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从零开始--(1)Linux虚拟机下使用yum安装gcc

装了Linux虚拟机rhel-server-6.4 版本后,在网上看到利用 yum -y install gcc安装gcc的教程,遇到的各种问题,因为是小白,一步一步详解如下:

1.首先切换root账号:

从零开始--(1)Linux虚拟机下使用yum安装gcc

 输入su后输入密码, 切换到root $ -> #

从零开始--(1)Linux虚拟机下使用yum安装gcc

2. 按照网上教程输入, yum -y install gcc ,并没有成功,返回Error。网上搜了一下需要先删除掉redhat自带的yum包。

[[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps(不检查依赖,直接删除rpm包)

再用

[[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa |grep yum

[[email protected] ~]# 

从零开始--(1)Linux虚拟机下使用yum安装gcc

3.下载yum包

#wget  url/yum-3.2.27-14.el6.centos.noarch.rpm

#wget url/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-14.1.el6.x86_64.rpm

#wget url/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.26-11.el6.noarch.rpm

#wget url/python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm

注:网上的url绝大多数都是不准的, 自己根据系统位数将url替换下面的路径:

32位: http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/i386/Packages/

64位:http://tel.mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/

可以打开上面的路径自己查找。

4. 安装

注意:单个的安装包可能会依赖其它包(例如yum和yum-fastestmirror会相互依赖),所以我们可以把所有这些包放在一起,用一行命令将它们同时安装即可:

#rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm

# rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-14.el6.i686.rpm 

yum-3.2.27-14.el6.centos.noarch.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.26-11.el6.noarch.rpm

5. yum配置

# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

# wget  http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo

# vi CentOS6-Base-163.repo

修改如下几处:

# CentOS-Base.repo

#

# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the

# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and

# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates

# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.

#

# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the

# remarked out baseurl= line instead.

[base]

name=CentOS-6 - Base - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=os

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#released updates

[updates]

name=CentOS-6 - Updates - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/updates/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=updates

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that may be useful

[extras]

name=CentOS-6 - Extras - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/extras/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=extras

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages

[centosplus]

name=CentOS-6 - Plus - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/centosplus/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus

gpgcheck=1

enabled=0

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#contrib - packages by Centos Users

[contrib]

name=CentOS-6 - Contrib - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/contrib/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib

gpgcheck=1

enabled=0

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

保存退出 (按esc之后, wq )

6.清除原有缓存

# yum clean all

PS: 本人在此处还是会有报错, 进入etc/yum.repos.d/后发现还有多余的几个.repo文件,所以发狠 rm -rf 

删了干净,重新来过,终于搞定!

重建缓存,以提高搜索安装软件的速度

# yum makecache

更新系统

# yum update

PS:

查看Linux是32还是64: 

1.uname -a

例如我的机子输入命令后输出:

Linux zou-acertox42 2.6.38-10-generic #46-Ubuntu SMP Tue Jun 28 15:05:41 UTC 2011 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

如果是64位的则可能输出:

Linux web1 2.6.9-22.ELsmp #1 SMP Mon Sep 19 18:00:54 EDT 2005 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

2. #getconf LONG_BIT 

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