HTTP協定的詳解

?????闆??锛?http://blog.csdn.net/tianmohust/article/details/6779830

寮?瑷?????????????????????????????????????????

HTTP??涓?涓?灞?浜?搴??ㄥ????㈠??瀵矽薄????璁?锛??變??剁???楓??蹇??????瑰?锛????ㄤ???甯?寮?瓒?濯?浣?淇℃??绯葷???瀹?浜?1990骞存???猴?缁?杩???骞寸??浣跨?ㄤ???灞?锛?寰??頒????闆???????╁?????????WW涓?浣跨?ㄧ????HTTP/1.0??绗?????锛?HTTP/1.1??瑙?????宸ヤ?姝ｅ?ㄨ?琛?涔?涓?锛???涓?HTTP-NG(Next Generation of HTTP)??寤鴻??宸茬????恒??

HTTP??璁???涓昏??圭?瑰??姒???濡?涓?锛?

1.????瀹㈡?????″?ㄦā寮???

2.绠???蹇???锛?瀹㈡?峰?????″?ㄨ?鋒????℃?訛?????浼???璇鋒??規???璺?寰???璇鋒??規?甯哥?ㄧ????GET??HEAD??POST??姣?绉??規?瑙?瀹?浜?瀹㈡?蜂????″?ㄨ??绯葷??绫誨??涓??????變?HTTP??璁?绠???锛?浣垮?HTTP???″?ㄧ??绋?搴?瑙?妯″?锛???????淇￠??搴??蹇???

3.?墊椿锛?HTTP??璁鎬?杈?浠繪??绫誨?????版??瀵矽薄??姝ｅ?ㄤ?杈???绫誨????ontent-Type??浠ユ??璁般??

4.??杩??ワ???杩??ョ????涔??????舵??娆¤??ュ??澶???涓?涓?璇鋒??????″?ㄥ???瀹?瀹㈡?風??璇鋒?锛?骞舵?跺?闆?㈡?風??搴?绛???锛??蟲??寮?杩??ャ?????ㄨ?绉??瑰???浠ヨ????浼?杈??堕?淬??

5.???舵??锛?HTTP??璁??????舵????璁??????舵????????璁?瀵逛?浜??″???娌℃??璁闆??藉????缂哄??舵?????崇??濡?????缁?澶?????瑕????㈢??淇℃??锛???瀹?蹇?椤婚??浼?锛?杩??峰???藉?艱?存??娆¤??ヤ??????版????澧?澶с??????歸????ㄦ???″?ㄤ???瑕?????淇℃???跺????搴?绛?灏辮?蹇????

涓???HTTP??璁?璇?В涔?URL绡?

??? http锛?瓒?????浼?杈???璁?锛???涓?涓??轟?璇鋒?涓???搴?妯″????????舵??????搴??ㄥ?????璁?锛?甯稿?轟?TCP??杩??ユ?瑰?锛?HTTP1.1????涓?缁??轟?绉???缁?杩??ョ???哄?訛?缁?澶у??扮??Web寮???锛??芥????寤哄??TTP??璁?涔?涓???Web搴??ㄣ??

HTTP URL (URL??涓?绉??規??绫誨????URI锛?????浜??ㄤ??ユ?炬??涓?璧?婧???瓒沖???淇℃??)???煎?濡?涓?锛?

http://host[":"port][abs_path]

http琛ㄧず瑕???杩?HTTP??璁??ュ??浣?缃?缁?璧?婧?锛?host琛ㄧず??娉???Internet涓繪?哄????????IP?闆??锛?port??瀹?涓?涓?绔??ｅ?鳳?涓虹┖??浣跨?ㄧ己??绔???0锛?abs_path??瀹?璇鋒?璧?婧???URI锛?濡???URL涓?娌℃??缁???bs_path锛??ｄ?褰?瀹?浣?涓鴻?鋒?URI?訛?蹇?椤諱互??/????褰㈠?缁??猴???甯歌?涓?宸ヤ?娴?瑙??ㄨ???ㄥ府??浠?瀹?????

eg:

1??杈??ワ?www.guet.edu.cn

娴?瑙??ㄨ???ㄨ漿?㈡??锛?http://www.guet.edu.cn/

2??http:192.168.0.116:8080/index.jsp??

浜???HTTP??璁?璇?В涔?璇鋒?绡?

??? http璇鋒??變??ㄥ??缁???锛???????锛?璇鋒?琛???娑????ュご??璇鋒?姝ｆ??

1??璇鋒?琛?浠ヤ?涓??規?绗??峰?澶達?浠ョ┖?煎??寮?锛????㈣???璇鋒???URI????璁???????锛??煎?濡?涓?锛?Method Request-URI HTTP-Version CRLF??

?朵腑 Method琛ㄧず璇鋒??規?锛?Request-URI??涓?涓?缁?涓?璧?婧???璇?绗??HTTP-Version琛ㄧず璇鋒???HTTP??璁?????锛?CRLF琛ㄧず??杞????㈣?锛??や?浣?涓虹?灏劇??CRLF澶?锛?涓???璁稿?虹?闆??????CR??LF瀛?绗????

璇鋒??規?锛??????規??ㄤ負澶у??锛???澶?绉?锛???涓??規???瑙ｉ??濡?涓?锛?

GET???? 璇鋒??峰??Request-URI????璇???璧?婧?

POST??? ??equest-URI????璇???璧?婧????????扮???版??

HEAD??? 璇鋒??峰????equest-URI????璇???璧?婧?????搴?娑????ュご

PUT???? 璇鋒????″?ㄥ???ㄤ?涓?璧?婧?锛?骞剁??equest-URI浣?涓哄?舵??璇?

DELETE? 璇鋒????″?ㄥ????equest-URI????璇???璧?婧?

TRACE?? 璇鋒????″?ㄥ?????跺?扮??璇鋒?淇℃??锛?涓昏??ㄤ?娴?璇???璇???

CONNECT 淇???灏??ヤ嬌?? OPTIONS 璇鋒??ヨ?㈡???″?ㄧ???ц?斤??????ヨ???璧?婧??稿?崇????椤瑰????姹?

搴??ㄤ婦渚?锛?

GET?規?锛??ㄦ?瑙??ㄧ???闆????涓?杈??ョ??????瑰?璁塊??缃?椤墊?訛?娴?瑙??ㄩ????ET?規??????″?ㄨ?峰??璧?婧?锛?eg:GET /form.html HTTP/1.1 (CRLF)

POST?規?瑕?姹?琚?璇鋒????″?ㄦ?ュ?????ㄨ?鋒????㈢???版??锛?甯哥?ㄤ???浜よ〃????

eg锛?POST /reg.jsp HTTP/ (CRLF)

Accept:image/gif,image/x-xbit,... (CRLF)

...

HOST:www.guet.edu.cn (CRLF)

Content-Length:22 (CRLF)

Connection:Keep-Alive (CRLF)

Cache-Control:no-cache (CRLF)

(CRLF)???????? //璇?RLF琛ㄧず娑????ュご宸茬?缁???锛??ㄦ?や???涓烘????ュご

user=jeffrey&pwd=1234? //姝よ?浠ヤ?涓烘??浜ょ???版??

HEAD?規?涓?GET?規???涔???涓??風??锛?瀵逛?HEAD璇鋒?????搴??ㄥ???ヨ?達?瀹???HTTP澶撮?ㄤ腑??????淇℃??涓???杩?GET璇鋒???寰??扮??淇℃?????稿???????╃?ㄨ?涓??規?锛?涓?蹇?浼?杈??翠釜璧?婧???瀹癸?灏卞??浠ュ???equest-URI????璇???璧?婧???淇℃????璇ユ?規?甯哥?ㄤ?娴?璇?瓒??炬?ョ???????э???????浠ヨ?塊??锛?浠ュ????杩??????存?般??

2??璇鋒??ュご??杩? 3??璇鋒?姝ｆ??(????

涓???HTTP??璁?璇?В涔???搴?绡?

??? ?ㄦ?ユ?跺??瑙ｉ??璇鋒?娑?????锛????″?ㄨ???涓?涓?HTTP??搴?娑?????

HTTP??搴?涔????變?涓??ㄥ??缁???锛???????锛??舵??琛???娑????ュご????搴?姝ｆ??

1???舵??琛??煎?濡?涓?锛?

HTTP-Version Status-Code Reason-Phrase CRLF

?朵腑锛?HTTP-Version琛ㄧず???″??TTP??璁???????锛?Status-Code琛ㄧず???″?ㄥ????????搴??舵??浠ｇ??锛?Reason-Phrase琛ㄧず?舵??浠ｇ??????????杩般??

?舵??浠ｇ????涓?浣??闆??缁???锛?绗?涓?涓??闆??瀹?涔?浜???搴???绫誨??锛?涓???浜?绉????藉???鹼?

1xx锛???绀轟俊??--琛ㄧず璇鋒?宸叉?ユ?訛?缁х畫澶???

2xx锛?????--琛ㄧず璇鋒?宸茶??????ユ?躲????瑙ｃ???ュ??

3xx锛???瀹???--瑕?瀹???璇鋒?蹇?椤昏?琛??磋?涓?姝ョ????浣?

