[C++杂谈]：MFC中使用excel2007读写excel表格

环境：vs2015，excel2007，win7 64位

第一步：建立MFC工程，导入Application Range Workbook Worksheet Workbooks Worksheets

//最终要包含的excel服务的头文件
#include "CApplication.h"  
#include "CRange.h"  
#include "CWorkbook.h"  
#include "CWorksheet.h"  
#include "CWorkbooks.h"  
#include "CWorksheets.h"             

第二步：建立excel服务初始化、资源关闭、excel保存的基类

//ExcelFileOp.h
#pragma once

#include "CApplication.h"  
#include "CRange.h"  
#include "CWorkbook.h"  
#include "CWorksheet.h"  
#include "CWorkbooks.h"  
#include "CWorksheets.h"  
#include <string>  
#include <utility>
#include <vector>
#include <map>
using namespace std;

// 进价、售价
struct _StrSaleInfo
{
    CString strStockPrice;
    CString strSalePrice;
};

// 货物信息
typedef map<CString, _StrSaleInfo>  _st_cargo_info_;
class CMyExcel
{
private:
    //标记Excel对象的变量  
    static CApplication *m_papp;    // excel app 指针，多个使用，但只初始化一次
    static int m_siInference;       // app 的引用计数，初始化一次+1，只有为0时才真正初始化，其他时候只做+1操作。析构自动-1，如果为0则释放m_papp
    CWorkbooks m_books;             // books

    long m_rowCount;    //标记Excel当前写入的列数  
    long m_sheetCount;  //标记Excel使用了多少标签页的变量  
    long m_totalRow;    //标记Excel总列数的变量  
    long m_totalCol;    //标记Excel总行数的变量  
    char *m_colPst;     //一个含有A-Z的数组  
    pair<long, long> m_cellPosition;    //cell的行和列
protected:

    COleVariant m_covTrue, m_covFalse, m_coverOptional, m_filePath;
    enum _EN_VISIBLE_
    {
        eUN_VISIBLE = 0,    // 可见
        eVISIBLE,   // 不可见
    };

    COleVariant covOptional;    // 初始化books、打开book的时候需要用到
    CApplication * fnGetApp()
    {
        return m_papp;
    }
public:
    CMyExcel();
    virtual ~CMyExcel();

};           

// ExcelFileOp.cpp
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "ExcelFileOp.h"
#include"stdafx.h"  

// 初始化静态成员
CApplication * CMyExcel::m_papp = NULL;
int CMyExcel::m_siInference = 0;

CMyExcel::CMyExcel() :m_rowCount(1), m_sheetCount(1), m_totalCol(256), m_totalRow(65536),covOptional((long)DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND, VT_ERROR)
{
    // 获取系统的excel句柄  
    if (NULL == m_papp)
    {
        m_papp = new CApplication;
        if (!m_papp->CreateDispatch(TEXT("Excel.Application")))
        {
            AfxMessageBox(_T("Could not start Excel and get Application object !"));
            return;
        }
    }

    m_siInference++;
    m_covTrue = COleVariant((short)TRUE);
    m_covFalse = COleVariant((short)FALSE);
    m_coverOptional = COleVariant((long)DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND, VT_ERROR);
    m_books = m_papp->get_Workbooks();

    m_papp->put_Visible(FALSE);     // 初始化excel为不可见
    m_papp->put_UserControl(FALSE); // 初始化控件为不可见
}



// 释放资源
CMyExcel::~CMyExcel()
{
    if (0 == --m_siInference)
    {
        m_books.Close();
        m_books.ReleaseDispatch();
        m_papp->Quit();
        m_papp->ReleaseDispatch();
        delete m_papp;
        m_papp = NULL;
    }
}           

第三步：创建实际的读写excel的类，继承于CMyExcel

// ExcelBookReadWrite.h
#pragma once
#include "ExcelFileOp.h"
class CExcelBookReadWrite :
    public CMyExcel
{
public:
    CExcelBookReadWrite(const CString &csFilePath,const bool bVisible = false);
    ~CExcelBookReadWrite();

private:
    _EN_VISIBLE_ m_eVisible;
    CWorkbooks m_books;
    CWorkbook m_book;
    CWorksheets m_sheets;
    //标记excel中当前写入的标签页  
    CWorksheet m_sheet;
    CRange m_range;     //标记写入的范围  
    CApplication *m_pAppInstance;
public:
    // 获取excel的行数
    virtual long fnGetLineCount();
    // 获取excel的列数
    virtual long fnGetCloCount();

