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How to make nutch run in eclipse ?

[b][color=green][size=large]Nutch是一个优秀的开源的数据爬取框架,我们只需要简单的配置,就可以完成数据爬取,当然,Nutch里面也提供了很灵活的的插件机制,我们随时都可以对它进行二次开发,以满足我们的需求,本篇散仙,先来介绍下,如何在eclipse里面以local模式调试nutch,只有在eclipse里面把它弄清楚了,那么,我们学习起来,才会更加容易,因为,目前大多数人,使用nutch,都是基于命令行的操作,虽然很简单方便,但是想深入定制开发,就很困难,所以,散仙在本篇里,会介绍下nutch基本的调试,以及编译。

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[b][color=olive][size=large]下面进入正题,我们先来看下基本的步骤。

[table]

|序号|名称|描述

|1|安装部署ant|编译nutch编码使用

|2|下载nutch源码|必须步骤

|3|在nutch源码根目录下,执行ant等待编译完成|构建nutch

|4|配置nutch-site.xml|必须步骤

|5|ant eclipse 构建eclipse项目|导入eclipse中,调试

|6|conf目录置顶|nutch加载时,会读取配置文件

|7|执行org.apache.nutch.crawl.Injector注入种子|local调试

|8|执行org.apache.nutch.crawl.Generator生成一个抓取列表|local调试

|9|执行org.apache.nutch.fetcher.Fetcher生成一个抓取队列|local调试

|10|执行org.apache.nutch.parse.ParseSegment执行contet生一个段文件|local调试

|11|配置好solr服务|检索服务查询

|12|执行org.apache.nutch.indexer.IndexingJob映射solr索引|local调试

|13|映射完成后,就可以solr里面执行查询了|校验结果

[/table]

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[b][color=olive][size=large]编译完,导入eclipse的中如下图所示,注意conf文件夹置顶:[/size][/color][/b]

[img]http://dl2.iteye.com/upload/attachment/0097/3205/931f90d0-b161-321a-a7b9-199d22819ad7.jpg[/img]

[color=green][size=large]nutch-site.xml里面的配置如下:[/size][/color]

[b][color=green][size=large]下面简单介绍下,在各个类里运行,需要做的一些改动,首先运行nutch,是基于Hadoop的local模式调试的,所以,你得改变下hadoop的权限,否则在运行过程中,会报错。散仙在这里提供一个简单的方法,拷贝hadoop的FileUtils类进行eclipse中,修改它的权限校验即可,如果你是在linux上运行,就不需要考虑这个问题了。

在开始调试之前,你需要在项目的根目录下建一个urls文件夹,并新建一个种子文件放入你要抓取的网址。

在Injector类里面,run方法里,改成

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public int run(String[] args) throws Exception {
//    if (args.length < 2) {
//      System.err.println("Usage: Injector <crawldb> <url_dir>");
//      return -1;
//    }
	  args=new String[]{"mydir","urls"};//urls
    try {
      inject(new Path(args[0]), new Path(args[1]));
      return 0;
    } catch (Exception e) {
      LOG.error("Injector: " + StringUtils.stringifyException(e));
      return -1;
    }
  }
           

[color=olive][size=large]在Generator里面的run方法改成[/size][/color]

public int run(String[] args) throws Exception {
//    if (args.length < 2) {
//      System.out
//          .println("Usage: Generator <crawldb> <segments_dir> [-force] [-topN N] [-numFetchers numFetchers] [-adddays numDays] [-noFilter] [-noNorm][-maxNumSegments num]");
//      return -1;
//    }

	  args=new String[]{"mydir","myseg","6","7",""};

    Path dbDir = new Path(args[0]);
    Path segmentsDir = new Path(args[1]);
    long curTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    long topN = Long.MAX_VALUE;
    int numFetchers = -1;
    boolean filter = true;
    boolean norm = true;
    boolean force = false;
    int maxNumSegments = 1;

    for (int i = 2; i < args.length; i++) {
      if ("-topN".equals(args[i])) {
        topN = Long.parseLong(args[i + 1]);
        i++;
      } else if ("-numFetchers".equals(args[i])) {
        numFetchers = Integer.parseInt(args[i + 1]);
        i++;
      } else if ("-adddays".equals(args[i])) {
        long numDays = Integer.parseInt(args[i + 1]);
        curTime += numDays * 1000L * 60 * 60 * 24;
      } else if ("-noFilter".equals(args[i])) {
        filter = false;
      } else if ("-noNorm".equals(args[i])) {
        norm = false;
      } else if ("-force".equals(args[i])) {
        force = true;
      } else if ("-maxNumSegments".equals(args[i])) {
        maxNumSegments = Integer.parseInt(args[i + 1]);
      }

    }

    try {
      Path[] segs = generate(dbDir, segmentsDir, numFetchers, topN, curTime, filter,
          norm, force, maxNumSegments);
      if (segs == null) return -1;
    } catch (Exception e) {
      LOG.error("Generator: " + StringUtils.stringifyException(e));
      return -1;
    }
    return 0;
  }
           