4xx锛?瀹㈡?風????璇?--璇鋒???璇?娉???璇???璇鋒???娉?瀹??? 5xx锛????″?ㄧ????璇?--???″?ㄦ???藉???闆??娉???璇鋒?

甯歌??舵??浠ｇ?????舵????杩般??璇存??锛?

200 OK????? //瀹㈡?風??璇鋒?????

400 Bad Request? //瀹㈡?風??璇鋒???璇?娉???璇?锛?涓??借????″?ㄦ????瑙? 401 Unauthorized //璇鋒???缁?????锛?杩?涓??舵??浠ｇ??蹇?椤誨??WWW-Authenticate?ュご??涓?璧蜂嬌???

403 Forbidden? //???″?ㄦ?跺?拌?鋒?锛?浣?????缁???渚????? 404 Not Found? //璇鋒?璧?婧?涓?瀛????eg锛?杈??ヤ???璇???URL

500 Internal Server Error //???″?ㄥ????涓???棰???????璇?

503 Server Unavailable? //???″?ㄥ???涓??藉???瀹㈡?風????璇鋒?锛?涓?娈墊?堕?村?????芥?㈠?姝ｅ父

eg锛?HTTP/1.1 200 OK 锛?CRLF锛?

2????搴??ュご??杩?

3????搴?姝ｆ??灏辨?????″?ㄨ?????璧?婧?????瀹孤?

????HTTP??璁?璇?В涔?娑????ュご绡?

??? HTTP娑????卞?㈡?風???版???″?ㄧ??璇鋒??????″?ㄥ?闆?㈡?風??????搴?缁?????璇鋒?娑???????搴?娑????芥???卞?濮?琛?锛?瀵逛?璇鋒?娑???锛?寮?濮?琛?灏辨??璇鋒?琛?锛?瀵逛???搴?娑???锛?寮?濮?琛?灏辨???舵??琛?锛?锛?娑????ュご锛?????锛?锛?绌鴻?锛?????CRLF??琛?锛?锛?娑???姝ｆ??锛?????锛?缁?????

HTTP娑????ュご?????????ュご??璇鋒??ュご????搴??ュご??瀹?浣??ュご??

姣?涓?涓??ュご???芥???卞??瀛?+??锛???+绌烘????缁???锛?娑????ュご??????瀛???澶у??????崇????

1???????ュご

?ㄦ?????ュご涓?锛???灏??版?ュご???ㄤ???????璇鋒?????搴?娑???锛?浣?骞朵??ㄤ?琚?浼?杈???瀹?浣?锛????ㄤ?浼?杈???娑?????

eg锛?

Cache-Control?? ?ㄤ???瀹?缂?瀛???浠わ?缂?瀛???浠ゆ????????锛???搴?涓??虹?扮??缂?瀛???浠ゅ?ㄨ?鋒?涓???蹇?浼??虹?幫?锛?涓?????绔???锛?涓?涓?娑?????缂?瀛???浠や?浼?褰卞?????涓?娑???澶?????缂?瀛??哄?訛?锛?HTTP1.0浣跨?ㄧ??绫諱技???ュご??涓?ragma??

璇鋒??剁??缂?瀛???浠ゅ????锛?no-cache锛??ㄤ???绀鴻?鋒?????搴?娑???涓??界?瀛?锛???no-store??max-age??max-stale??min-fresh??only-if-cached;

??搴??剁??缂?瀛???浠ゅ????锛?public??private??no-cache??no-store??no-transform??must-revalidate??proxy-revalidate??max-age??s-maxage.

eg锛?涓轟???绀?E娴?瑙????瀹㈡?風??锛?涓?瑕?缂?瀛?椤甸??????″?ㄧ????JSP绋?搴???浠ョ???濡?涓?锛?response.sehHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache");

//response.setHeader("Pragma","no-cache");浣??ㄧ?稿?浜?涓?杩頒唬??锛???甯鎬袱??//???? 杩??ヤ唬??灏??ㄥ????????搴?娑???涓?璁劇疆?????ュご??锛?Cache-Control:no-cache

Date?????ュご??琛ㄧず娑???浜х?????ユ?????堕??

Connection?????ュご????璁稿??????瀹?杩??ョ????椤廣??渚?濡???瀹?杩??ユ??杩?缁?锛???????瀹???close????椤癸????ユ???″????ㄥ??搴?瀹?????锛??抽??杩???

2??璇鋒??ュご

璇鋒??ュご??璁稿?㈡?風???????″?ㄧ??浼???璇鋒???????淇℃??浠ュ??瀹㈡?風????韬???淇℃????

甯哥?ㄧ??璇鋒??ュご

Accept

Accept璇鋒??ュご???ㄤ???瀹?瀹㈡?風???ュ????浜?绫誨????淇℃????eg锛?Accept锛?image/gif锛?琛ㄦ??瀹㈡?風??甯????ュ??GIF?捐薄?煎???璧?婧?锛?Accept锛?text/html锛?琛ㄦ??瀹㈡?風??甯????ュ??html??????

Accept-Charset

Accept-Charset璇鋒??ュご???ㄤ???瀹?瀹㈡?風???ュ????瀛?绗?????eg锛?Accept-Charset:iso-8859-1,gb2312.濡????ㄨ?鋒?娑???涓?娌℃??璁劇疆杩?涓???锛?缂虹????浠諱?瀛?绗????藉??浠ユ?ュ????

Accept-Encoding

Accept-Encoding璇鋒??ュご??绫諱技浜?Accept锛?浣???瀹????ㄤ???瀹????ュ??????瀹圭?????eg锛?Accept-Encoding:gzip.deflate.濡???璇鋒?娑???涓?娌℃??璁劇疆杩?涓??????″?ㄥ??瀹?瀹㈡?風??瀵瑰??绉???瀹圭????藉??浠ユ?ュ????

Accept-Language

Accept-Language璇鋒??ュご??绫諱技浜?Accept锛?浣???瀹????ㄤ???瀹?涓?绉????惰??瑷???eg锛?Accept-Language:zh-cn.濡???璇鋒?娑???涓?娌℃??璁劇疆杩?涓??ュご??锛????″?ㄥ??瀹?瀹㈡?風??瀵瑰??绉?璇?瑷??藉??浠ユ?ュ????

Authorization

Authorization璇鋒??ュご??涓昏??ㄤ?璇???瀹㈡?風???????ョ????涓?璧?婧???褰?娴?瑙??ㄨ?塊??涓?涓?椤甸?㈡?訛?濡????跺?版???″?ㄧ????搴?浠ｇ??涓?01锛???????锛?锛???浠ュ????涓?涓?????Authorization璇鋒??ュご????璇鋒?锛?瑕?姹????″?ㄥ?瑰?惰?琛?楠?璇???

Host锛?????璇鋒??訛?璇ユ?ュご????蹇?????锛?

Host璇鋒??ュご??涓昏??ㄤ???瀹?琚?璇鋒?璧?婧???Internet涓繪?哄??绔??ｅ?鳳?瀹???甯鎬?HTTP URL涓??????烘?ョ??锛?eg锛?

??浠??ㄦ?瑙??ㄤ腑杈??ワ?http://www.guet.edu.cn/index.html

娴?瑙??ㄥ??????璇鋒?娑???涓?锛?灏變?????Host璇鋒??ュご??锛?濡?涓?锛?

Host锛?www.guet.edu.cn

姝ゅ?浣跨?ㄧ己??绔??ｅ??0锛??ユ??瀹?浜?绔??ｅ?鳳???????锛?Host锛?www.guet.edu.cn:??瀹?绔??ｅ?? User-Agent

??浠?涓?缃??婚??璁哄?????跺??锛?寰?寰?浼????頒?浜?娆㈣?淇℃??锛??朵腑???轟?浣?????浣?绯葷?????绉闆??????锛?浣???浣跨?ㄧ??娴?瑙??ㄧ????绉闆??????锛?杩?寰?寰?璁╁?澶?浜烘???闆?绁?濂?锛?瀹???涓?锛????″?ㄥ??ㄧ?搴?灏辨??浠?User-Agent杩?涓?璇鋒??ュご??涓??峰???拌?浜?淇℃????User-Agent璇鋒??ュご????璁稿?㈡?風??灏?瀹?????浣?绯葷???娴?瑙??ㄥ???跺??灞??у??璇????″?ㄣ??涓?杩?锛?杩?涓??ュご??涓???蹇?????锛?濡?????浠???宸辯???涓?涓?娴?瑙????涓?浣跨??ser-Agent璇鋒??ュご??锛??ｄ????″?ㄧ??灏辨??娉?寰??ユ??浠???淇℃??浜???

璇鋒??ュご涓句?锛?

GET /form.html HTTP/1.1 (CRLF)

Accept:image/gif,image/x-xbitmap,image/jpeg,application/x-shockwave-flash,application/vnd.ms-excel,application/vnd.ms-powerpoint,application/msword,*

??? open?www.guet.edu.cn?80?

???

??? GET /index.asp HTTP/1.0? //璇鋒?璧?婧?????瀹? ??? Host:www.guet.edu.cn??

