一.最小的镜像alpine(用于替代Ubuntu的服务器版本)
- 因CentOS8才有kernel4.18版本,alpine3.9版本kernel为4.19,故选择kernel4.14的alpine3.8
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/alpinelinux/docker-alpine/dc10be162e9d2c3f799fde73e25ad30f78ff479b/x86_64/Dockerfile
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/alpinelinux/docker-alpine/dc10be162e9d2c3f799fde73e25ad30f78ff479b/x86_64/alpine-minirootfs-3.8.4-x86_64.tar.gz
二.构建&运行&使用镜像
- 将Dockerfile与alpine-minirootfs-3.8.4-x86_64.tar.gz放在同一文件夹下,执行构建命令:
- 使用镜像运行容器,容器名为alpine001
podman run -itd --name alpine001 localhost/alpine
- 进入镜像执行
podman exec -it alpine001 sh
三.alpine内的基础命令
指令 | 作用 |
---|---|
apk | 安装软件,类似于yum |
连按TAB键两次 | 输出所有可用的命令,都是基础命令 |
四.apk命令详解
/ # apk
apk-tools 2.10.1, compiled for x86_64.
Installing and removing packages:
add Add PACKAGEs to 'world' and install (or upgrade) them, while ensuring that all dependencies are met
del Remove PACKAGEs from 'world' and uninstall them
System maintenance:
fix Repair package or upgrade it without modifying main dependencies
update Update repository indexes from all remote repositories
upgrade Upgrade currently installed packages to match repositories
cache Download missing PACKAGEs to cache and/or delete unneeded files from cache
Querying information about packages:
info Give detailed information about PACKAGEs or repositories
list List packages by PATTERN and other criteria
dot Generate graphviz graphs
policy Show repository policy for packages
Repository maintenance:
index Create repository index file from FILEs
fetch Download PACKAGEs from global repositories to a local directory
verify Verify package integrity and signature
manifest Show checksums of package contents
Use apk <command> --help for command-specific help.
Use apk --help --verbose for a full command listing.
This apk has coffee making abilities.
apk源配置文件为:/etc/apk/repositories
建议改为阿里源
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/alpine/v3.8/main
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/alpine/v3.8/community
要使用apk安装软件,需要更新缓存,必须先执行
apk update
指令 | 详解 |
---|---|
apk list open | 列出符合通配符表达式的软件 |
apk add openjdk8 | 安装openjdk8 |