alpine鏡像容器使用方法一.最小的鏡像alpine(用于替代Ubuntu的伺服器版本)二.建構&運作&使用鏡像

一.最小的鏡像alpine(用于替代Ubuntu的伺服器版本)

• 因CentOS8才有kernel4.18版本，alpine3.9版本kernel為4.19，故選擇kernel4.14的alpine3.8
• https://raw.githubusercontent.com/alpinelinux/docker-alpine/dc10be162e9d2c3f799fde73e25ad30f78ff479b/x86_64/Dockerfile
• https://raw.githubusercontent.com/alpinelinux/docker-alpine/dc10be162e9d2c3f799fde73e25ad30f78ff479b/x86_64/alpine-minirootfs-3.8.4-x86_64.tar.gz

二.建構&運作&使用鏡像

1. 将Dockerfile與alpine-minirootfs-3.8.4-x86_64.tar.gz放在同一檔案夾下，執行建構指令：

1. 使用鏡像運作容器，容器名為alpine001

podman run -itd --name alpine001 localhost/alpine
           

1. 進入鏡像執行

podman exec -it alpine001 sh
           

三.alpine内的基礎指令

指令	作用
apk	安裝軟體，類似于yum
連按TAB鍵兩次	輸出所有可用的指令，都是基礎指令

四.apk指令詳解

/ # apk
apk-tools 2.10.1, compiled for x86_64.

Installing and removing packages:
  add       Add PACKAGEs to 'world' and install (or upgrade) them, while ensuring that all dependencies are met
  del       Remove PACKAGEs from 'world' and uninstall them

System maintenance:
  fix       Repair package or upgrade it without modifying main dependencies
  update    Update repository indexes from all remote repositories
  upgrade   Upgrade currently installed packages to match repositories
  cache     Download missing PACKAGEs to cache and/or delete unneeded files from cache

Querying information about packages:
  info      Give detailed information about PACKAGEs or repositories
  list      List packages by PATTERN and other criteria
  dot       Generate graphviz graphs
  policy    Show repository policy for packages

Repository maintenance:
  index     Create repository index file from FILEs
  fetch     Download PACKAGEs from global repositories to a local directory
  verify    Verify package integrity and signature
  manifest  Show checksums of package contents

Use apk <command> --help for command-specific help.
Use apk --help --verbose for a full command listing.

This apk has coffee making abilities.
           

apk源配置檔案為：/etc/apk/repositories

建議改為阿裡源

http://mirrors.aliyun.com/alpine/v3.8/main

http://mirrors.aliyun.com/alpine/v3.8/community

要使用apk安裝軟體，需要更新緩存，必須先執行

apk update
           

指令	詳解
apk list open	列出符合通配符表達式的軟體
apk add openjdk8	安裝openjdk8