2.2 open?www.sina.com.cn?80? //?ㄥ?戒護??绀虹???蜂??存?ヨ???elnet?www.sina.com.cn?80

??? HEAD /index.asp HTTP/1.0

??? Host:www.sina.com.cn?

3 瀹?楠?缁???锛?

3.1 璇鋒?淇℃??2.1寰??扮????搴???:

HTTP/1.1 200 OK????????????????????????????????????????????? //璇鋒?????

Server: Microsoft-IIS/5.0??????????????????????????????????? //web???″?? Date: Thu,08 Mar 200707:17:51 GMT

Connection: Keep-Alive?????????????????????????????????

Content-Length: 23330

Content-Type: text/html

Expries: Thu,08 Mar 2007 07:16:51 GMT

Set-Cookie: ASPSESSIONIDQAQBQQQB=BEJCDGKADEDJKLKKAJEOIMMH; path=/

Cache-control: private

//璧?婧???瀹圭????

3.2 璇鋒?淇℃??2.2寰??扮????搴???:

HTTP/1.0 404 Not Found?????? //璇鋒?澶辮觸

Date: Thu, 08 Mar 2007 07:50:50 GMT

Server: Apache/2.0.54 <Unix>

Last-Modified: Thu, 30 Nov 2006 11:35:41 GMT

ETag: "6277a-415-e7c76980"

Accept-Ranges: bytes

X-Powered-By: mod_xlayout_jh/0.0.1vhs.markII.remix

Vary: Accept-Encoding

Content-Type: text/html

X-Cache: MISS from zjm152-78.sina.com.cn

Via: 1.0 zjm152-78.sina.com.cn:80<squid/2.6.STABLES-20061207>

X-Cache: MISS from th-143.sina.com.cn

Connection: close

澶卞?諱?璺?涓繪?虹??杩???

??浠繪????缁х畫...

3 .姣?濡???浠?????E娴?瑙????璁塊??涓?涓?缃?绔?锛??ㄦ???″?ㄧ????杩?socket??浠????風??淇℃??濡?涓?锛?

[cpp]? view plain copy

1. //涓??㈡?????風??Get?戒護锛???
2. ??
3. GET?/?HTTP/1.1??
4. Accept:?image/gif,?image/x-xbitmap,?image/jpeg,?image/pjpeg,?application/x-shockwave-flash,?application/vnd.ms-excel,???
5. ??

6. application/vnd.ms-powerpoint,?application/msword,?**

   ????Pragma: no-cache

   ????Cache-Control: no-cache

   ????Referer: http://download.microtool.de/

   ????User-Agent: Mozilla/4.04[en](Win95;I;Nav)

   ????Range: bytes=554554-

   ????涓?渚?绗?涓?琛?琛ㄧずHTTP瀹㈡?風??锛????芥??娴?瑙??ㄣ??涓?杞界?搴?锛???杩?GET?規??峰???瀹?URL涓?????浠躲??妫??茬???ㄥ??琛ㄧず璇鋒?澶村????淇℃??锛?缁胯?茬???ㄥ??琛ㄧず???ㄥご?ㄥ????

   ????Host澶村??

   ????Host澶村????瀹?璇鋒?璧?婧???Intenet涓繪?哄??绔??ｅ?鳳?蹇?椤昏〃绀鴻?鋒?url????濮????″?ㄦ??缃??崇??浣?缃???HTTP/1.1璇鋒?蹇?椤誨????涓繪?哄ご??锛?????绯葷?浼?浠?00?舵????杩?????

   ????Referer澶村??

   ????Referer澶村????璁稿?㈡?風????瀹?璇鋒?uri??婧?璧?婧??闆??锛?杩???浠ュ??璁告???″?ㄧ?????????捐〃锛????ㄦ?ョ?婚????浼???cache绛???浠?涔???璁稿??ょ??????璇???杩??ョ?變?缁存?ょ??????琚?杩借釜??濡???璇鋒???uri娌℃????宸辯??uri?闆??锛?Referer涓??借???????濡?????瀹??????ㄥ??uri?闆??锛???姝ゅ?闆??搴?璇ユ??涓?涓??稿?瑰?闆????

   ????Range澶村??

   ????Range澶村????浠ヨ?鋒?瀹?浣???涓?涓?????澶?涓?瀛????淬??渚?濡?锛?

   ????琛ㄧず澶?00涓?瀛???锛?bytes=0-499

   ????琛ㄧず绗?浜?涓?500瀛???锛?bytes=500-999

   ????琛ㄧず????500涓?瀛???锛?bytes=-500

   ????琛ㄧず500瀛???浠ュ???????達?bytes=500-

   ????绗?涓?涓???????涓?涓?瀛???锛?bytes=0-0,-1

   ???????舵??瀹???涓????達?bytes=500-600,601-999

   ????浣??????″?ㄥ??浠ュ拷?ユ?よ?鋒?澶達?濡??????′歡GET????Range璇鋒?澶達???搴?浼?浠ョ?舵????206锛?PartialContent锛?杩?????涓???浠?00锛?OK锛???

   ????User-Agent澶村??

   ????User-Agent澶村??????瀹瑰???????鴻?鋒????ㄦ?蜂俊????

   ??????搴?娑???

   ??????搴?娑?????绗?涓?琛?涓轟??㈢???煎?锛?

   ????HTTP-VersionSPStatus-CodeSPReason-PhraseCRLF

   ????HTTP-Version琛ㄧず??????HTTP????锛?渚?濡?涓?TTP/1.1??Status-Code??涓?涓?涓?涓??闆????缁???浠ｇ????Reason-Phrase缁?Status-Code??渚?涓?涓?绠???????????杩般??Status-Code涓昏??ㄤ??哄?ㄨ???ㄨ????锛?Reason-Phrase涓昏??ㄤ?甯??╃?ㄦ?風??瑙ｃ??Status-Code??绗?涓?涓??闆??瀹?涔???搴???绫誨??锛???涓や釜?闆??娌℃????绫葷??浣??ㄣ??绗?涓?涓??闆?????藉??5涓?涓??????鹼?

   ????1xx:淇℃????搴?绫夥?琛ㄧず?ユ?跺?拌?鋒?骞朵?缁х畫澶???

   ????2xx:澶?????????搴?绫夥?琛ㄧず?ㄤ?琚??????ユ?躲????瑙ｅ???ュ??

   ????3xx:??瀹?????搴?绫夥?涓轟?瀹?????瀹????ㄤ?锛?蹇?椤繪?ュ??杩?涓?姝ュ???

   ????4xx:瀹㈡?風????璇?锛?瀹㈡?瘋?鋒?????璇?娉???璇???????涓??芥?ｇ‘?ц?

   ????5xx:???＄????璇?锛????″?ㄤ??芥?ｇ‘?ц?涓?涓?姝ｇ‘??璇鋒?

   ??????搴?澶村????璁告???″?ㄤ???涓??芥?懼?ㄧ?舵??琛???????淇℃??锛?杩?浜???涓昏???杩版???″?ㄧ??淇℃????Request-URI杩?涓?姝ョ??淇℃??????搴?澶村??????Age??Location??Proxy-Authenticate??Public??Retry-After??Server??Vary??Warning??WWW-Authenticate??瀵瑰??搴?澶村?????╁?瑕?姹???璁????歸?芥????锛?濡???瀛??ㄤ?????????搴?澶村??锛?涓???灏?浼?浣?涓哄??浣?澶村??澶?????

   ?????稿??????搴?娑???锛?

   ????HTTP/1.0200OK

   ????Date:Mon,31Dec200104:25:57GMT

   ????Server:Apache/1.3.14(Unix)

   ????Content-type:text/html

   ????Last-modified:Tue,17Apr200106:46:28GMT

   ????Etag:"a030f020ac7c01:1e9f"

   ????Content-length:39725426

   ????Content-range:bytes554554-40279979/40279980

   ????涓?渚?绗?涓?琛?琛ㄧずHTTP???＄????搴?涓?涓?GET?規???妫??茬???ㄥ??琛ㄧず??搴?澶村????淇℃??锛?缁胯?茬???ㄥ??琛ㄧず???ㄥご?ㄥ??锛?绾㈣?茬???ㄥ??琛ㄧず瀹?浣?澶村????淇℃????

   ????Location??搴?澶?

   ????Location??搴?澶寸?ㄤ???瀹????ユ?惰???頒?涓???RI?闆????

   ????Server??搴?澶?

   ????Server??搴?澶村????澶???璇鋒?????濮????″?ㄧ??杞?浠朵俊????姝ゅ???藉????澶?涓?浜у????璇???娉ㄩ??锛?浜у????璇?涓??????ч??瑕??ф??搴???

   ????HTTP-杩?浣??瑰?

   ????HTTP??璁????轟?璇鋒?锛???搴???寮?????涓?涓?瀹㈡?鋒?轟????″?ㄥ緩绔?杩??ュ??锛?????涓?涓?璇鋒?缁????″???璇鋒??瑰????煎?涓猴?缁?涓?璧?婧???璇?绗?????璁??????鳳???杈規??MIME淇℃??????璇鋒?淇?楗扮????瀹㈡?鋒?轟俊???????界????瀹廣?????″?ㄦ?ュ?拌?鋒???锛?缁?浜??稿?????搴?淇℃??锛??舵?煎?涓轟?涓??舵??琛?????淇℃??????璁??????楓??涓?涓?????????璇???浠ｇ??锛???杈規??MIME淇℃?????????″?ㄤ俊????瀹?浣?淇℃???????界????瀹廣??

