puppet公有資源的用途:
puppet将資源完成任務與否的結果看為狀态,正是這種特性讓我們可以通過資源公有屬性來建立與資源的關系,當建立了資源關聯關系後,前者資源狀态未成功時,後者資源可以通過資源共有屬性來确認其最終執行結果,這就是公有資源屬性的用途.
常用的公有資源:
before/require:定義資源的先後順序,除此之外還有"->".
require:資源依賴,自身資源依賴哪個資源。
before:自身資源在哪個資源之前使用.
notify/subscribe:通知訂閱.
notify:通知,自身發生改變通知remote資源
subcribe:訂閱,當遠端remote資源改變,自身做重新整理操作
示例一:
以安裝、啟動httpd服務為例,puppet代碼如下:
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<code>[root@sh-web1 ~]</code><code># cat httpd.pp </code>
<code>package {</code><code>"httpd"</code><code>:</code>
<code> </code><code>ensure => present,</code>
<code> </code><code>provider => </code><code>'yum'</code><code>,</code>
<code>}</code>
<code>service {</code><code>"httpd"</code><code>:</code>
<code> </code><code>ensure => running,</code>
<code> </code><code>enable</code> <code>=> </code><code>true</code><code>,</code>
注釋:希望的結果是先安裝httpd軟體包,再啟動httpd服務.
運作結果如下:
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<code>[root@sh-web1 ~]</code><code># puppet apply httpd.pp </code>
<code>Notice: Compiled catalog </code><code>for</code> <code>sh-web1.localdomain </code><code>in</code> <code>environment production </code><code>in</code> <code>0.04 seconds</code>
<code>Error: Could not start Service[httpd]: Execution of </code><code>'/sbin/service httpd start'</code> <code>returned 1: httpd: unrecognized service</code>
<code>Error: </code><code>/Stage</code><code>[main]</code><code>/Main/Service</code><code>[httpd]</code><code>/ensure</code><code>: change from stopped to running failed: Could not start Service[httpd]: Execution of </code><code>'/sbin/service httpd start'</code> <code>returned 1: httpd: unrecognized service</code>
<code>Notice: </code><code>/Stage</code><code>[main]</code><code>/Main/Package</code><code>[httpd]</code><code>/ensure</code><code>: created</code>
<code>Notice: Finished catalog run </code><code>in</code> <code>3.71 seconds</code>
<code>[root@sh-web1 ~]</code><code># rpm -qa httpd</code>
<code>httpd-2.2.15-60.el6.centos.6.x86_64</code>
<code>[root@sh-web1 ~]</code><code># /etc/init.d/httpd status</code>
<code>httpd is stopped</code>
注釋:可以看到puppet代碼運作過程中先啟動了httpd服務,然後再安裝的httpd包,順序并非所希望的那樣運作.
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示例二:
引入資源的公有屬性require和before屬性.
引入require的puppet代碼:
<code> </code><code>require => Package[</code><code>'httpd'</code><code>],</code>
<code>Notice: </code><code>/Stage</code><code>[main]</code><code>/Main/Service</code><code>[httpd]</code><code>/ensure</code><code>: ensure changed </code><code>'stopped'</code> <code>to </code><code>'running'</code>
<code>Notice: Finished catalog run </code><code>in</code> <code>1.83 seconds</code>
<code>httpd (pid 14413) is running...</code>
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引入before資源的puppet代碼:
<code> </code><code>before => Service[</code><code>'httpd'</code><code>],</code>
運作的結果如下:
<code>Notice: Compiled catalog </code><code>for</code> <code>sh-web1.localdomain </code><code>in</code> <code>environment production </code><code>in</code> <code>0.05 seconds</code>
<code>Notice: Finished catalog run </code><code>in</code> <code>2.14 seconds</code>
<code>httpd (pid 14665) is running...</code>
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示例三:
之前的文檔寫過exec示例時有subcribe參數,剛好拿來使用.
