<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="453" >01 The north country is beautiful and independent</h1>
There is a woman whose opera achievements can be compared with Mei Lanfang, which makes Tan Xinpei sigh to himself;
There is a woman, Hua Rongyue has a strong temperament, and has fascinated 5 presidents in her life.
There was a woman who loved the country to promote freedom, which made Premier Zhou listen to it and work hard.
This woman is Liu Xikui of the Great King of Kunling.
She was the first actress in China to act in a modern play.
Liu Xikui was born in 1894 in Cangzhou, Hebei Province, and his original name was Liu Zhihao.
Her father, Liu Yiwen, was a navy member of the Qing Dynasty. As one of the soldiers of the Beiyang Army Division, Liu Yiwen had high hopes for his children.
Therefore, before the expedition, he specially named the child Liu Zhihao, hoping that the child was a person with lofty ambitions and could accompany himself to make a career in the future.
After the Sino-Japanese War, Liu Yiwen was killed, and her grandfather Liu Xingtai took the family to Tianjin to make a living, although Liu Zhihao often did not have enough to eat, but she developed a strong interest in opera.
You must know that Tianjin is the hometown of music and art, and Tianjin people have grown up in the jar, so even Xiao Zhihao has heard about it.
In 1903, my grandfather could no longer provide for Liu Zhihao, and seeing that Xiao Zhihao was interested in singing, he took the eight-year-old Liu Zhihao and signed a contract with Li Haikeban in Tianjin.
Since then, Liu Zhihao is a member of Li Haike's class, seven years of learning art, the class owner will teach her to sing opera for her to live, but relatively after completing the study, she will sing for three years for Li Haike class for free.
In the process of learning art, all natural disasters and man-made disasters, all cars and horses are all destined for each of them, and have nothing to do with the class.
This is equivalent to signing a death contract, Liu Zhihao remembers the last time his grandfather saw her, the old face is full of reluctance, telling her to learn the art seriously, after growing up to find food and clothing, the grandfather will leave without looking back.
Never heard from again. Liu Zhihao thus officially entered the department and changed his name to Liu Xikui according to the ranking of the class.
Liu Xikui has a systematic study of Wusheng, Lao Sheng, and Dao Ma Dan in the class, and these professions are the most picky and singing skills, Liu Xikui relies on three points of hard work in his bones, three points of technical ingenuity, three points of outstanding appearance, plus one point of aura, and everyone in the class who has seen her act is applauded.
Unfortunately, at that time, there had been no female performance on the stage for nearly a hundred years, and the prohibition of women on stage had become an unwritten rule of the pear garden line. Therefore, Liu Xikui can only work hard in private, and she believes that she will always be able to take the stage one day.
In 1904, ten-year-old Liu Xikui met Song Yongzhen, a master of Hebei Zizi, while practicing privately. This Song Yongzhen is not simple, he was sixteen years old as Zidan on stage, he sang half the sky red, people gave the stage name "Sixteen Red".
However, because of his straightforward personality and frizzy behavior, he was escorted to the county court twice by the magnates, and his stage name was changed to "Mao Maodan".
How could The 32-year-old Song Yongzhen appear in Li Haike's class? It turned out that at that time, Song Yongzhen was invited by Niu Zihou to go to the capital to congratulate the establishment of "Xi Liancheng" (the largest Peking Opera class in Beijing), but also to perform in the capital, Tianjin and Yantai.
Ten-year-old Liu Xikui immediately entered Song Yongzhen's eyes, perhaps the two are Hebei people's relationship, as soon as they met, they were very close, Liu Xikui immediately worshiped Song Yongzhen as a teacher, and learned Hebei Zizi with him.
After leaving school, Liu Xikui entered the industry as a martial artist, although subject to the policy of "men and women are not allowed to perform on the same stage", but the tea garden and the amusement garden always have places for people to sing.
As long as there is a string pulling board, the body is also singing, it is precisely because Liu Xikui cherishes every performance opportunity and follows the principle that the drama is bigger than the sky, and soon gained the fans of Tianjin.
Whenever the hanging water sign has Liu Xikui's name, it must be full, the audience fans gradually found that women on stage singing have a different flavor, and women on the stage gradually began to appear as Dan horns, I have to say that Liu Xikui has a credit.
In 1911, when the seventeen-year-old Liu Xikui was shining, she had a pre-audience popularity and accepted the guidance of Wang Zhongsheng, and she boldly adapted the "Two Counties Order" into a new fashion play and put it on the stage.
Wearing fashion on the stage reflects social problems, and uses opera as a medium to drive more people to pay attention to the current society.