   ????璁稿?HTTP??璁????變?涓??ㄦ?蜂唬????濮?????骞朵?????涓?涓??寵?峰?ㄦ????″?ㄤ?璧?婧???璇鋒?????绠????????靛???芥???ㄧ?ㄦ?蜂唬??(UA)??婧????″??O)涔??撮??杩?涓?涓???????杩??ユ?ュ??????

   ????褰?涓?涓???澶?涓?涓?浠??虹?闆?ㄨ?鋒?锛???搴??句腑?訛????靛氨??寰?澶???涓?浜???涓?浠??變?绉?锛?浠ｇ??(Proxy)??缃???Gateway)??????(Tunnel)??涓?涓?浠ｇ???規??URI??缁?瀵規?煎??ユ?ュ??璇鋒?锛??????ㄩ?ㄦ???ㄥ??娑???锛???杩?URI????璇???宸叉?煎???杩???璇鋒??????版???″?ㄣ??缃??蟲??涓?涓??ユ?朵唬??锛?浣?涓轟?浜??跺?????″?ㄧ??涓?灞?锛?骞朵?濡???蹇?椤葷??璇?锛???浠ユ??璇鋒?缈昏??缁?涓?灞??????″?ㄥ??璁???涓?涓?????浣?涓轟??瑰??娑?????涓や釜杩??ヤ??寸??涓?缁х?廣??褰???璁???瑕???杩?涓?涓?涓?浠?(渚?濡?锛??茬??澧?绛?)??????涓?浠?涓??借????娑???????瀹規?訛?????缁?甯歌?浣跨??

   ????瀹?浣?

   ????璇鋒?娑???????搴?娑????藉??浠ュ????瀹?浣?淇℃??锛?瀹?浣?淇℃??涓????卞??浣?澶村????瀹?浣?缁?????瀹?浣?澶村???????充?瀹?浣?????淇℃??锛?瀹?浣?澶村????Allow??Content-Base??Content-Encoding??Content-Language??Content-Length??Content-Location??Content-MD5??Content-Range??Content-Type??Etag??Expires??Last-Modified??extension-header??extension-header??璁稿?㈡?風??瀹?涔??扮??瀹?浣?澶達?浣???杩?浜??????芥??娉????ュ???矽??????瀹?浣???浠ユ??涓?涓?缁?杩?缂?????瀛???娴?锛?瀹???缂????瑰???ontent-Encoding??Content-Type瀹?涔?锛?瀹????垮害??ontent-Length??Content-Range瀹?涔???

   ????Content-Type瀹?浣?澶?

   ????Content-Type瀹?浣?澶寸?ㄤ????ユ?舵?規??绀哄??浣???浠?璐ㄧ被??锛???瀹?HEAD?規????版?ユ?舵?圭??瀹?浣?浠?璐ㄧ被??锛???GET?規???????璇鋒?浠?璐ㄧ被??Content-Range瀹?浣?澶?

   ????Content-Range瀹?浣?澶寸?ㄤ???瀹??翠釜瀹?浣?涓???涓??ㄥ???????ヤ?缃?锛?浠?涔???绀轟??翠釜瀹?浣????垮害???ㄦ???″?ㄥ??瀹㈡?瘋???涓?涓??ㄥ????搴?锛?瀹?蹇?椤繪??杩闆??搴?瑕????????村???翠釜瀹?浣??垮害??涓????煎?锛?

   ????Content-Range:bytes-unitSPfirst-byte-pos-last-byte-pos/entity-legth

   ????渚?濡?锛?浼???澶?00涓?瀛???娆″??娈電??褰㈠?锛?Content-Range:bytes0-499/1234濡???涓?涓?http娑???????姝よ??锛?渚?濡?锛?瀵矽???磋?鋒?????搴???瀵逛?绯誨?????寸??????璇鋒?锛?锛?Content-Range琛ㄧず浼????????達?Content-Length琛ㄧず瀹???浼?????瀛????般??

   ????Last-modified瀹?浣?澶?

   ????Last-modified瀹?浣?澶存??瀹????″?ㄤ?淇?瀛???瀹圭??????淇?璁㈡?堕?淬??

   ????渚?濡?锛?浼???澶?00涓?瀛???娆″??娈電??褰㈠?锛?Content-Range:bytes0-499/1234濡???涓?涓?http娑???????姝よ??锛?渚?濡?锛?瀵矽???磋?鋒?????搴???瀵逛?绯誨?????寸??????璇鋒?锛?锛?Content-Range琛ㄧず浼????????達?Content-Length琛ㄧず瀹???浼?????瀛????般??

   ????Last-modified瀹?浣?澶綽?

   http??璁?缁???

   ????HTTP?ユ???變?瀹㈡?鋒?哄?版???″?ㄧ??璇鋒???浠????″?ㄥ?闆?㈡?鋒?虹????搴???????璇鋒??ユ???煎?濡?涓?锛?

   ????璇鋒?琛? 锛? ???ㄤ俊??澶?锛? 璇鋒?澶?锛? 瀹?浣?澶?锛? ?ユ??涓諱?

   ????璇鋒?琛?浠ユ?規?瀛?娈靛?濮?锛????㈠?????? URL 瀛?娈靛?? HTTP ??璁?????瀛?娈碉?骞朵互 CRLF 缁?灏俱??SP ??????绗????や??ㄦ?????? CRLF 搴???涓? CF ?? LF ??蹇?????涔?澶?锛??朵??藉??浠ヤ?瑕??????抽???ㄤ俊??澶達?璇鋒?澶村??瀹?浣?澶存?歸?㈢???蜂???瀹瑰??浠ュ???х?稿?蟲??浠躲??

   ????搴??ユ???煎?濡?涓?锛?

   ?????舵??琛? 锛? ???ㄤ俊??澶?锛? ??搴?澶?锛? 瀹?浣?澶?锛? ?ユ??涓諱?

   ?舵????????浣??闆??缁???锛?琛ㄧず璇鋒????????瑙ｆ??琚?婊¤凍????????????瀵瑰???????舵????浣?绠???????杩幫??舵?????ㄦ?ユ???????ㄦ??浣?锛????????????ㄦ?ヤ??ㄦ?蜂嬌?ㄣ??瀹㈡?鋒?烘?????ㄦ?ユ??ユ???劇ず璇?娉??????抽???ㄤ俊??澶達???搴?澶村??瀹?浣?澶存?歸?㈢???蜂???瀹瑰??浠ュ???х?稿?蟲??浠躲???

   HTTP??璇?浠ｇ??璇??浠?缁?

   ????"100" : Continue

   ????"101" : witching Protocols

   ????"200" : OK

   ????"201" : Created

   ????"202" : Accepted

   ????"203" : Non-Authoritative Information

   ????"204" : No Content

   ????"205" : Reset Content

   ????"206" : Partial Content

   ????"300" : Multiple Choices

   ????"301" : Moved Permanently

   ????"302" : Found

   ????"303" : See Other

   ????"304" : Not Modified

   ????"305" : Use Proxy

   ????"307" : Temporary Redirect

   ????HTTP 400 - 璇鋒?????

   ????HTTP 401.1 - ??????锛??誨?澶辮觸

   ????HTTP 401.2 - ??????锛????″?ㄩ??缃???棰?瀵艱?寸?誨?澶辮觸

   ????HTTP 401.3 - ACL 绂?姝㈣?塊??璧?婧?

   ????HTTP 401.4 - ??????锛?????琚?绛????ㄦ??缁?

   ????HTTP 401.5 - ??????锛?ISAPI ?? CGI ????澶辮觸

   ????HTTP 403 - 绂?姝㈣?塊??

   ????HTTP 403 - 瀵?Internet ???＄?＄????(HTML) ??璁塊??浠???浜? Localhost

   ????HTTP 403.1 绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?绂?姝㈠???ц?璁塊??

   ????HTTP 403.2 - 绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?绂?姝㈣?昏?塊??

   ????HTTP 403.3 - 绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?绂?姝㈠??璁塊??

   ????HTTP 403.4 - 绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?瑕?姹? SSL

   ????HTTP 403.5 - 绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?瑕?姹? SSL 128

   ????HTTP 403.6 - 绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?IP ?闆??琚???缁?

   ????HTTP 403.7 - 绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?瑕?姹?瀹㈡?瘋??涔?

   ????HTTP 403.8 - 绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?绂?姝㈢???矽?塊??

   ????HTTP 403.9 - 绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?杩??ョ???ㄦ?瘋?澶?

   ????HTTP 403.10 - 绂?姝㈣?塊??锛???缃?????

   ????HTTP 403.11 - 绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?瀵????存??

   ????HTTP 403.12 - 绂?姝㈣?塊??锛???灏??ㄦ??缁?璁塊??

   ????HTTP 403.13 - 绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?瀹㈡?瘋??涔?凡琚?????

   ????HTTP 403.15 - 绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?瀹㈡?瘋?塊??璁稿??杩?澶?

