文献速递—在开源软件开发环境中对“用户创新”进行话语建构

英文题目：Discursive construction of ‘user innovations’ in the open source software development context,

摘要：本文分析了开源软件开发中用户创新的话语结构。回顾了有关用户创新的文献，然后对这一主题进行了精细的概念化，包括福柯和技术传统的社会塑造。本文采用语篇分析方法来研究用户创新的过程和结果。通过解释性案例研究，确定了一组在开放源码软件项目网站中演变的话语，每个话语都暗示了开放源码软件用户和开放源码软件开发人员在软件生产和消费过程中的特定主题立场。在分析的语篇中，开放源码软件用户采用、协商、反对以及创造了特定类型的主题立场。开发者作为决策者和实现创新的人处于权威地位，但用户被允许作为共同创造者和共同培育者的重要地位。用户创新的特点是，为开放源码软件用户提供的主观性模式是一个持续、不断演变的共同创造过程。这种过程可以在其他类型的开发环境中进行实验。另一方面，本研究质疑了许多被视为理所当然的与用户创新相关的假设，强调了在任何情况下简单而直接地增强用户创新的困难。最后，讨论了对理论和实践的启示。

Abstract: This paper analyzes the discursive construction of user innovations in open source software (OSS) development. A review of the literature on user innovation is conducted, after which a refined conceptualization of this topic encompassing the Foucauldian and social shaping of technology traditions is offered. A discourse analytic approach is used to examine both the process and the outcome of user innovation. Through an interpretive case study, a set of discourses evolving within an OSS project's website is identified, each implying particular subject positions for the OSS users and OSS developers in software production and consumption processes. Particular kinds of subject positions for the OSS users are adopted, negotiated, opposed as well as created by the OSS users in the analyzed discourses. The developers are in an authoritative position as the decision-makers and the ones realizing the innovations, but the users are allowed important positions of co-creators and co-cultivators. User innovation is characterized as a continuous, evolving co-creation process of the modes of subjectivity offered for the OSS users. This kind of process could be experimented with in other kinds of development contexts. On the other hand, this study questions many assumptions related to user innovation that are taken for granted, highlighting the difficulty of simply and straightforwardly enhancing it in any context. Finally, implications for theory and practice are discussed.

来源期刊：Information and Organization，2010年

参考文献格式：Netta Iivari,Discursive construction of ‘user innovations’ in the open source software development context,Information and Organization,Volume 20, Issue 2,2010,Pages 111-132,ISSN 1471-7727,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infoandorg.2010.03.002.