linux常用命令总结 ---不定时更新

一 软件安装篇

1.rpm

rpm -ivh xxxxxxxx

2.*.tar.gz

# 1: Uncompress tarball

To uncompress them, execute the following command(s) depending on the extension:

$ tar zxf file.tar.gz

$ tar zxf file.tgz

$ tar jxf file.tar.bz2

$ tar jxf file.tbz2

Now change directory

$ ls

$ cd path-to-software/

# 2: Build and install software

Generally you need to type 3 commands as follows for building and compiling software:

# ./configure

# make

# make install

Where

    * ./configure will configure the software to ensure your system has the necessary functionality and libraries to successfully compile the package

    * make will compile all the source files into executable binaries.

    * Finally, make install will install the binaries and any supporting files into the appropriate locations.

# 3: Read INSTALL / README file

Each tarball comes with installation and build instructions. Open INSTALL or README file for more information:

$ vi INSTALL

二 系统篇

1.系统关机

# shutdown -k 2 Attention:System will shutdown soon!  //带参数k系统不会实际关机

# shutdown 2 Attention:System will shutdown soon!     //2分钟后实际执行shutdown命令

最快速关机命令     # shutdown -h now

定时关机命令

# shutdown 9:30

# shutdown +5

# shutdown now

取消关机命令，则只要按Ctrl+C键即可

2.系统重启

定时重启命令

# shutdown -r 9:30

# shutdown -r +5

# shutdown -r now

另外还有其他3个命令  1.halt  2.poweroff  3.reboot

注意：在实际执行关机前，最好先执行sync命令，因为它可以将内存缓冲区内的数据写回硬盘，以避免正在访问的数据丢失，最后执行shutdown命令。