   ????HTTP 403.16 - 绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?瀹㈡?瘋??涔????淇℃????????

   ????HTTP 403.17 - 绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?瀹㈡?瘋??涔?凡缁??版??????灏???????

   ????HTTP 404.1 - ??娉??懼??Web 绔???

   ????HTTP 404 - ??娉??懼?版??浠?

   ????HTTP 405 - 璧?婧?琚?绂?姝?

   ????HTTP 406 - ??娉??ュ??

   ????HTTP 407 - 瑕?姹?浠ｇ??韬?浠介??璇?

   ????HTTP 410 - 姘歌?涓?????

   ????HTTP 412 - ???蟲?′歡澶辮觸

   ????HTTP 414 - 璇鋒? - URI 澶???

   ????HTTP 500 - ???ㄦ???″?ㄩ??璇?

   ????HTTP 500.100 - ???ㄦ???″?ㄩ??璇? - ASP ??璇?

   ????HTTP 500-11 ???″?ㄥ?抽??

   ????HTTP 500-12 搴??ㄧ?搴????闆????

   ????HTTP 500-13 - ???″?ㄥお蹇?

   ????HTTP 500-14 - 搴??ㄧ?搴?????

   ????HTTP 500-15 - 涓???璁歌?鋒? global.asa

   ????Error 501 - ??瀹???

   HTTP 502 - 缃??抽??璇??

   ??璁???????

   ????瓒?????浼?杈???璁?宸茬?婕????轟?寰?澶?????锛?瀹?浠?涓???澶ч?ㄥ???芥????涓??煎?圭??????FC 2145涓???杩頒?HTTP?????風???ㄦ???瀹㈡?風???ㄨ?鋒???寮?濮???璇????″?ㄥ?????ㄧ????璁??????鳳??????????ㄥ??搴?涓????ㄧ?稿???????存?╃????璁???????

   ????0.9

   ????宸茶??躲?????ュ?? GET 涓?绉?璇鋒??規?锛?娌℃???ㄩ??璁?涓???瀹??????鳳?涓?涓?????璇鋒?澶淬???變?璇ョ????涓????? POST ?規?锛???浠ュ?㈡?風????娉??????″?ㄤ???澶?澶?淇℃????

   ????HTTP/1.0

   ????杩???绗?涓?涓??ㄩ??璁?涓???瀹??????風?? HTTP ??璁?????锛??充?浠?琚?骞挎???????瑰?????ㄤ唬?????″?ㄤ腑??

   ????HTTP/1.1

   ????褰???????????涔?杩??ヨ?榛?璁ら?????骞惰?藉?濂藉?伴????浠ｇ?????″?ㄥ伐浣???杩?????浠ョ?￠???瑰??ㄥ???跺????澶?涓?璇鋒?锛?浠ヤ究??浣?绾胯礬璐?杞斤???楂?浼?杈???搴???

   ????HTTP/1.1?歌?浜? HTTP/1.0 ??璁????哄??涓昏?浣??闆???

   ????1 缂?瀛?澶???

   ????2 甯??戒?????缃?缁?杩??ョ??浣跨??

   ????3 ??璇????ョ??绠＄??

   ????4 娑????ㄧ?缁?涓???????

   ????5 浜???缃??闆????缁存??

   ????6 瀹??ㄦ?у??瀹??存??

   浠ヤ???绔?杞?杞斤?http://www.cnblogs.com/li0803/archive/2008/11/03/1324746.html锛??ㄦ?よ〃绀烘??璋??

   HTTP??璁?绯葷?瀛??

   2.1? HTTP/1.0 ?? HTTP/1.1 ??姣?杈?

   RFC 1945瀹?涔?浜?HTTP/1.0????锛?RFC 2616瀹?涔?浜?HTTP/1.1??????

   绗?????log涓???渚?浜?杩?涓や釜RFC涓???????涓?杞藉?闆????

   RFC1945涓?杞藉?闆??锛?

   http://www.blogjava.net/Files/amigoxie/RFC1945锛?HTTP锛?涓?????.rar

   RFC2616涓?杞藉?闆??锛?

   http://www.blogjava.net/Files/amigoxie/RFC2616锛?HTTP锛?涓?????.rar

   2.1.1 寤虹??杩??ユ?歸??

   HTTP/1.0?姣?娆¤?鋒??介??瑕?寤虹???扮??TCP杩??ワ?杩??ヤ??藉??ㄣ??HTTP/1.1??扮??璇鋒???浠ュ?ㄤ?娆¤?鋒?寤虹????TCP杩??ヤ?涓?????锛?杩??ュ??浠ュ??ㄣ??浼??規????灏???澶?杩?琛?TCP涓?娆℃?℃????寮???锛???楂???????

   娉ㄦ??锛??ㄥ??涓?涓?TCP杩??ヤ腑锛??扮??璇鋒???瑕?绛?涓?娆¤?鋒??跺?闆??搴???锛????藉??????

   2.1.2 ?Host ??

   HTTP1.1??equest娑???澶撮??澶村?浜?涓?涓?Host??, HTTP1.0??娌℃??杩?涓?????

   Eg锛?

   

   ????GET?/pub/WWW/TheProject.html?HTTP/1.1

   

   ????Host:?www.w3.org

   

   ????????TTP1.0???跺??璁や負锛?寤虹??TCP杩??ョ???跺??宸茬???瀹?浜?IP?闆??锛?杩?涓?IP?闆??涓?????涓?涓?host??

   2.1.3 ?ユ???堕?存??

   (?ユ?舵?瑰??)

   ??璁烘??HTTP1.0杩???HTTP1.1锛??借??借В??涓????绉?date/time stamp锛?

   

   Sun,?06?Nov?1994?08:49:37?GMT?;?RFC?822,?updated?by?RFC?1123

   

   Sunday,?06-Nov-94?08:49:37?GMT?;?RFC?850,?obsoleted?by?RFC?1036

   

   Sun?Nov?6?08:49:37?1994???????;?ANSI?C's?asctime()?format

   ?????? (?????瑰??)

   HTTP1.0瑕?姹?涓??界????绗?涓?绉?asctime?煎???date/time stamp锛?

   HTTP1.1??瑕?姹???????RFC 1123(绗?涓?绉?)?煎???date/time stamp??

   2.1.4 ?舵????搴???

   ?舵????搴???100 (Continue)??舵??浠ｇ????浣跨?????璁稿?㈡?風???ㄥ??request娑???body涔???????equest header璇????涓?server锛???server瑕?涓?瑕??ユ??equest body锛????沖??瑕?涓?瑕???request body??

   瀹㈡?風????equest澶撮?ㄤ腑????

   

   Expect:?100-continue

   ?????? Server???頒????㈠?????100 (Continue)?杩?涓??舵??浠ｇ??锛?瀹㈡?風??灏辯戶缁???request body??杩?涓???HTTP1.1????????

   ?????TTP/1.1涓?杩?澧???浜?101??203??205绛?绛??х?舵????搴???

   2.1.5 璇鋒??瑰?

   HTTP1.1澧???浜?OPTIONS, PUT, DELETE, TRACE, CONNECT杩?浜?Request?規?.

   ?????? Method???????? = "OPTIONS"??????????????? ; Section 9.2

   ????????????????????? | "GET"??????????????????? ; Section 9.3

   ????????????????????? | "HEAD"?????????????????? ; Section 9.4

   ????????????????????? | "POST"?????????????????? ; Section 9.5

   ????????????????????? | "PUT"??????????????????? ; Section 9.6

   ????????????????????? | "DELETE"???????????????? ; Section 9.7

   ????????????????????? | "TRACE"????????????????? ; Section 9.8

   ????????????????????? | "CONNECT"??????????????? ; Section 9.9

   ????????????????????? | extension-method

   ?????? extension-method = token

   2.2? HTTP 璇鋒?娑???? 2.2.1 璇鋒?娑????煎?

   璇鋒?娑????煎?濡?涓???绀猴?

   璇鋒?琛?

   ???ㄤ俊??澶?璇鋒?澶?瀹?浣?澶?

   CRLF(??杞??㈣?)

   瀹?浣???瀹?

   ?朵腑??璇鋒?琛???涓猴?璇鋒?琛??=??規??[绌烘???璇鋒?URI [绌烘????????仿?[??杞??㈣?]

   璇鋒?琛?瀹?渚?锛?

   Eg1锛?

   

   GET?/index.html?HTTP/1.1

   ?????? Eg2锛?

   POST?http://192.168.2.217:8080/index.jsp HTTP/1.1

   HTTP璇鋒?娑???瀹?渚?锛?

   

   GET?/hello.htm?HTTP/1.1

   

   Accept:?*/*

   

   Accept-Language:?zh-cn

   

   Accept-Encoding:?gzip,?deflate

   

   If-Modified-Since:?Wed,?17?Oct?2007?02:15:55?GMT

   

   If-None-Match:?W/"158-1192587355000"

   

   User-Agent:?Mozilla/4.0?(compatible;?MSIE?6.0;?Windows?NT?5.1;?SV1)

   

   Host:?192.168.2.162:8080

   

   Connection:?Keep-Alive

   2.2.2 璇鋒??規?

