opencv学习（二十三）寻找并绘制轮廓findCounters()/找出凸包convexHull()

1,查找轮廓findCounters()函数

2,绘制轮廓drawCounters()

实例1查找轮廓

#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int main()
{
    //【1】读图
    Mat srcimg = imread("D://1.jpg", );
    imshow("原始图", srcimg);

    //【2】初始化结果图
    Mat dstimg = Mat::zeros(srcimg.rows, srcimg.cols, CV_8UC3);

    //【3】取阈值大于119的原图部分
    srcimg = srcimg > ;
    imshow("取阈值后", srcimg);

    //【4】定义轮廓和层次结构
    vector<vector<Point>>contours;
    vector<Vec4i> hierarchy;

    //【5】查找轮廓
    findContours(srcimg, contours, hierarchy, RETR_CCOMP, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE);

    //【6】历遍所有顶层可以囊括，以随机颜色绘制出每个连接组件的颜色
    int index = ;
    for (;index>=;index=hierarchy[index][])
    {
        Scalar color(rand() & , rand() & , rand() & );//rand()&255用法
        drawContours(dstimg, contours, index, color, FILLED, , hierarchy);
    }
    //【7】显示最后轮廓图
    imshow("轮廓图", dstimg);

    waitKey();
}
           

实例2查找并绘制轮廓

#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

//全局变量申明
Mat g_srcimg, g_grayimg;
int g_thresh = ;
int g_thresh_max = ;
RNG g_rng();
Mat g_cannyMat_output;
vector<vector<Point>> g_vContours;
vector<Vec4i>g_vHierarchy;

//全局函数申明
void on_ThreshChange(int, void*);

//主函数
int main()
{
    //【1】读图处理
    g_srcimg = imread("D://1.jpg", );
    blur(g_srcimg, g_grayimg, Size(, ));
    imshow("灰度模糊降噪图", g_grayimg);

    //【2】创建滑动条
    createTrackbar("canny阈值", "灰度模糊降噪图", &g_thresh, g_thresh_max, on_ThreshChange);
    on_ThreshChange(, );
    waitKey();
    return();


}//【3】回调函数
void on_ThreshChange(int, void*)
{
    //【4】边缘检测
    Canny(g_grayimg, g_cannyMat_output, g_thresh, g_thresh * , );

    //【5】查找轮廓
    findContours(g_cannyMat_output, g_vContours, g_vHierarchy, RETR_TREE, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, Point(, ));


    //【6】绘制轮廓
    Mat drawing = Mat::zeros(g_cannyMat_output.size(), CV_8UC3);
    int i = ;
    for (; i <g_vContours.size(); i++)
    {
        Scalar color(g_rng.uniform(, ), g_rng.uniform(, ), g_rng.uniform(, ));// g_rng.uniform(0, 255))用法？
        drawContours(drawing, g_vContours, i, color, , , g_vHierarchy, , Point());
    }
    //【7】显示最后轮廓图
    imshow("轮廓图", drawing);
}
           

2,找凸包

实例3，随机点找凸包实例（vector出错–①复制时注意变动的东西②for循环语句后面不要跟封号；）

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int main()
{
    //初始化变量和随机值
    Mat image(, , CV_8UC3);
    RNG&rng = theRNG();

    //循环
    while ()
    {
        char key;//键值
        int count = (unsigned)rng %  + ;//随机生成点数量
        vector<Point> points;//点值

                            //随机生成坐标
        for (int i = ; i < count; i++)
        {
            Point point;
            point.x = rng.uniform(image.cols / , image.cols *  / );
            point.y = rng.uniform(image.rows / , image.rows *  / );//注意X，y分别赋值

            points.push_back(point);

        }

        //检测凸包
        vector<int>hull;
        convexHull(Mat(points), hull, true);


        //绘制出随机颜色点
        image = Scalar::all();

        for (int i = ; i < count; i++)//for后面不需要分号
        {
            circle(image, points[i], , Scalar(rng.uniform(, ), rng.uniform(, ), rng.uniform(, )), FILLED, LINE_AA);
        }


        //准备参数
        int hullcount = (int)hull.size();
        Point point0 = points[hull[hullcount - ]];//连接凸包边的坐标点


                                                   //绘凸包的边
        for (int i = ; i < hullcount; i++)
        {
            Point point = points[hull[i]];
            line(image, point0, point, Scalar(, , ), , LINE_AA);
            point0 = point;

        }
        imshow("凸包检测实例", image);
        //按下ESC或q退出
        key = (char)waitKey();
        if (key ==  || key == 'q' || key == 'Q')
            break;
    }
    return ;
}
           

实例4，对图片轮廓找凸包（类似实例2，画出轮廓后在对其求凸包）