[color=green][size=large]在Fetcher的run方法里面改动:[/size][/color]

public int run(String[] args) throws Exception {

    String usage = "Usage: Fetcher <segment> [-threads n]";

     args=new String[]{"D:\\20140520nutchplugin\\apache-nutch-1.8\\myseg\\20140520120541","4"};
//    if (args.length < 1) {
//      System.err.println(usage);
//      return -1;
//    }

    Path segment = new Path(args[0]);

    int threads = getConf().getInt("fetcher.threads.fetch", 10);
    boolean parsing = false;

    for (int i = 1; i < args.length; i++) {       // parse command line
      if (args[i].equals("-threads")) {           // found -threads option
        threads =  Integer.parseInt(args[++i]);
      }
    }

    getConf().setInt("fetcher.threads.fetch", threads);

    try {
      fetch(segment, threads);
      return 0;
    } catch (Exception e) {
      LOG.error("Fetcher: " + StringUtils.stringifyException(e));
      return -1;
    }

  }
           

[b][color=green][size=large]在ParseSegment里面的run方法改动:[/size]

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public int run(String[] args) throws Exception {
    Path segment;

    String usage = "Usage: ParseSegment segment [-noFilter] [-noNormalize]";

//    if (args.length == 0) {
//      System.err.println(usage);
//      System.exit(-1);
//    }

     args=new String[]{"D:\\20140520nutchplugin\\apache-nutch-1.8\\myseg\\20140520120541"};
    if(args.length > 1) {
      for(int i = 1; i < args.length; i++) {
        String param = args[i];

        if("-nofilter".equalsIgnoreCase(param)) {
          getConf().setBoolean("parse.filter.urls", false);
        } else if ("-nonormalize".equalsIgnoreCase(param)) {
          getConf().setBoolean("parse.normalize.urls", false);
        }
      }
    }

    segment = new Path(args[0]);
    parse(segment);
    return 0;
  }
           

[color=olive][size=large]在IndexingJob的run方法里面改动:[/size][/color]

public int run(String[] args) throws Exception {
    	args=new String[]{"mydir","D:\\20140520nutchplugin\\apache-nutch-1.8\\myseg\\20140520120541"};
        if (args.length < 2) {
            System.err
                    .println("Usage: Indexer <crawldb> [-linkdb <linkdb>] [-params k1=v1&k2=v2...] (<segment> ... | -dir <segments>) [-noCommit] [-deleteGone] [-filter] [-normalize]");
            IndexWriters writers = new IndexWriters(getConf());
            System.err.println(writers.describe());
            return -1;
        }

        final Path crawlDb = new Path(args[0]);
        Path linkDb = null;

        final List<Path> segments = new ArrayList<Path>();
        String params = null;

        boolean noCommit = false;
        boolean deleteGone = false;
        boolean filter = false;
        boolean normalize = false;

        for (int i = 1; i < args.length; i++) {
            if (args[i].equals("-linkdb")) {
                linkDb = new Path(args[++i]);
            } else if (args[i].equals("-dir")) {
                Path dir = new Path(args[++i]);
                FileSystem fs = dir.getFileSystem(getConf());
                FileStatus[] fstats = fs.listStatus(dir,
                        HadoopFSUtil.getPassDirectoriesFilter(fs));
                Path[] files = HadoopFSUtil.getPaths(fstats);
                for (Path p : files) {
                    segments.add(p);
                }
            } else if (args[i].equals("-noCommit")) {
                noCommit = true;
            } else if (args[i].equals("-deleteGone")) {
                deleteGone = true;
            } else if (args[i].equals("-filter")) {
                filter = true;
            } else if (args[i].equals("-normalize")) {
                normalize = true;
            } else if (args[i].equals("-params")) {
                params = args[++i];
            } else {
                segments.add(new Path(args[i]));
            }
        }

        try {
            index(crawlDb, linkDb, segments, noCommit, deleteGone, params,
                    filter, normalize);
            return 0;
        } catch (final Exception e) {
            LOG.error("Indexer: " + StringUtils.stringifyException(e));
            return -1;
        }
    }
           

[color=green][size=large]除此之外,还需要,在SolrIndexWriter的187行和SolrUtils的54行分别添加如下代码,修改solr的映射地址:[/size][/color]

String serverURL = conf.get(SolrConstants.SERVER_URL);
        serverURL="http://localhost:8983/solr/";
           
// String serverURL = job.get(SolrConstants.SERVER_URL);
    String serverURL ="http://localhost:8983/solr";
           

[b][color=green][size=large]按上面几个步骤,每执行一个类的时候,就修改其的运行参数,因为nutch的作业具有依赖性,这一个作业的输入,往往是上一个作业的输出,手动依次运行修改上面的5个类,最终我们的索引就可以生成在solr里,截图如下:[/size]

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[img]http://dl2.iteye.com/upload/attachment/0097/3216/ea040145-4cb7-3a72-8ecc-62e27df73922.jpg[/img]

[b][color=green][size=large]当然,我们还可以,配置分词策略,来使我们检索更加通用,准确.[/size][/color][/b]

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