puppet公有资源的用途:
puppet将资源完成任务与否的结果看为状态,正是这种特性让我们可以通过资源公有属性来建立与资源的关系,当建立了资源关联关系后,前者资源状态未成功时,后者资源可以通过资源共有属性来确认其最终执行结果,这就是公有资源属性的用途.
常用的公有资源:
before/require:定义资源的先后顺序,除此之外还有"->".
require:资源依赖,自身资源依赖哪个资源。
before:自身资源在哪个资源之前使用.
notify/subscribe:通知订阅.
notify:通知,自身发生改变通知remote资源
subcribe:订阅,当远程remote资源改变,自身做刷新操作
示例一:
以安装、启动httpd服务为例,puppet代码如下:
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<code>[root@sh-web1 ~]</code><code># cat httpd.pp </code>
<code>package {</code><code>"httpd"</code><code>:</code>
<code> </code><code>ensure => present,</code>
<code> </code><code>provider => </code><code>'yum'</code><code>,</code>
<code>}</code>
<code>service {</code><code>"httpd"</code><code>:</code>
<code> </code><code>ensure => running,</code>
<code> </code><code>enable</code> <code>=> </code><code>true</code><code>,</code>
注释:希望的结果是先安装httpd软件包,再启动httpd服务.
运行结果如下:
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<code>[root@sh-web1 ~]</code><code># puppet apply httpd.pp </code>
<code>Notice: Compiled catalog </code><code>for</code> <code>sh-web1.localdomain </code><code>in</code> <code>environment production </code><code>in</code> <code>0.04 seconds</code>
<code>Error: Could not start Service[httpd]: Execution of </code><code>'/sbin/service httpd start'</code> <code>returned 1: httpd: unrecognized service</code>
<code>Error: </code><code>/Stage</code><code>[main]</code><code>/Main/Service</code><code>[httpd]</code><code>/ensure</code><code>: change from stopped to running failed: Could not start Service[httpd]: Execution of </code><code>'/sbin/service httpd start'</code> <code>returned 1: httpd: unrecognized service</code>
<code>Notice: </code><code>/Stage</code><code>[main]</code><code>/Main/Package</code><code>[httpd]</code><code>/ensure</code><code>: created</code>
<code>Notice: Finished catalog run </code><code>in</code> <code>3.71 seconds</code>
<code>[root@sh-web1 ~]</code><code># rpm -qa httpd</code>
<code>httpd-2.2.15-60.el6.centos.6.x86_64</code>
<code>[root@sh-web1 ~]</code><code># /etc/init.d/httpd status</code>
<code>httpd is stopped</code>
注释:可以看到puppet代码运行过程中先启动了httpd服务,然后再安装的httpd包,顺序并非所希望的那样运行.
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示例二:
引入资源的公有属性require和before属性.
引入require的puppet代码:
<code> </code><code>require => Package[</code><code>'httpd'</code><code>],</code>
<code>Notice: </code><code>/Stage</code><code>[main]</code><code>/Main/Service</code><code>[httpd]</code><code>/ensure</code><code>: ensure changed </code><code>'stopped'</code> <code>to </code><code>'running'</code>
<code>Notice: Finished catalog run </code><code>in</code> <code>1.83 seconds</code>
<code>httpd (pid 14413) is running...</code>
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引入before资源的puppet代码:
<code> </code><code>before => Service[</code><code>'httpd'</code><code>],</code>
运行的结果如下:
<code>Notice: Compiled catalog </code><code>for</code> <code>sh-web1.localdomain </code><code>in</code> <code>environment production </code><code>in</code> <code>0.05 seconds</code>
<code>Notice: Finished catalog run </code><code>in</code> <code>2.14 seconds</code>
<code>httpd (pid 14665) is running...</code>
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示例三:
之前的文档写过exec示例时有subcribe参数,刚好拿来使用.
