【Unity】线程安全的消息传输机制，仿照Cocos实现

近期用到了网络通信的方法，虽然unity可以用协程来实现异步操作，不过坑爹的队友不会用，他用的是传统的开线程的方法，这样就会出现线程安全的问题，然后现有的消息通信机制无法满足需求了，就得改了。还好我机智的看过Cocos2dx中消息机制的实现原理，顺手改了一下，下面贴源码：（源码后有解释）

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

/**
 * 消息派发类 
 */
namespace Assets.TGUI.UIScript
{
    public class CDispatcher
    {
        //单例
        public static readonly CDispatcher Instance = new CDispatcher();

        //消息委托函数
        public delegate void noticeDelegate(object[] data);

        /// <summary>
        /// 消息Key
        /// </summary>
        public struct Key
        {
            public string name;
            public object target;

            public Key(string _name, object _target)
            {
                name = _name;
                target = _target;
            }
        }

        //存储消息列表
        private Dictionary<Key, noticeDelegate> m_noticeDict;

        private List<KeyValuePair<Key, object[]>> m_noticeRequest;

        private List<KeyValuePair<Key, object[]>> m_tempRequest;

        private CDispatcher()
        {
            m_noticeDict = new Dictionary<Key, noticeDelegate>();
            m_noticeRequest = new List<KeyValuePair<Key, object[]>>();
            m_tempRequest = new List<KeyValuePair<Key, object[]>>();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 循环遍历 执行消息请求
        /// </summary>
        public IEnumerator Dispatcher()
        {
            Debug.Log("MSG: Start Dispatcher");
            do
            {
                if (m_tempRequest.Count != 0)
                {
                    lock (m_tempRequest)
                    {
                        foreach (var item in m_tempRequest)
                        {
                            m_noticeRequest.Add(new KeyValuePair<Key, object[]>(item.Key, item.Value));
                        }
                        m_tempRequest.Clear();
                    }

                    foreach (var item in m_noticeRequest)
                    {
                        if (m_noticeDict.ContainsKey(item.Key))
                        {
                            m_noticeDict[item.Key](item.Value);
                        }
                    }

                    m_noticeRequest.Clear();
                }
                yield return new WaitForFixedUpdate();
            } while (true);
        }

        /**
         * 发送消息
         * @param notifyName 消息类型
         * @param data 携带参数
         */
        public void sendNotification(string noticeName, object[] data = null)
        {
            sendNotification(noticeName, null, data);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 发送消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="noticeName"></param>
        /// <param name="target"></param>
        /// <param name="data"></param>
        public void sendNotification(string noticeName, object target, object[] data)
        {
            m_tempRequest.Add(new KeyValuePair<Key, object[]>(new Key(noticeName, target), data));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 发送消息 附带的数据是发送者本身的对象
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="noticeName"></param>
        /// <param name="target"></param>
        /// <param name="source"></param>
        public void sendNotification(string noticeName, object target, object source)
        {
            sendNotification(noticeName, target, new object[] { source });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取到源类型变量
        /// (与sendNotification(string noticeName, 
        /// object target, object source)对应)
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="data"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>

        public T GetSourceObject<T>(object[] data)
        {
            return (T)data[0];
        }

        public void addObserver(string noticeName, noticeDelegate notice)
        {
            addObserver(noticeName, null, notice);
        }

        public void addObserver(string noticeName, object target, noticeDelegate notice)
        {
            Key key = new Key(noticeName, target);
            if (!m_noticeDict.ContainsKey(key))
            {
                m_noticeDict.Add(key, notice);
            }
        }

        public void RemoveObserver(string noticeName)
        {
            RemoveObserver(noticeName, null);
        }

        public void RemoveObserver(string noticeName, object target)
        {
            Key key = new Key(noticeName, target);

            if (!m_noticeDict.ContainsKey(key))
            {
                m_noticeDict.Remove(key);
            }
        }
    }
}
           

方法稍微有点略多，但是值得关注的方法就是下面几个

IEnumerator Dispatcher()
public void sendNotification(...)
public void addObserver(...)
public void RemoveObserver(...)
           

首先来说第一个，第一个是消息循环遍历的方法，需要在游戏主对象中的start方法中使用协程开启消息循环遍历，写法如下：

//开启消息循环
        StartCoroutine(CDispatcher.Instance.Dispatcher());
           

然后和Cocos2dx一样，添加观察者

CDispatcher.Instance.addObserver("消息名字", [目标对象], 方法);
           

然后发送消息

CDispatcher.Instance.sendNotification("消息名字",[目标对象],[附加数据]);
           

下面是一个完整的使用例子：

protected void Start()
    {
        //开启消息循环
        StartCoroutine(CDispatcher.Instance.Dispatcher());
        CDispatcher.Instance.addObserver("我要睡觉", x => Debug.Log("睡觉"));
        CDispatcher.Instance.sendNotification("我要睡觉");
}
           

最后当然输出“睡觉”咯