   ?????? HTTP??璇鋒??規?????濡?涓???绉?锛?

   q??????GET

   q??????POST

   q??????HEAD

   q??????PUT

   q??????DELETE

   q??????OPTIONS

   q??????TRACE

   q??????CONNECT

   2.3 HTTP ??搴?娑???? 2.3.1 ??搴?娑????煎?

   HTTP??搴?娑??????煎?濡?涓???绀猴?

   ?舵??琛?

   ???ㄤ俊??澶???搴?澶?瀹?浣?澶?

   CRLF

   瀹?浣???瀹?

   ?朵腑锛??舵??琛??=??????仿?[绌烘????舵?????[绌烘????????[??杞??㈣?]

   ?舵??琛?涓句?锛?

   Eg1锛?

   

   HTTP/1.0?200?OK?

   ????? Eg2锛?

   

   HTTP/1.1?400?Bad?Request

   ???? HTTP??搴?娑???瀹?渚?濡?涓???绀猴?

   

   HTTP/1.1?200?OK

   

   ETag:?W/"158-1192590101000"

   

   Last-Modified:?Wed,?17?Oct?2007?03:01:41?GMT

   

   Content-Type:?text/html

   

   Content-Length:?158

   

   Date:?Wed,?17?Oct?2007?03:01:59?GMT

   

   Server:?Apache-Coyote/1.1

   2.3.2?http???舵????搴???

   2.3.2 .1 ?1** 锛?璇鋒??跺?幫?缁х畫澶???

   100????瀹㈡?峰?椤葷戶缁????鴻?鋒?

   101????瀹㈡?瘋?姹????″?ㄦ?規??璇鋒?杞???TTP??璁?????

   2.3.2 .2 ?2** 锛? ??浣??????跺??锛? ???????ュ??

   200????浜ゆ??????

   201??????绀虹?ラ???版??浠剁??URL

   202?????ュ????澶?????浣?澶?????瀹???

   203????杩???淇℃??涓?纭?瀹???涓?瀹???

   204????璇鋒??跺?幫?浣?杩???淇℃??涓虹┖

   205???????″?ㄥ????浜?璇鋒?锛??ㄦ?蜂唬??蹇?椤誨?浣?褰???宸茬?娴?瑙?杩?????浠?

   206???????″?ㄥ凡缁?瀹???浜??ㄥ???ㄦ?風??GET璇鋒?

   2.3.2 .3 ?3** 锛?瀹???姝よ?鋒?蹇?椤昏?涓?姝ュ???

   300????璇鋒???璧?婧????ㄥ?澶?寰???

   301???????よ?鋒??版??

   302?????ㄥ?朵??闆?????頒?璇鋒??版??

   303????寤鴻??瀹㈡?瘋?塊???朵?URL??璁塊???瑰?

   304????瀹㈡?風??宸茬??ц?浜?GET锛?浣???浠舵??????

   305????璇鋒???璧?婧?蹇?椤諱????″?ㄦ??瀹????闆??寰???

   306??????涓?????HTTP涓?浣跨?ㄧ??浠ｇ??锛??拌?????涓?涓???浣跨??

   307?????蟲??璇鋒???璧?婧?涓存?舵?у???? 2.3.2 .4 ?4** 锛?璇鋒?????涓?涓???璇?璇?娉???涓??藉????

   400??????璇?璇鋒?锛?濡?璇?娉???璇?

   401??????????

   HTTP 401.1 -???????锛??誨?澶辮觸

   ????HTTP 401.2 -???????锛????″?ㄩ??缃???棰?瀵艱?寸?誨?澶辮觸

   ????HTTP 401.3 - ACL?绂?姝㈣?塊??璧?婧?

   ????HTTP 401.4 -???????锛?????琚?绛????ㄦ??缁?

   HTTP 401.5 -???????锛?ISAPI????CGI?????澶辮觸

   402????淇???????ChargeTo澶村??搴?

   403????绂?姝㈣?塊??

   HTTP 403.1?绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?绂?姝㈠???ц?璁塊??

   ????HTTP 403.2 -?绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?绂?姝㈣?昏?塊??

   ????HTTP 403.3 -?绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?绂?姝㈠??璁塊??

   ????HTTP 403.4 -?绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?瑕?姹??SSL

   ????HTTP 403.5 -?绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?瑕?姹??SSL 128

   ????HTTP 403.6 -?绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?IP??闆??琚???缁?

   ????HTTP 403.7 -?绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?瑕?姹?瀹㈡?瘋??涔?

   ????HTTP 403.8 -?绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?绂?姝㈢???矽?塊??

   ????HTTP 403.9 -?绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?杩??ョ???ㄦ?瘋?澶?

   ????HTTP 403.10 -?绂?姝㈣?塊??锛???缃?????

   ????HTTP 403.11 -?绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?瀵????存??

   ????HTTP 403.12 -?绂?姝㈣?塊??锛???灏??ㄦ??缁?璁塊??

   ????HTTP 403.13 -?绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?瀹㈡?瘋??涔?凡琚?????

   ????HTTP 403.15 -?绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?瀹㈡?瘋?塊??璁稿??杩?澶?

   ????HTTP 403.16 -?绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?瀹㈡?瘋??涔????淇℃????????

   HTTP 403.17 -?绂?姝㈣?塊??锛?瀹㈡?瘋??涔?凡缁??版??????灏???????

   404????娌℃?????版??浠躲???ヨ?㈡??URl

   405?????ㄦ?峰??equest-Line瀛?娈靛??涔????規?涓???璁?

   406?????規???ㄦ?峰??????Accept??锛?璇鋒?璧?婧?涓???璁塊??

   407????绫諱技401锛??ㄦ?峰?椤婚????ㄤ唬?????″?ㄤ?寰??版????

   408????瀹㈡?風??娌℃???ㄧ?ㄦ?鋒??瀹???楗挎?堕?村??瀹???璇鋒?

   409????瀵瑰???璧?婧??舵??锛?璇鋒?涓??藉????

   410???????″?ㄤ?涓?????姝よ?婧?涓???杩?涓?姝ョ???????闆??

   411???????″?ㄦ??缁??ㄦ?峰??涔???Content-Length灞??ц?鋒?

   412????涓?涓???澶?涓?璇鋒?澶村??娈靛?ㄥ???璇鋒?涓???璇?

   413????璇鋒???璧?婧?澶т????″?ㄥ??璁哥??澶у?

   414????璇鋒???璧?婧?URL?誇????″?ㄥ??璁哥???垮害

   415????璇鋒?璧?婧?涓?????璇鋒?椤圭???煎?

   416????璇鋒?涓?????Range璇鋒?澶村??娈碉??ㄥ???璇鋒?璧?婧????村??娌℃??range??绀哄?鹼?璇鋒?涔?涓?????If-Range璇鋒?澶村??娈?

   417???????″?ㄤ?婊¤凍璇鋒?Expect澶村??娈墊??瀹????????鹼?濡?????浠ｇ?????″??????芥??涓?涓?绾ф???″?ㄤ??芥弧瓒寵?鋒??褲??

   2.3.2 .5 ?5** 锛????″?ㄦ?ц?涓?涓?瀹??ㄦ????璇鋒?澶辮觸

   ????HTTP 500 -????ㄦ???″?ㄩ??璇?

   ????HTTP 500.100 -????ㄦ???″?ㄩ??璇??- ASP???璇?

   ????HTTP 500-11????″?ㄥ?抽??

   ????HTTP 500-12?搴??ㄧ?搴????闆????

   ????HTTP 500-13 -????″?ㄥお蹇?

   ????HTTP 500-14 -?搴??ㄧ?搴?????

   ????HTTP 500-15 -?涓???璁歌?鋒??global.asa

   ????Error 501 -???瀹???

   HTTP 502 -?缃??抽??璇?

   2.4? 浣跨??telnet 杩?琛? http 娴?璇?

   ?????????indows涓?锛???浣跨?ㄥ?戒護绐??ｈ?琛?http绠???娴?璇???

   ???????杈???md杩??ュ?戒護绐??ｏ??ㄥ?戒護琛????ュ?涓??戒護??????杞??

   

   telnet?www.baidu.com?80

   ????????????ㄧ???ｄ腑??涓???Ctrl+]????????杞???璁╄???缁??????俱??

   ?ョ??寮?濮???璇鋒?娑???锛?渚?濡?????濡?涓?璇鋒?娑???璇鋒?baidu??棣?椤墊???锛?浣跨?ㄧ??HTTP??璁?涓?TTP/1.1锛?

   

   GET?/index.html?HTTP/1.1

   ???娉ㄦ??锛?copy濡?涓???娑????闆?戒護绐??ｅ????瑕???涓や釜??杞??㈣????藉??闆??搴???娑???锛?绗?涓?涓???杞??㈣????ㄥ?戒護?????ュ??杞??㈣?锛???HTTP??璁?瑕?姹?????绗?浜?涓???纭?璁よ??ワ?????璇鋒???

   ?????拌???浜?200 OK??娑???锛?濡?涓??炬??绀猴?

   

   ????????????幫?褰?????TTP/1.1?訛?杩??ヤ????ㄨ?鋒?缁?????灏辨??寮??????ラ????TTP1.0锛??ㄥ?戒護绐??ｉ???ワ?