引入notify/subscribe公有资源:
改变haproxy的timeout的值,使用puppet的subcribe订阅功能的代码如下:
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<code>class haproxy::service {</code>
<code> </code><code>file</code> <code>{</code><code>'/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg'</code><code>:</code>
<code> </code><code>ensure => present,</code>
<code> </code><code>source</code> <code>=> </code><code>'puppet:///modules/haproxy/haproxy.cfg'</code><code>,</code>
<code> </code><code>exec</code> <code>{</code><code>"/etc/init.d/haproxy restart"</code><code>:</code>
<code> </code><code>path => [</code><code>'/sbin'</code><code>,</code><code>'/bin'</code><code>,],</code>
<code> </code><code>command</code> <code>=> </code><code>'service haproxy restart'</code><code>,</code>
<code> </code><code>subscribe => File[</code><code>'/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg'</code><code>],</code>
<code> </code><code>timeout => </code><code>'5'</code><code>,</code>
<code> </code><code>refreshonly => </code><code>true</code><code>,</code>
<code> </code><code>tries => </code><code>'2'</code><code>,</code>
<code> </code><code>try_sleep => </code><code>'3'</code><code>,</code>
<code> </code><code>}</code>
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<code>[root@sh-web1 ~]</code><code># puppet agent -t</code>
<code>Notice: Ignoring --listen on onetime run</code>
<code>Info: Retrieving pluginfacts</code>
<code>Info: Retrieving plugin</code>
<code>Info: Loading facts</code>
<code>Info: Caching catalog </code><code>for</code> <code>sh-web1.localdomain</code>
<code>Info: Applying configuration version </code><code>'1509023682'</code>
<code>Notice: </code><code>/Stage</code><code>[main]</code><code>/Haproxy</code><code>::Service</code><code>/File</code><code>[</code><code>/etc/haproxy/haproxy</code><code>.cfg]</code><code>/content</code><code>: </code>
<code>--- </code><code>/etc/haproxy/haproxy</code><code>.cfg2017-10-19 00:26:55.535720143 +0800</code>
<code>+++ </code><code>/tmp/puppet-file20171026-15120-3hpwyh-02017-10-26</code> <code>14:04:57.471321465 +0800</code>
<code>@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@</code>
<code> </code><code>retries 3</code>
<code> </code><code>timeout http-request 10s</code>
<code> </code><code>timeout queue 1m</code>
<code>- timeout connect 10s</code>
<code>+ timeout connect 20s</code>
<code> </code><code>timeout client 1m</code>
<code> </code><code>timeout server 1m</code>
<code> </code><code>timeout http-keep-alive 10s</code>
<code>Info: Computing checksum on </code><code>file</code> <code>/etc/haproxy/haproxy</code><code>.cfg</code>
<code>Info: </code><code>/Stage</code><code>[main]</code><code>/Haproxy</code><code>::Service</code><code>/File</code><code>[</code><code>/etc/haproxy/haproxy</code><code>.cfg]: Filebucketed </code><code>/etc/haproxy/haproxy</code><code>.cfg to puppet with </code><code>sum</code> <code>034aa86fec81774e5f81c691df0d92a3</code>
<code>Notice: </code><code>/Stage</code><code>[main]</code><code>/Haproxy</code><code>::Service</code><code>/File</code><code>[</code><code>/etc/haproxy/haproxy</code><code>.cfg]</code><code>/content</code><code>: content changed </code><code>'{md5}034aa86fec81774e5f81c691df0d92a3'</code> <code>to </code><code>'{md5}d94dac291f5d754ea13c2799f0c065c7'</code>
<code>Info: </code><code>/Stage</code><code>[main]</code><code>/Haproxy</code><code>::Service</code><code>/File</code><code>[</code><code>/etc/haproxy/haproxy</code><code>.cfg]: Scheduling refresh of Exec[</code><code>/etc/init</code><code>.d</code><code>/haproxy</code> <code>restart]</code>
<code>Notice: </code><code>/Stage</code><code>[main]</code><code>/Haproxy</code><code>::Service</code><code>/Exec</code><code>[</code><code>/etc/init</code><code>.d</code><code>/haproxy</code> <code>restart]: Triggered </code><code>'refresh'</code> <code>from 1 events</code>
<code>Notice: </code><code>/Stage</code><code>[main]</code><code>/Admin/Exec</code><code>[selinux]</code><code>/returns</code><code>: executed successfully</code>
<code>Notice: Finished catalog run </code><code>in</code> <code>0.57 seconds</code>
注释:当haprxoy的/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg发生改变是就会重启服务.
引入puppet公有资源属性notify主动通知功能的puppet代码:
<code> </code><code>notify => Exec[</code><code>'/etc/init.d/haproxy restart'</code><code>],</code>
<code>Info: Applying configuration version </code><code>'1509027044'</code>
<code>--- </code><code>/etc/haproxy/haproxy</code><code>.cfg2017-10-26 14:04:57.538321466 +0800</code>
<code>+++ </code><code>/tmp/puppet-file20171026-15376-1fnh0f2-02017-10-26</code> <code>14:10:44.544847207 +0800</code>
<code>- timeout connect 20s</code>
<code>+ timeout connect 30s</code>
<code>Info: </code><code>/Stage</code><code>[main]</code><code>/Haproxy</code><code>::Service</code><code>/File</code><code>[</code><code>/etc/haproxy/haproxy</code><code>.cfg]: Filebucketed </code><code>/etc/haproxy/haproxy</code><code>.cfg to puppet with </code><code>sum</code> <code>d94dac291f5d754ea13c2799f0c065c7</code>
<code>Notice: </code><code>/Stage</code><code>[main]</code><code>/Haproxy</code><code>::Service</code><code>/File</code><code>[</code><code>/etc/haproxy/haproxy</code><code>.cfg]</code><code>/content</code><code>: content changed </code><code>'{md5}d94dac291f5d754ea13c2799f0c065c7'</code> <code>to </code><code>'{md5}d5baea01fcfcb635dec5737a4ae67a3f'</code>
<code>Notice: Finished catalog run </code><code>in</code> <code>0.65 seconds</code>
注释:/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg文件发生变化,puppet主动去推的exec执行.
本文转自青衫解衣 51CTO博客,原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/215687833/1977355