    // 设置指定cell的值
    virtual void fnSetCell(const pair<long, long> &pos, const CString &csNews);
    // 获取指定cell的值
    virtual CString fnGetCell(const pair<long, long> &pos);
    // 获取当前cell的坐标（行、列）
    virtual pair<long, long> fnGetCellPosition();

    // 根据cell文字的长度，设置列的长度。如果pos为-1，-1则根据当前cell的内容来设置。设置长度时，先获取当前cell的长度，如果需要设置的长度较长则更新
    virtual void fnSetLineLength(const pair<long, long> &pos = make_pair(-1, -1));

    // 保存excel
    virtual void fnSaveBook();
};           

// ExcelBookReadWrite.cpp
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "ExcelBookReadWrite.h"

// 打开指定路径的excel
CExcelBookReadWrite::CExcelBookReadWrite(const CString &csFilePath, const bool bVisible)
{
    m_pAppInstance = fnGetApp();
    if (NULL == m_pAppInstance)
    {
        return;
    }


    m_books = m_pAppInstance->get_Workbooks();

    m_book = m_books.Open(csFilePath, covOptional, covOptional,
        covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional,
        covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional,
        covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional);

    m_sheets = m_book.get_Sheets();
    m_sheet = m_sheets.get_Item(COleVariant((short)1));
    m_range = m_sheet.get_UsedRange();

    CRange cols = m_range.get_EntireColumn();
    cols.AutoFit();
    m_eVisible = eVISIBLE;
    if (bVisible)
    {
        m_eVisible = eUN_VISIBLE;
    }
    m_pAppInstance->put_Visible(bVisible);
    m_pAppInstance->put_Visible(TRUE);
}

// 关闭打开的book
CExcelBookReadWrite::~CExcelBookReadWrite()
{
    // 如果此处不save，则会造成退出时，有残留的 excel.exe 进程
    m_book.put_Saved(TRUE);
    //m_book.Close();
    m_book.ReleaseDispatch();
}

// 获取excel当前sheet的行数（横向）
long CExcelBookReadWrite::fnGetLineCount()
{

    //_Worksheet ws;
    //Range range;

    //range ＝ ws.GetUsedRange();//获得Worksheet已使用的范围
    //range = range.GetRows();   //获得总行数（LPDISPATCH类型）
    //long UsedRows = range.GetCount(); //即可获得已使用的行数了。

    //获得列数也是一样的方法，把GetRows()改为GetColumns即可。
    //CRange range =   m_sheet.get_UsedRange();
    CRange rows = m_range.get_Rows();
    return rows.get_Count();
}

// // 获取excel当前sheet的列数（纵向）
long CExcelBookReadWrite::fnGetCloCount()
{
    //CRange range = m_sheet.get_UsedRange();
    CRange cols = m_range.get_Columns();
    return cols.get_Count();
}

void CExcelBookReadWrite::fnSetCell(const pair<long, long> &pos,CONST CString &csNews)
{
    m_range.AttachDispatch(m_sheet.get_Cells(),TRUE);
    m_range.put_Item(_variant_t(pos.first), _variant_t(pos.second), _variant_t(csNews));
}

CString  CExcelBookReadWrite::fnGetCell(const pair<long, long> &pos)
{
    m_range.AttachDispatch(m_sheet.get_Cells(), TRUE);
    return m_range.get_Item(_variant_t(pos.first), _variant_t(pos.second));
}

pair<long, long> CExcelBookReadWrite::fnGetCellPosition() 
{ 
    m_range.AttachDispatch(m_sheet.get_Cells(), TRUE);
    return make_pair(m_range.get_Column(), m_range.get_Row());
}

void CExcelBookReadWrite::fnSetLineLength(const pair<long, long> &pos)
{
    CRange cell = m_range.get_Item(COleVariant(long(pos.first)), COleVariant(long(pos.second))).pdispVal;
    CString cs = fnGetCell(pos);
    double dwidth = cs.GetLength()*0.7;

    // 将 _variant_t 转换为 long
    _variant_t val = cell.get_ColumnWidth();
    val.ChangeType(VT_R8);
    double dCurrentWidth = val.dblVal;
    // 如果目标长度比当前长度长，则改变长度
    if (dwidth > dCurrentWidth)
    {
        cell.put_ColumnWidth(_variant_t(dwidth));
    }
}

void CExcelBookReadWrite::fnSaveBook() 
{ 
    //m_book.put_Saved(TRUE);   //退出excel.exe必须

    // 设置自适应
    CRange cols = m_range.get_EntireColumn();
    cols.AutoFit();

    m_book.Save();  // 保存book
}           

第四步：读写excel，略

完整代码可在链接中下载，一个简单的excel读写MFC应用。

代码下载地址