   

   GET?/index.html?HTTP/1.0

   ??????姝ゆ?跺??浠ョ???拌?鋒?缁???涔???椹?涓???寮???

   ???????璇昏??杩???浠ュ?璇??ㄤ嬌??ET??POST绛??訛?甯??澶村??淇℃??锛?渚?濡????ュ?涓?淇℃??锛?

   

   GET?/index.html?HTTP/1.1

   

   connection:?close

   

   Host:?www.baidu.com

   2.5?甯哥?ㄧ??璇鋒??瑰?

   ???????甯哥?ㄧ??璇鋒??瑰???GET??POST.

   l?????????GET?瑰?锛???浠ュ??浣????瑰?寰??扮?辮?鋒?URI????瀹?璧?婧???淇℃??锛?濡???璇鋒?URI????涓?涓??版??浜х??杩?绋?锛??ｄ???缁?瑕??ㄥ??搴?瀹?浣?涓?杩???????澶???杩?绋???缁???????????璧?婧?锛???涓???澶???杩?绋?????杩般??

   l?????????POST?瑰?锛??ㄦ?ュ?????????″?ㄥ???鴻?鋒?锛?瑕?姹?瀹??ュ??琚????ㄨ?鋒?????瀹?浣?锛?骞舵??瀹?褰?浣?璇鋒?????涓?璇鋒?URI????瀹?璧?婧????????闆??椤癸?Post琚?璁捐?℃???ㄧ?涓????規?瀹??頒??????斤?

   1锛?瀵圭?版??璧?婧???瑙ｉ??锛?

   2锛????靛???????????伴?葷?????浠跺??琛ㄦ??绫諱技璁ㄨ?虹???淇℃??锛?

   3锛???浜ゆ?版????锛?

   4锛???杩???????浣??ユ?╁??版??搴????

   浠?涓??㈡??杩闆??浠ョ???猴?Get???????″?ㄥ??绱㈠???版????涓?绉?璇鋒?锛???Post???????″?ㄦ??浜ゆ?版????涓?绉?璇鋒?锛?瑕???浜ょ???版??浣?浜?淇℃??澶村???㈢??瀹?浣?涓???

   GET涓?POST?規???浠ヤ??哄??锛?

   锛?1锛?????ㄥ?㈡?風??锛?Get?瑰??ㄩ??杩?URL??浜ゆ?版??锛??版????RL涓???浠ョ???幫?POST?瑰?锛??版???劇疆??TML HEADER????浜ゃ??

   锛?2锛??? GET?瑰???浜ょ???版????澶????芥??1024瀛???锛???POST??娌℃??姝ら???躲??

   锛?3锛????瀹??ㄦ?ч??棰???姝ｅ????1锛?涓????幫?浣跨???Get????跺??锛????頒??劇ず?ㄥ?闆????涓?锛????Post?涓?浼?????浠ワ?濡???杩?浜??版????涓????版????涓??????????版??锛??ｄ?浣跨???get锛?濡????ㄦ?瘋??ョ???版??涓???涓???瀛?绗???涓??????????版??锛??ｄ?杩???浣跨???post涓哄ソ??

   锛?4锛????瀹??ㄧ????骞?绛???????璋?瀹??ㄧ?????崇??璇ユ??浣??ㄤ??峰??淇℃??????淇??逛俊????骞?绛??????崇??瀵瑰??涓?URL???澶?涓?璇鋒?搴?璇ヨ??????風??缁?????瀹??寸??瀹?涔?骞朵?????璧鋒?ラ?ｆ?蜂弗?箋???㈠?ヨ??璇達?GET?璇鋒?涓???涓?搴?浜х????浣??ㄣ??浠??規??涓?璁詫??剁??????褰??ㄦ?鋒??寮?涓?涓??炬?ユ?訛?濂瑰??浠ョ‘淇′???韬???瑙?搴??ョ??娌℃???瑰??璧?婧???姣?濡?锛??伴?葷???圭??澶寸??涓????存?般???界?剁??浜?娆¤?鋒?浼?杩???涓?????涓??規?伴?夥?璇ユ??浣?浠??惰?璁や負??瀹??ㄧ????骞?绛???锛???涓哄???繪??杩???褰??????伴?彙????涔?浜??躲??POST?璇鋒?灏變??ｄ?杞繪?句???POST?琛ㄧず???芥?瑰?????″?ㄤ???璧?婧???璇鋒???浠??朵互?伴?葷???逛負渚?锛?璇昏??瀵規??绔???娉ㄨВ搴?璇ラ??杩??POST?璇鋒?瀹??幫???涓哄?ㄦ敞瑙ｆ??浜や???绔??瑰凡缁?涓???浜?锛?姣??矽?存??绔?涓??㈠?虹?頒??℃敞瑙ｏ???

   ?

   2.6? 璇鋒?澶?

   HTTP??甯歌???璇鋒?澶村?涓?锛?

   l?????????Accept锛?娴?瑙??ㄥ???ュ????MIME绫誨??锛?

   l?????????Accept-Charset锛?娴?瑙??ㄥ???ュ????瀛?绗???锛?

   l?????????Accept-Encoding锛?娴?瑙??ㄨ?藉?杩?琛?瑙ｇ?????版??缂????瑰?锛?姣?濡?gzip??Servlet?藉???????gzip??娴?瑙??ㄨ???缁?gzip缂?????HTML椤甸????璁稿???褰??杩???浠ュ??灏?5??0????涓?杞芥?堕?達?

   l?????????Accept-Language锛?娴?瑙??ㄦ??甯?????璇?瑷?绉?绫夥?褰????″?ㄨ?藉???渚?涓?绉?浠ヤ???璇?瑷??????惰??ㄥ?幫?

   l?????????Authorization锛?????淇℃??锛???甯稿?虹?闆?ㄥ?規???″?ㄥ??????WWW-Authenticate澶寸??搴?绛?涓?锛?

   l?????????Connection锛?琛ㄧず??????瑕???涔?杩??ャ??濡???Servlet???拌??????間負??Keep-Alive??锛????????拌?鋒?浣跨?ㄧ????HTTP 1.1锛?HTTP 1.1榛?璁よ?琛???涔?杩??ワ?锛?瀹?灏卞??浠ュ?╃?ㄦ??涔?杩??ョ??浼??癸?褰?椤甸?㈠????澶?涓???绱??訛?渚?濡?Applet锛??劇??锛?锛??捐???闆??灏?涓?杞芥????瑕????堕?淬??瑕?瀹??拌?涓??癸?Servlet??瑕??ㄥ?绛?涓?????涓?涓?Content-Length澶達???绠?????瀹??版?規???锛???????瀹瑰????yteArrayOutputStream锛??跺???ㄦ?ｅ????哄??瀹逛???璁＄??瀹???澶у?锛?

   l?????????Content-Length锛?琛ㄧず璇鋒?娑???姝ｆ?????垮害锛?

   l?????????Cookie锛?杩???????瑕???璇鋒?澶翠俊??涔?涓?锛?

   l?????????From锛?璇鋒?????????email?闆??锛??變?浜??規????Web瀹㈡?風?搴?浣跨???娴?瑙??ㄤ?浼??ㄥ?闆??锛?

   l?????????Host锛???濮?URL涓???涓繪?哄??绔??ｏ?

   l?????????If-Modified-Since锛?????褰???璇鋒?????瀹瑰?ㄦ??瀹????ユ??涔?????缁?杩?淇??規??杩???瀹?锛?????杩???304??Not Modified??搴?绛?锛?

   l?????????Pragma锛???瀹???no-cache???艱〃绀烘???″?ㄥ?椤昏???涓?涓??鋒?闆??????妗ｏ??充嬌瀹???浠ｇ?????″?ㄨ??涓?宸茬???浜?椤甸?㈢?????版?瘋?锛?

   l?????????Referer锛?????涓?涓?URL锛??ㄦ?蜂?璇?RL浠ｈ〃??椤甸?㈠?哄??璁塊??褰???璇鋒???椤甸????

   l?????????User-Agent锛?娴?瑙??ㄧ被??锛?濡???Servlet杩???????瀹逛?娴?瑙??ㄧ被?????沖??璇ュ?奸??甯告?????

   l?????????UA-Pixels锛?UA-Color锛?UA-OS锛?UA-CPU锛??辨??浜???????IE娴?瑙??ㄦ????????????????璇鋒?澶達?琛ㄧず灞?骞?澶у???棰??叉繁搴?????浣?绯葷???CPU绫誨????

   2.7? ??搴?澶?