In 1914, the twenty-year-old Liu Xikui was a "national superstar". After experiencing the Xinhai Revolution and embracing new ideas, she desperately wanted to bring more perspectives to the masses.
She hopes that no matter whether the fans are pawns of peddlers or dignitaries, just by watching her plays, they can understand that the country at this time needs a prescription, a cure called democratic science.
Some students returned from overseas and received the influence of opera from an early age, wrote many new scripts combined with current affairs, and invited Liu Xikui to sing it.
There is a sentence in it: When the enthusiasm for revolution is in the heart, how can it be hot in words? Whoever often boasts that he can tell others about his righteous deeds, so does the fake revolution! It won the applause of the whole hall.
Skillfully integrating the concept of national salvation and revolutionary ideas into the drama can not only make it easy for those who listened to opera at that time to accept it, but also stimulate the patriotic enthusiasm of the audience. This move really lived up to the real name her father gave her- Liu Zhihao, who was really a person with lofty ambitions.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="481" >02 5 presidents pursue, marriage is bumpy, widows and hearts</h1>
Liu Xikui is petite, his face is like a silver plate, Qiu Shui contains an eye, his eyebrows are not painted, his lips are not dotted and Zhu, his posture is straight, he is standing tall, and some people may ask, which is good to look at if this petite face is like a silver plate?
In fact, singing and acting, if the height is too high, then wearing soap boots is like stepping on small stilts, higher than ordinary people, but not like the characters in the play.
And singing to cover the head, if it is a melon face, but can not support this makeup, you need to get a goose egg face, plus the head face decoration, is the brilliance, the heavens under the mortal.
Therefore, the people who came to see Liu Xikui's play were singing at her and singing at her appearance. People who are fortunate enough to see Liu Xikui's appearance on the stage all sigh their beauty, and some people want to kiss Fangze.
Yuan Shikai, who had a birthday feast the year before he became emperor, invited Liu Xikui to come to the concert in an attempt to take her as a tenth aunt before Liu Xikui took the stage, but Liu Xikui understood his purpose in advance and resolutely refused.
Later, after the second president, Li Yuanhong, took office, he also wanted to invite Liu Xikui to sing the church, but Liu Xikui also cleverly refused. Some people may wonder whether Liu Xikui, a dignitary who openly refuses to take the presidency, is not afraid of the consequences that will ensue?
At that time, Liu Xikui was already a well-known KunLing, and there were many fans, from scholars to celebrities, from boatmen to porters, from soldiers to presidents, there were almost no people who were not obsessed with her.
If Yuan Shikai and Li Yuanhong make a big fuss because of Liu Xikui's refusal, they will certainly be indignant, and because of the momentary anger, they will have resentment in vain, so why bother?
After that, Feng Guozhang and Xu Shichang both more or less pursued Liu Xikui, but Liu Xikui did not agree. It's a good year, doesn't she have anyone to move?
In 1915, Lu Zheng, then the minister of foreign affairs, held a church meeting and invited the popular Liu Xikui, Mei Lanfang, Tan Xinpei, and Yang Xiaolou to sing.
I ordered three folding plays, namely "HongYang Cave", which most tested laosheng's singing voice, "Water Curtain Cave", which tested Wusheng Monkey Opera, and "Noble Concubine Drunk", which tested Hua Dan's body.
Also ordered a whole book of "Flower Field Mistake", the plot of this play is novel, involving men dressed as women, and the viewers are pulled by the plot and laugh. This is also the first time that Liu Xikui and Mei Lanfang have met on the stage.
Three years later, the Suncheon Times once again put the names of the two together. At that time, "ShunTian Times" presided over the selection of the king of the Ling world. As a result, Mei Lanfang was elected as the King of Men with 232,000 votes, and Liu Xikui was elected as the King of Kunling with 238,000 votes.
Liu Xikui and Mei Lanfang have intersected more since then, the two appreciate each other, and they also have secret feelings, but a sudden incident made Liu Xikui decide to cut off the love thread.
At that time, the fifth president of the Republic of China, Cao Kun, turned fifty-nine, and with the exquisite emphasis of celebrating the ninth and not celebrating the tenth, he threw a feast for the sixtieth birthday and also invited Liu Xikui to attend the church meeting.
Cao Kun was shocked to see Liu Xikui at first sight, and after Liu Xikui stepped down, he forcibly left Liu Xikui in Cao Mansion.
Cao Kun
At that time, Cao Kun's third aunt, Chen Hanrui, was arrogant and indulgent, and was Cao Kun's favorite aunt, and she had also seen Liu Xikui's appearance, afraid that Cao Kun would forget herself when she had a new person.
