?灏??堕?翠????锋?版??妗o?浠ョ?璁°???や??锋?板?????妗d?澶?锛?浣?杩???浠ラ??杩?setHeader("Refresh", "5; URL=http://host/path")璁╂?瑙??ㄨ?诲????瀹???椤甸????娉ㄦ??杩?绉????介??甯告????杩?璁剧疆HTML椤甸??EAD?虹??<META HTTP-EQUIV="Refresh" CONTENT="5;URL=http://host/path">瀹??帮?杩?????涓猴????ㄥ?锋?版????瀹???瀵逛??d?涓??戒娇??GI??Servlet??HTML缂???????????瑕???浣???锛?瀵逛?Servlet?ヨ?达??存?ヨ?剧疆Refresh澶存?村???逛究??娉ㄦ??Refresh????涔?????N绉?涔????锋?版??椤甸?㈡??璁块????瀹?椤甸?⑩??锛???涓?????姣???N绉??锋?版??椤甸?㈡??璁块????瀹?椤甸?⑩??????姝わ?杩?缁??锋?拌?姹?姣?娆¢?藉????涓?涓?Refresh澶达???????204?舵??浠g??????浠ラ?绘?㈡?瑙??ㄧ户缁??锋?帮?涓?绠℃??浣跨??efresh澶磋???<META HTTP-EQUIV="Refresh" ...>??娉ㄦ??Refresh澶翠?灞?浜?HTTP 1.1姝e?瑙?????涓??ㄥ??锛?????涓?涓??╁?锛?浣?Netscape??IE?芥????瀹???

    2.8 瀹?浣?澶?

    瀹?浣?澶寸?ㄥ??瀹?浣???瀹圭????淇℃??锛???杩颁?瀹?浣???瀹圭??灞??э?????瀹?浣?淇℃??绫诲??锛??垮害锛???缂╂?规?锛?????涓?娆′慨?规?堕?达??版???????х????

    l?????????Allow锛?GET,POST

    l?????????Content-Encoding锛???妗g??缂???锛?Encode锛??规?锛?渚?濡?锛?gzip锛?瑙???2.5???搴?澶粹??锛?

    l?????????Content-Language锛???瀹圭??璇?瑷?绫诲??锛?渚?濡?锛?zh-cn锛?

    l?????????Content-Length锛?琛ㄧず??瀹归?垮害锛?eg锛?80锛?????????2.5??搴?澶粹??锛?

    l?????????Content-Location锛?琛ㄧず瀹㈡?峰?褰??板?????绘??????妗o?渚?濡?锛?http://www.dfdf.org/dfdf.html锛?????????2.5??搴?澶粹??锛?

    l?????????Content-MD5锛?MD5?瀹?浣???涓?绉?MD5??瑕?锛??ㄤ??¢???????????瑰???ュ???归?借?$??MD5??瑕?锛??ュ???瑰??惰?$?????间?姝ゅご??涓?浼??????艰?琛?姣?杈???Eg1锛?Content-MD5: <base64 of 128 MD5 digest>??Eg2锛?dfdfdfdfdfdfdff==锛?

    l?????????Content-Range锛????ㄥ??瀹?浣?涓???????锛?????琚????ュ??????浣?浣?涓?楂?浣?瀛?????绉伙?涔?????姝ゅ??浣????婚?垮害??Eg1锛?Content-Range: 1001-2000/5000锛?eg2锛?bytes 2543-4532/7898

    l?????????Content-Type锛??????????????ユ?剁??瀹?浣???MIME绫诲????Eg锛?text/html; charset=GB2312??????涓荤被??/瀛?绫诲??锛?

    l?????????Expires锛?涓?璇???涓?缂?瀛?锛?

    l?????????Last-Modified锛?WEB????″?ㄨ?や负瀵硅薄??????淇??规?堕?达?姣?濡???浠剁??????淇??规?堕?达??ㄦ??椤甸?㈢??????浜х???堕?寸??绛???渚?濡?锛?Last-Modified锛?Tue, 06 May 2008 02:42:43 GMT.

    2.8 ?╁?澶?

    ??TTP娑???涓?锛?涔???浠ヤ娇?ㄤ?浜???HTTP1.1姝e?瑙?????娌℃??瀹?涔???澶村??娈碉?杩?浜?澶村??娈电?绉颁负??瀹?涔???HTTP澶存?????╁?澶达?浠?浠???甯歌?褰?浣???涓?绉?瀹?浣?澶村?????

    ?板?ㄦ?琛???娴?瑙??ㄥ????涓??芥????Cookie,Set-Cookie,Refresh??Content-Disposition绛???涓?甯哥?ㄧ???╁?澶村??娈点??

    l?????????Refresh锛?1;url=http://www.dfdf.org? //杩?1绉?璺宠浆?版??瀹?浣?缃?锛?

    l?????????Content-Disposition锛?澶村??娈?????????2.5??搴?澶粹??锛?

    l?????????Content-Type锛?WEB????″?ㄥ??璇?娴?瑙??ㄨ??宸卞??搴???瀵硅薄??绫诲????

    eg1锛?Content-Type锛?application/xml?锛?

    eg2锛?applicaiton/octet-stream锛?

    Content-Disposition锛?attachment; filename=aaa.zip??

    ????褰?锛?????璧???

    ??HTTP1.1??HTTP1.0???哄????锛?

    http://blog.csdn.net/yanghehong/archive/2009/05/28/4222594.aspx

    ??HTTP璇锋?锛?GET??POST?哄??锛?????搴???锛?

    http://www.blogjava.net/honeybee/articles/164008.html

    ?

    ??HTTP璇锋?澶存?杩??惧害?ラ????锛?

    http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/32517427.html

    ??瀹?浣?澶村???╁?澶淬??锛?

    http://www.cnblogs.com/tongzhiyong/archive/2008/03/16/1108776.html

????澹版??锛?????涓?SDN??涓汇??u010246947??????????绔?锛??靛惊CC 4.0 BY-SA??????璁?锛?杞?杞借?烽??涓??????哄??炬?ュ????澹版????

?????炬?ワ?https://blog.csdn.net/u010246947/article/details/19125325

继续阅读