引入notify/subscribe公有資源:
改變haproxy的timeout的值,使用puppet的subcribe訂閱功能的代碼如下:
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<code>class haproxy::service {</code>
<code> </code><code>file</code> <code>{</code><code>'/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg'</code><code>:</code>
<code> </code><code>ensure => present,</code>
<code> </code><code>source</code> <code>=> </code><code>'puppet:///modules/haproxy/haproxy.cfg'</code><code>,</code>
<code> </code><code>exec</code> <code>{</code><code>"/etc/init.d/haproxy restart"</code><code>:</code>
<code> </code><code>path => [</code><code>'/sbin'</code><code>,</code><code>'/bin'</code><code>,],</code>
<code> </code><code>command</code> <code>=> </code><code>'service haproxy restart'</code><code>,</code>
<code> </code><code>subscribe => File[</code><code>'/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg'</code><code>],</code>
<code> </code><code>timeout => </code><code>'5'</code><code>,</code>
<code> </code><code>refreshonly => </code><code>true</code><code>,</code>
<code> </code><code>tries => </code><code>'2'</code><code>,</code>
<code> </code><code>try_sleep => </code><code>'3'</code><code>,</code>
<code> </code><code>}</code>
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<code>[root@sh-web1 ~]</code><code># puppet agent -t</code>
<code>Notice: Ignoring --listen on onetime run</code>
<code>Info: Retrieving pluginfacts</code>
<code>Info: Retrieving plugin</code>
<code>Info: Loading facts</code>
<code>Info: Caching catalog </code><code>for</code> <code>sh-web1.localdomain</code>
<code>Info: Applying configuration version </code><code>'1509023682'</code>
<code>Notice: </code><code>/Stage</code><code>[main]</code><code>/Haproxy</code><code>::Service</code><code>/File</code><code>[</code><code>/etc/haproxy/haproxy</code><code>.cfg]</code><code>/content</code><code>: </code>
<code>--- </code><code>/etc/haproxy/haproxy</code><code>.cfg2017-10-19 00:26:55.535720143 +0800</code>
<code>+++ </code><code>/tmp/puppet-file20171026-15120-3hpwyh-02017-10-26</code> <code>14:04:57.471321465 +0800</code>
<code>@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@</code>
<code> </code><code>retries 3</code>
<code> </code><code>timeout http-request 10s</code>
<code> </code><code>timeout queue 1m</code>
<code>- timeout connect 10s</code>
<code>+ timeout connect 20s</code>
<code> </code><code>timeout client 1m</code>
<code> </code><code>timeout server 1m</code>
<code> </code><code>timeout http-keep-alive 10s</code>
<code>Info: Computing checksum on </code><code>file</code> <code>/etc/haproxy/haproxy</code><code>.cfg</code>
<code>Info: </code><code>/Stage</code><code>[main]</code><code>/Haproxy</code><code>::Service</code><code>/File</code><code>[</code><code>/etc/haproxy/haproxy</code><code>.cfg]: Filebucketed </code><code>/etc/haproxy/haproxy</code><code>.cfg to puppet with </code><code>sum</code> <code>034aa86fec81774e5f81c691df0d92a3</code>
<code>Notice: </code><code>/Stage</code><code>[main]</code><code>/Haproxy</code><code>::Service</code><code>/File</code><code>[</code><code>/etc/haproxy/haproxy</code><code>.cfg]</code><code>/content</code><code>: content changed </code><code>'{md5}034aa86fec81774e5f81c691df0d92a3'</code> <code>to </code><code>'{md5}d94dac291f5d754ea13c2799f0c065c7'</code>
<code>Info: </code><code>/Stage</code><code>[main]</code><code>/Haproxy</code><code>::Service</code><code>/File</code><code>[</code><code>/etc/haproxy/haproxy</code><code>.cfg]: Scheduling refresh of Exec[</code><code>/etc/init</code><code>.d</code><code>/haproxy</code> <code>restart]</code>
<code>Notice: </code><code>/Stage</code><code>[main]</code><code>/Haproxy</code><code>::Service</code><code>/Exec</code><code>[</code><code>/etc/init</code><code>.d</code><code>/haproxy</code> <code>restart]: Triggered </code><code>'refresh'</code> <code>from 1 events</code>
<code>Notice: </code><code>/Stage</code><code>[main]</code><code>/Admin/Exec</code><code>[selinux]</code><code>/returns</code><code>: executed successfully</code>
<code>Notice: Finished catalog run </code><code>in</code> <code>0.57 seconds</code>
注釋:當haprxoy的/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg發生改變是就會重新開機服務.
引入puppet公有資源屬性notify主動通知功能的puppet代碼:
<code> </code><code>notify => Exec[</code><code>'/etc/init.d/haproxy restart'</code><code>],</code>
<code>Info: Applying configuration version </code><code>'1509027044'</code>
<code>--- </code><code>/etc/haproxy/haproxy</code><code>.cfg2017-10-26 14:04:57.538321466 +0800</code>
<code>+++ </code><code>/tmp/puppet-file20171026-15376-1fnh0f2-02017-10-26</code> <code>14:10:44.544847207 +0800</code>
<code>- timeout connect 20s</code>
<code>+ timeout connect 30s</code>
<code>Info: </code><code>/Stage</code><code>[main]</code><code>/Haproxy</code><code>::Service</code><code>/File</code><code>[</code><code>/etc/haproxy/haproxy</code><code>.cfg]: Filebucketed </code><code>/etc/haproxy/haproxy</code><code>.cfg to puppet with </code><code>sum</code> <code>d94dac291f5d754ea13c2799f0c065c7</code>
<code>Notice: </code><code>/Stage</code><code>[main]</code><code>/Haproxy</code><code>::Service</code><code>/File</code><code>[</code><code>/etc/haproxy/haproxy</code><code>.cfg]</code><code>/content</code><code>: content changed </code><code>'{md5}d94dac291f5d754ea13c2799f0c065c7'</code> <code>to </code><code>'{md5}d5baea01fcfcb635dec5737a4ae67a3f'</code>
<code>Notice: Finished catalog run </code><code>in</code> <code>0.65 seconds</code>
注釋:/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg檔案發生變化,puppet主動去推的exec執行.
本文轉自青衫解衣 51CTO部落格,原文連結:http://blog.51cto.com/215687833/1977355