文獻速遞—在開源軟體開發環境中對“使用者創新”進行話語建構

英文題目：Discursive construction of ‘user innovations’ in the open source software development context,

摘要：本文分析了開源軟體開發中使用者創新的話語結構。回顧了有關使用者創新的文獻，然後對這一主題進行了精細的概念化，包括福柯和技術傳統的社會塑造。本文采用語篇分析方法來研究使用者創新的過程和結果。通過解釋性案例研究，确定了一組在開放源碼軟體項目網站中演變的話語，每個話語都暗示了開放源碼軟體使用者和開放源碼軟體開發人員在軟體生産和消費過程中的特定主題立場。在分析的語篇中，開放源碼軟體使用者采用、協商、反對以及創造了特定類型的主題立場。開發者作為決策者和實作創新的人處于權威地位，但使用者被允許作為共同創造者和共同培育者的重要地位。使用者創新的特點是，為開放源碼軟體使用者提供的主觀性模式是一個持續、不斷演變的共同創造過程。這種過程可以在其他類型的開發環境中進行實驗。另一方面，本研究質疑了許多被視為理所當然的與使用者創新相關的假設，強調了在任何情況下簡單而直接地增強使用者創新的困難。最後，讨論了對理論和實踐的啟示。

Abstract: This paper analyzes the discursive construction of user innovations in open source software (OSS) development. A review of the literature on user innovation is conducted, after which a refined conceptualization of this topic encompassing the Foucauldian and social shaping of technology traditions is offered. A discourse analytic approach is used to examine both the process and the outcome of user innovation. Through an interpretive case study, a set of discourses evolving within an OSS project's website is identified, each implying particular subject positions for the OSS users and OSS developers in software production and consumption processes. Particular kinds of subject positions for the OSS users are adopted, negotiated, opposed as well as created by the OSS users in the analyzed discourses. The developers are in an authoritative position as the decision-makers and the ones realizing the innovations, but the users are allowed important positions of co-creators and co-cultivators. User innovation is characterized as a continuous, evolving co-creation process of the modes of subjectivity offered for the OSS users. This kind of process could be experimented with in other kinds of development contexts. On the other hand, this study questions many assumptions related to user innovation that are taken for granted, highlighting the difficulty of simply and straightforwardly enhancing it in any context. Finally, implications for theory and practice are discussed.

來源期刊：Information and Organization，2010年

參考文獻格式：Netta Iivari,Discursive construction of ‘user innovations’ in the open source software development context,Information and Organization,Volume 20, Issue 2,2010,Pages 111-132,ISSN 1471-7727,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infoandorg.2010.03.002.