python自学第一课!
python基础
1. 第一句python
==> 以后文件后缀名是 .py
2. 两种执行方式
python解释器 py文件路径
python 进入解释器:
实时输入并获取到执行结果
3. 解释器路径
#!/usr/bin/env python
4. 编码
# -*- coding:utf8 -*-
ascill 00000000 8位 中文不支持
unicode 0000000000000000+ 16位+ 简单的字符会占用内存
utf-8 能用多少表示就是用多少表示
Python3 无需关注编码,自动支持
Python2 每个文件中只要出现中文,头部必须加
5. 执行一个操作
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf8 -*-
#遇见input 永远等待,直到用户输入了值,就会将输入的值赋值给n,n代指用户输入的内容
#变量
n1 = input(\'请输入用户名: \')
n2 = input(\'请输入密码: \') #input 输入的都是字符串,输入的数字也当成字符串来处理
print(n1)
print(n2)
#变量,n1代指某一个变化的值
n1 = "alex"
n2 = "root"
print(n1)
print(n2)
变量:只能有字母数字下划线组成,不能以数字开头,不能使用python关键字
注释: #号单行注释 \'\'\'.......\'\'\'三个单引号多行注释
数据类型转换:
death_age = 80
name = input("your name :")
age = input("your age:")
#int integer 整数类型 把字符串转换为int,用int()
#str string 字符串类型,把数据转换为字符串,用str()
print("your name:",name)
print("you can still live for",death_age-int(age))
a.IF语句
n1 = input(\'>>>\')
if n1 == "alex":
n2 = input(\'>>>\')
if n2 == "确认":
print(\'alex SB\')
else:
print(\'alex DB\')
else:
print(\'error\')
# n1 = "alex"赋值 n1 == "alex"比较
b.
if 条件1:
pass
elif 条件2:
pass
elif 条件3:
pass
else:
pass
print(\'end\')
c.
if n1 == "alex" or n2 == "alex!23":
print(\'OK\')
else:
print(\'OK\')
基本数据类型
字符串 -: n1 = "alex" n2 = \'root\' n3 = """eric""" n4=\'\'\'tony\'\'\' 引号引起来的
n1="star"
n2 = n1*10 表示显示10次
数字 -: age=21 weight = 64 fight = 5
加减乘除等:
字符串:
加法:
n1 = "alex"
n2 = "sb"
n4 = "db"
n3 = n1 + n2 + n4
# "alexsbdb"
乘法:
n1 = "alex"
n3 = n1 * 10
数字:
n1 = 9
n2 = 2
n3 = n1 + n2
n4 = n1 - n2
n5 = n1 * n2
n6 = n1 / n2
n7 = n1 % n2 取余数
n8 = n1 ** n2
n9 = n1 // n2 取商
print(n3,n4,n5,n6,n7,n8,n9)
num = 12
n = num % 2
if n == 0:
print(\'偶数\')
else:
print(\'奇数\')
循环:
死循环
import time
while 1==1:
print(\'ok\',time.time())
print(132) #这行永远不会执行
import time
count = 0
while count < 10:
print(time.time())
count = count + 1
print(\'ok\')
练习:
#使用while循环输入1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
\'\'\'
i = 1
while i <= 10:
input(\'>>>\')
i=i+1
\'\'\'
#求1-100的所有数的和
\'\'\'
i = 1
a = 0
while i<= 100:
a = a + i
i = i+1
print(a)
\'\'\'
#输出1-100内的所有奇数
\'\'\'
i = 1
while i <= 100:
if i%2 == 1:
print(i)
i=i + 1
\'\'\'
#输出1-100内的所有偶数
\'\'\'
i = 1
while i <= 100:
if i%2 == 0:
print(i)
i=i + 1
\'\'\'
#求1-2+3-4+5...99所有的和
i = 1
s = 0
while i < 100:
if i % 2 == 0:
s = s - i
eles:
s = s + i
i = i + 1
#用户登录(三次机会重试)
\'\'\'
i = 1
username = "star"
userpassword = "123456"
while i <= 3:
name = input(\'请输入用户名:\')
password = input(\'请输入密码:\')
if name == username and password == userpassword:
print(\'登录成功\',name)
break
else:
print(\'用户名密码输入不正确\')
i = i + 1
\'\'\'