   HTTP??甯歌?????搴?澶村?涓???绀猴?

   l?????????Allow锛????″?ㄦ??????浜?璇鋒??規?锛?濡?GET??POST绛?锛?锛?

   l?????????Content-Encoding锛???妗ｇ??缂???锛?Encode锛??規????????ㄨВ??涔???????浠ュ???ontent-Type澶存??瀹?????瀹圭被?????╃??zip??缂╂??妗ｈ?藉??捐???闆??灏?HTML??妗ｇ??涓?杞芥?堕?淬??Java??GZIPOutputStream??浠ュ??逛究?拌?琛?gzip??缂╋?浣?????Unix涓???Netscape??Windows涓???IE 4??IE 5??????瀹?????姝わ?Servlet搴?璇ラ??杩??ョ??Accept-Encoding澶達???equest.getHeader("Accept-Encoding")锛?妫??ユ?瑙??ㄦ????????gzip锛?涓烘????gzip??娴?瑙??ㄨ???缁?gzip??缂╃??HTML椤甸???涓哄?朵?娴?瑙??ㄨ???????椤甸???

   l?????????Content-Length锛?琛ㄧず??瀹歸?垮害??????褰?娴?瑙??ㄤ嬌?ㄦ??涔?HTTP杩??ユ?舵????瑕?杩?涓??版????濡???浣??寵??╃?ㄦ??涔?杩??ョ??浼??匡???浠ユ??杈??烘??妗ｅ????yteArrayOutputStram锛?瀹??????ョ???跺ぇ灏?锛??跺????璇ュ?兼?懼??ontent-Length澶達???????杩?byteArrayStream.writeTo(response.getOutputStream()??????瀹癸?

   l?????????Content-Type锛??琛ㄧず???㈢????妗ｅ?浜?浠?涔?MIME绫誨????Servlet榛?璁や負text/plain锛?浣???甯擱??瑕??懼??版??瀹?涓?ext/html???變?缁?甯歌?璁劇疆Content-Type锛???姝?ttpServletResponse??渚?浜?涓?涓?涓??ㄧ???規?setContentTyep???????eb.xml??浠朵腑??缃??╁?????MIME绫誨????瀵瑰??崇郴锛?

   l?????????Date锛?褰?????GMT?堕?淬??浣???浠ョ??etDateHeader?ヨ?劇疆杩?涓?澶翠互?垮??杞??㈡?堕?存?煎???楹葷???

   l?????????Expires锛?????搴?璇ュ?ㄤ?涔??跺??璁や負??妗ｅ凡缁?杩???锛?浠???涓???缂?瀛?瀹???

   l?????????Last-Modified锛???妗ｇ???????瑰?ㄦ?堕?淬??瀹㈡?峰??浠ラ??杩?If-Modified-Since璇鋒?澶存??渚?涓?涓??ユ??锛?璇ヨ?鋒?灏?琚?瑙?涓轟?涓??′歡GET锛??????瑰?ㄦ?堕?磋?浜???瀹??堕?寸????妗ｆ??浼?杩???锛?????杩???涓?涓?304锛?Not Modified锛??舵????Last-Modified涔?????etDateHeader?規??ヨ?劇疆锛?

   l?????????Location锛?琛ㄧず瀹㈡?峰?褰??闆?????繪??????妗ｃ??Location??甯鎬????存?ヨ?劇疆??锛???????杩?HttpServletResponse??sendRedirect?規?锛?璇ユ?規????惰?劇疆?舵??浠ｇ??涓?02锛?

   l?????????Refresh锛?琛ㄧず娴?瑙??ㄥ?璇ュ?ㄥ?灏??堕?翠????鋒?版??妗ｏ?浠ョ?璁°???や??鋒?闆?????妗ｄ?澶?锛?浣?杩???浠ラ??杩?setHeader("Refresh", "5; URL=http://host/path")璁╂?瑙??ㄨ?誨????瀹???椤甸????娉ㄦ??杩?绉????介??甯告????杩?璁劇疆HTML椤甸??EAD?虹??<META HTTP-EQUIV="Refresh" CONTENT="5;URL=http://host/path">瀹??幫?杩?????涓猴????ㄥ?鋒?版????瀹???瀵逛??ｄ?涓??戒嬌??GI??Servlet??HTML缂???????????瑕???浣???锛?瀵逛?Servlet?ヨ?達??存?ヨ?劇疆Refresh澶存?村???逛究??娉ㄦ??Refresh????涔?????N绉?涔????鋒?版??椤甸?㈡??璁塊????瀹?椤甸?⑩??锛???涓?????姣???N绉??鋒?版??椤甸?㈡??璁塊????瀹?椤甸?⑩??????姝わ?杩?缁??鋒?拌?姹?姣?娆￠?藉????涓?涓?Refresh澶達???????204?舵??浠ｇ??????浠ラ?繪?㈡?瑙??ㄧ戶缁??鋒?幫?涓?绠℃??浣跨??efresh澶磋???<META HTTP-EQUIV="Refresh" ...>??娉ㄦ??Refresh澶翠?灞?浜?HTTP 1.1姝ｅ?瑙?????涓??ㄥ??锛?????涓?涓??╁?锛?浣?Netscape??IE?芥????瀹???

   2.8 瀹?浣?澶?

   瀹?浣?澶寸?ㄥ??瀹?浣???瀹圭????淇℃??锛???杩頒?瀹?浣???瀹圭??灞??э?????瀹?浣?淇℃??绫誨??锛??垮害锛???缂╂?規?锛?????涓?娆′慨?規?堕?達??版???????х????

   l?????????Allow锛?GET,POST

   l?????????Content-Encoding锛???妗ｇ??缂???锛?Encode锛??規?锛?渚?濡?锛?gzip锛?瑙???2.5???搴?澶粹??锛?

   l?????????Content-Language锛???瀹圭??璇?瑷?绫誨??锛?渚?濡?锛?zh-cn锛?

   l?????????Content-Length锛?琛ㄧず??瀹歸?垮害锛?eg锛?80锛?????????2.5??搴?澶粹??锛?

   l?????????Content-Location锛?琛ㄧず瀹㈡?峰?褰??闆?????繪??????妗ｏ?渚?濡?锛?http://www.dfdf.org/dfdf.html锛?????????2.5??搴?澶粹??锛?

   l?????????Content-MD5锛?MD5?瀹?浣???涓?绉?MD5??瑕?锛??ㄤ??￠???????????瑰???ュ???歸?借?＄??MD5??瑕?锛??ュ???瑰??惰?＄?????間?姝ゅご??涓?浼??????艱?琛?姣?杈???Eg1锛?Content-MD5: <base64 of 128 MD5 digest>??Eg2锛?dfdfdfdfdfdfdff==锛?

   l?????????Content-Range锛????ㄥ??瀹?浣?涓???????锛?????琚????ュ??????浣?浣?涓?楂?浣?瀛?????绉夥?涔?????姝ゅ??浣????婚?垮害??Eg1锛?Content-Range: 1001-2000/5000锛?eg2锛?bytes 2543-4532/7898

   l?????????Content-Type锛??????????????ユ?剁??瀹?浣???MIME绫誨????Eg锛?text/html; charset=GB2312??????涓葷被??/瀛?绫誨??锛?

   l?????????Expires锛?涓?璇???涓?缂?瀛?锛?

   l?????????Last-Modified锛?WEB????″?ㄨ?や負瀵矽薄??????淇??規?堕?達?姣?濡???浠剁??????淇??規?堕?達??ㄦ??椤甸?㈢??????浜х???堕?寸??绛???渚?濡?锛?Last-Modified锛?Tue, 06 May 2008 02:42:43 GMT.

   2.8 ?╁?澶?

   ??TTP娑???涓?锛?涔???浠ヤ嬌?ㄤ?浜???HTTP1.1姝ｅ?瑙?????娌℃??瀹?涔???澶村??娈碉?杩?浜?澶村??娈電?绉頒負??瀹?涔???HTTP澶存?????╁?澶達?浠?浠???甯歌?褰?浣???涓?绉?瀹?浣?澶村?????

   ?闆?ㄦ?琛???娴?瑙??ㄥ????涓??芥????Cookie,Set-Cookie,Refresh??Content-Disposition绛???涓?甯哥?ㄧ???╁?澶村??娈點??

   l?????????Refresh锛?1;url=http://www.dfdf.org? //杩?1绉?璺寵漿?版??瀹?浣?缃?锛?

   l?????????Content-Disposition锛?澶村??娈?????????2.5??搴?澶粹??锛?

   l?????????Content-Type锛?WEB????″?ㄥ??璇?娴?瑙??ㄨ??宸卞??搴???瀵矽薄??绫誨????

   eg1锛?Content-Type锛?application/xml?锛?

   eg2锛?applicaiton/octet-stream锛?

   Content-Disposition锛?attachment; filename=aaa.zip??

   ????褰?锛?????璧???

   ??HTTP1.1??HTTP1.0???哄????锛?

   http://blog.csdn.net/yanghehong/archive/2009/05/28/4222594.aspx

   ??HTTP璇鋒?锛?GET??POST?哄??锛?????搴???锛?

   http://www.blogjava.net/honeybee/articles/164008.html

   ?

   ??HTTP璇鋒?澶存?杩??懼害?ラ????锛?

   http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/32517427.html

   ??瀹?浣?澶村???╁?澶淬??锛?

   http://www.cnblogs.com/tongzhiyong/archive/2008/03/16/1108776.html

????澹版??锛?????涓?SDN??涓彙??u010246947??????????绔?锛??靛驚CC 4.0 BY-SA??????璁?锛?杞?杞借?烽??涓??????哄??炬?ュ????澹版????

?????炬?ワ?https://blog.csdn.net/u010246947/article/details/19125325