Underground pests refer to omnivorous insects that live in the soil at some stage of life or harm the underground part of plants, seeds, seedlings or near the main stem of the surface of the soil, there are many species, mainly including grubs, grubs, golden needle worms, ground tigers, root maggots, root soil aphids, root aphids, quasi-ground beetles, crickets, rice root leaf beetles, cane root soil cattle and termites, etc., let's take a look at it together!
Caddisflies
The common names of the scorpion are ploughing dogs, lara maggots, pickpocket dogs, earth dog pups, silkworms, etc., for incomplete perversion, it takes about three years to complete a generation. Adults or larger nymphs overwinter in soil cavities and begin to be active in April and May of the following year, harming seedlings of corn and other crops. Nymphs gradually grow into adults and continue to harm corn. Overwintering adults begin laying eggs in mid-June. Hatching in early July, initial hatching, larvae are clustered, 3 years old disperse the hazard, to autumn up to 8 to 9 years old, deep into the soil overwintering. The second spring overwintering nymphs continue to be harmful, reaching 12 to 13 years of age in the autumn and overwintering in the soil. In the spring of the third year, there is a hazard of activity.
grubs
Grubs are the larvae of the golden turtle carapace, also known as white soil silkworms, walnut worms, etc., adult insects are commonly known as golden turtle shells or scarab beetles, which harm a variety of plants and vegetables. According to its feeding habits, it can be divided into three categories: plant-feeding, dung-eating, and scavenger, among which plant-feeding grubs have a wide range of feeding properties, endanger a variety of crops, cash crops and flower seedlings, and prefer to eat newly sown seeds, roots, tubers and seedlings, which is a worldwide underground pest and is very harmful.
Golden needle worm
Golden needle worm, also known as tin worm, iron stripe worm, slug, etc., is the larvae of the kowtow worm, which harms the root of the plant, the stem base, eats organic matter, and eats many kinds of tobacco. Larvae live in the soil for a long time, mainly harmful cereals, potatoes, beans, sugar beets, cotton and various vegetables and forest seedlings, etc., can bite the seeds just sown, eat endosperm so that it can not germinate, such as the emergence of seedlings can be harmful to the roots, main roots and the underground part of the stem, so that the seedlings die, the main root of the affected part is not neat, but also into the tubers and roots.
cutworm
Ground tigers are also known as root-cutting insects, night thieves, commonly known as ground silkworms, soil silkworms, etc., there are many types, and there are more than 10 kinds of agricultural crops that cause harm. Among them, small land tigers, yellow land tigers, land tigers, white-sided land tigers and police-striped land tigers are particularly serious, all of which are infested by larvae, and the hosts and harmful objects are cotton, corn, sorghum, millet, wheat, potatoes, beans, hemp, alfalfa, tobacco, sugar beets, rapeseed, melons and a variety of vegetables, etc., and the seedlings of medicinal plants, pastures and forest nurseries are also often affected.
Root maggots
Root maggots are omnivorous underground pests, mainly cotton, corn, potatoes, beans, melons, cruciferous vegetables, spinach, onions, garlic, etc., often drilled into seeds or seedling stems for pests, or mothed from the bottom up in the rhizome, so that the whole plant dies, resulting in lack of seedlings and ridges.
cricket
Crickets, also known as crickets, night bugs, stove chickens, etc., are important agricultural pests in northeast China, north China, the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and south China, destroying the roots, stems, leaves, fruits and seeds of various crops, and the damage to seedlings is particularly serious. It also harms maize, jute, tobacco, cotton, soybeans and cassava, often causing a lack of seedlings and affecting harvests.
Root earth bugs
Root soil bugs, also known as wheat root bugs, occur in North China, Northeast China and Inner Mongolia, and are more harmful to corn, wheat and sorghum, as well as other grass crops, legumes, tobacco, etc. Usually, the sap is sucked up in the roots of crops such as corn, so that the plant is yellow wilt and shortened at the seedling stage, and the heavy one can cause the whole plant to wither and die during the filling stage.
Root aphids
There are many types of root aphids, and cotton root aphids mainly harm cotton, beans, broad beans, sweet peas, potatoes, tobacco, tomatoes, kale, turnips, beets, wheat, oats, rye, millet, etc. Beet root aphids are harmed by aphids, if aphids concentrate on the roots, suck the sap, the roots shrink and turn black or rot, and the plants have yellow leaves and wither. Phaseolus vulgaris root aphid mainly harms the roots of beans, peas, broad beans, safflower beans, sugar beets, potatoes, tomatoes, kale, turnips, cabbage, carrots, wheat, oats, rye, millet, tang calamus, cotton and other crops.
