Android富文本SpannableString的基本使用以及补充

今天看到一个大佬写的博客介绍了一个神奇的组件——SpannableString 有时候有需求要求我们对TextView实现各种效果 例如对部分文字改变颜色 改变大小等等

之前都是通过设置资源文件或者在java中设置资源文件修改的 但是有些特殊的还是解决不了 例如文字中混搭了图片就很不好处理 用了这个控件就可以轻松实现很多功能了

上效果：

可以轻松实现以下效果:

自定义文本中文字的字体大小（包括绝对大小和相对大小，区别看下面解释）

设置文本中文字的前景色、背景色

为文本中的文字设置下划线，删除线

设置文本中的内容上标、下标

为文字设置风格，粗体斜体等

设置图文混排，即文字中添加图片

可以为部分文本设置点击事件

以上是一些常用的效果，并不是全部。

直接上代码：

SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("万丈高楼平地起");

        RelativeSizeSpan sizeSpan01 = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.2f);
        RelativeSizeSpan sizeSpan02 = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.4f);
        RelativeSizeSpan sizeSpan03 = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.6f);
        RelativeSizeSpan sizeSpan04 = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.8f);
        RelativeSizeSpan sizeSpan05 = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.6f);
        RelativeSizeSpan sizeSpan06 = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.4f);
        RelativeSizeSpan sizeSpan07 = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.2f);

        spannableString.setSpan(sizeSpan01, 0, 1, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
        spannableString.setSpan(sizeSpan02, 1, 2, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
        spannableString.setSpan(sizeSpan03, 2, 3, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
        spannableString.setSpan(sizeSpan04, 3, 4, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
        spannableString.setSpan(sizeSpan05, 4, 5, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
        spannableString.setSpan(sizeSpan06, 5, 6, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
        spannableString.setSpan(sizeSpan07, 6, 7, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);



        SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("设置文字的前景色为淡蓝色");
        ForegroundColorSpan colorSpan = new ForegroundColorSpan(Color.parseColor("#0099EE"));
        spannableString.setSpan(colorSpan, 9, spannableString.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);



        SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("设置文字的背景色为淡绿色");
        BackgroundColorSpan colorSpan = new BackgroundColorSpan(Color.parseColor("#AC00FF30"));
        spannableString.setSpan(colorSpan, 9, spannableString.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);



        SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("为文字设置下划线");
        UnderlineSpan underlineSpan = new UnderlineSpan();
        spannableString.setSpan(underlineSpan, 5, spannableString.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);



        SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("为文字设置删除线");
        StrikethroughSpan strikethroughSpan = new StrikethroughSpan();
        spannableString.setSpan(strikethroughSpan, 5, spannableString.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);



        SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("为文字设置上标");
        SuperscriptSpan superscriptSpan = new SuperscriptSpan();
        spannableString.setSpan(superscriptSpan, 5, spannableString.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);



        SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("为文字设置下标");
        SubscriptSpan subscriptSpan = new SubscriptSpan();
        spannableString.setSpan(subscriptSpan, 5, spannableString.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);



        SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("为文字设置超链接");
        URLSpan urlSpan = new URLSpan("http://www.jianshu.com/users/dbae9ac95c78");
        spannableString.setSpan(urlSpan, 5, spannableString.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
        textView.setMovementMethod(LinkMovementMethod.getInstance());
        textView.setHighlightColor(Color.parseColor("#36969696"));



        SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("为文字设置点击事件");
        MyClickableSpan clickableSpan = new MyClickableSpan("http://www.jianshu.com/users/dbae9ac95c78");
        spannableString.setSpan(clickableSpan, 5, spannableString.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
        textView.setMovementMethod(LinkMovementMethod.getInstance());
        textView.setHighlightColor(Color.parseColor("#36969696"));



        SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("为文字设置粗体、斜体风格");
        StyleSpan styleSpan_B  = new StyleSpan(Typeface.BOLD);
        StyleSpan styleSpan_I  = new StyleSpan(Typeface.ITALIC);
        spannableString.setSpan(styleSpan_B, 5, 7, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
        spannableString.setSpan(styleSpan_I, 8, 10, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
        textView.setMovementMethod(LinkMovementMethod.getInstance());
        textView.setHighlightColor(Color.parseColor("#36969696"));



        SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("在文本中添加表情（表情）");
        Drawable drawable = getResources().getDrawable(R.mipmap.a9c);
        drawable.setBounds(0, 0, 42, 42);
        ImageSpan imageSpan = new ImageSpan(drawable);
        spannableString.setSpan(imageSpan, 6, 8, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
        textView.setMovementMethod(LinkMovementMethod.getInstance());
        textView.setHighlightColor(Color.parseColor("#36969696"));



        SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("为文字设置图片（图片）");
        Drawable drawable = getResources().getDrawable(R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
        drawable.setBounds(0, 0, 36, 36);
        ImageSpan imageSpan = new ImageSpan(drawable);
        spannableString.setSpan(imageSpan, 5, 7, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
        textView.setMovementMethod(LinkMovementMethod.getInstance());
        textView.setHighlightColor(Color.parseColor("#36969696"));

        textView.setText(spannableString);
           

补充：

因为需求需要实现超链接部分不显示下划线和自定义的点击事件

直接自定义一个URLSpan继承一下URLSpan然后复写updateDrawState和onclick就行了