Quasi-ground armor
Pseudo-ground beetles, also known as pseudo-walking insects, pseudo-step beetles, etc., larvae, also known as sand diving, are agricultural pests, adult insects are mainly harmful to wheat, cotton, hemp, beans, sorghum, millet, peanuts, alfalfa and fruit tree seedlings. The larvae are infested with freshly sown seeds and crop seedlings that will be unearthed, and can also bite off the rhizomes of the seedlings, resulting in a lack of seedlings and ridges.
termite
Termites have a wide range of feeding properties, its nutrients are derived from plants, to plant cellulose and its products as the main food, in general, termites are not important pests for China's crops, but the harm to cash crops sugarcane is still more serious, while some termites will harm trees, destroy house buildings, river embankments.
Rice root leaf beetle
Rice root leaf beetle also known as rice root goldenrod, the larvae are concentrated in the root of rice to bite the root of the whiskers, the affected rice plant grows slowly, the roots are blackened, the rice leaves are yellow, the effective tillers and panicle grains are significantly reduced, when the whole plant is dead, the affected rice plant is gently uprooted, and a large number of larvae and pupae can be found attached to the rice root. In addition to harming rice, it can also eat a variety of aquatic plants such as barnyard, peregrine, lotus, long-leaved zephyllum, dwarf mushroom, duck tongue grass and eye vegetables, of which eye vegetables are its important wild hosts.
Cane root earth cattle
Cane root soil Tianniu, also known as cane root saw cattle, cane root Tianniu, etc., is widely distributed in Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan and Yunnan and other major cane-producing areas, mainly larvae bite the root neck and main root under the soil of the host plant, resulting in the death of the whole plant.
Walnut root weevil
Walnut root elephant beetle, also known as walnut cross-ditch elephant, walnut macula, etc., is distributed in Henan, Shaanxi, Sichuan and Yunnan and other walnut producing areas, with larvae in the walnut root as the damage to the cortex, in the bottom of the slope and the village next to the soil fertile places and the growth of walnut trees are more serious.
Prevention Methods:
First, the drug seed mixing:
Use methyl phosphorus, octyl thion and other seeds, and the amount of seed mixing is 0.1% to 0.3% of the seed weight. Specifically, 60% methylphosphorus, 40% methyl isosalphosphorus is 0.2%, 50% octyl thiophos is 0.1%, and 20% methyl isosalphosphorus emulsion is 0.3%. First dissolve the agent with about 3 kg of water, then spray it evenly on the seeds and mix well, dry until it is semi-dry and sow. Seed is mixed according to 0.01% to 0.1% of seed weight. This method can also be used for seeding of vegetable crops.
2. Sprinkle poisonous soil:
Use 40% Lesben to control underground pests, mix fine sand soil 15 to 20 kg per 150 ml, and also use 75% octyl thionate or pyrethroids and other emulsions, respectively, in the ratio of 1:2000 to mix into poisonous soil, 20 to 25 kg per acre, spread near the crop.
Third, the poison bait booby trap:
Stir-fry cornmeal with 90% crystalline 30 times the solution, add green vegetable leaves, and sprinkle on the ground around the crop in the evening. Or chop fresh grass or vegetables, use 50% octyl thiophos 100 grams plus water to adjust 2 to 2.5 kg, spray on 1000 kg of grass, in the evening divided into small piles placed in the field, booby trap tigers. Each mu is mixed with fried fragrant (soybean cake, wheat bran, sorghum, corn, etc.) feed 1.5 to 2 kg, or 50% octyl thiophos 50 grams, or 40% methyl isothion 50 grams plus water mixed evenly, sprinkled around the field crop rhizosphere in the evening, the anti-effect of tigers and caddisflies on the ground can reach 80 to 90%.
Fourth, spray prevention and control:
With 50% octyl thiophos 800 times liquid, along the ridge for ground spraying, with 25% bromide 30 to 40 liters of water plus 75 kg of water after sunset for routine spraying, stems and leaves should be sprayed wet, sprayed 1 to 2 times, can effectively kill the tiger.
Fifth, the chemical treatment of soil:
Use 50% octyl thiophosphorus emulsion 200 to 250 grams per acre, add water 10 times spray on 25 to 30 kilograms of fine soil and mix well to make poisonous soil, apply along the ridge, and then shallow hoe.