So there was a big disturbance at the venue, Cao Kun was busy coaxing Chen Hanrui, and Liu Xikui took advantage of the chaos and fled.
Back in the drama class, Liu Xikui was still in shock, she knew that this was not the first time that a powerful person had beaten her own idea.
If he and Mei Lanfang are in a common relationship at this time, then Mei Lanfang will definitely encounter many difficulties after singing, and he will not hurt him, after pondering for a long time, Liu Xikui decided to marry as soon as possible, but he must not marry Mei Lanfang.
Liu Xikui saw in the newspaper that a non-commissioned officer named Cui Changzhou reported corruption to her superiors, and she thought that this must be a righteous person, so she asked a close associate to see for herself, if this person is of outstanding character and looks good, then she will marry him.
After the confidant met Cui Changzhou, he told Liu Xikui that Cui Changzhou had thick eyebrows and big eyes, and that there was a sense of righteousness in the conversation that could be entrusted for life.
Liu Xikui was overjoyed, and the two sides agreed that liangchen ji would be able to pass through the door in the future. But Liu Xikui did not expect that on the wedding night, the groom changed a person.
It turned out that Cui Changzhou himself was suffering from lung disease, and he was afraid that Liu Xikui would dislike himself, so he found a young guard in the army to go on a blind date instead of himself, and after getting married, he explained the reason to his wife.
The matter is a foregone conclusion, Liu Xikui and her husband agreed on three chapters of the law.
First, after marriage, you must continue to appear on stage;
Second, I don't want children for the time being.
Third, the husband and wife join hands and shoulders, and must not leave without reason, Cui Changzhou agreed one by one.
After the two got married, they published a marriage statement in the newspaper, and Liu Xikui thought that after becoming a relative, he would dispel the thoughts of those warlords and magnates, who knew that the real misfortune had just begun.
Yuan Keding, who saw the news in the newspaper, was mad, he had long loved Liu Xikui, but he was quickly boarded by an unknown pawn. Cao Kun was also furious and decided to give Cui Changzhou a little color to see.
Yuan Keding
On the fourth day after the marriage, Cui Changzhou was transferred from the capital by his superiors and traveled around the city. This boss's name is Lu Jin, the boss who was reported for corruption by Cui Changzhou.
This Lu Jin was the army deputy commander under Cao Kun, after the last corruption incident, he originally had a grudge against Cui Changzhou, this time Cao Kun because of the loss of beauty, acquiesced to Lu Jin's rectification of Cui Changzhou, Lu Jin was even more wanton.
Knowing that Cui Changzhou's body was in trouble, Lu Jin specially transferred him to a foreign country. Cui Changzhou's front foot had just landed in Henan, and he was still rectifying his bags, when people were sleepy and tired.
After arriving in Jiangxi, he was transferred to Fujian again, so that cui Changzhou's health was getting worse and worse.
On the way, Yuan Keding's people tried to assassinate Cui Changzhou, but they were all evaded by Cui Changzhou, and these assassinations continued until the defeat of the Yuan family.
Because of the long-term travel for orders, and sometimes to hide around for assassination, Cui Changzhou's lung disease recurred, and in the third year after marriage, Cui Changzhou fell ill and died.
Liu Xikui understood that even if he married, he could not stop those who coveted him, but instead killed a person, and Liu Xikui made up his mind to remain widowed for life and never marry again.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="519" >03 Returning to the stage and shining, patriotic blood has not been extinguished</h1>
In the next ten years, Liu Xikui bid farewell to his favorite stage, buried his name in the dark alley, and recalled that it was like a dream of Nanke, but unfortunately the deceased people will never come back.
For Liu Xikui's departure, many fans feel sorry, and they are still looking forward to Liu Xikui's return to the stage and singing a "Monopoly of Flowers".
When war broke out in 1937, the Japanese army was well aware of Liu Xikui's influence among the masses, and after discovering her reclusive residence, he asked her to come out of the mountain and perform for the Japanese army.
But Liu Xikui was not moved and sternly refused. He immediately moved out of his original residence and began his first performance after leaving the mountain.
Liu Xikui went to places outside the Occupied Area of All Days, her Hebei Zizi voice cavity was high-pitched and exciting, the singing voice was round and gentle, and all Liu Xikui's performances, the fans must be present, but Liu Xikui went out of the mountain this time, but it was not just for the applause of flowers.
At present, the people are not happy, the land displaced people trampled by the iron hooves of the Japanese army are lost, Liu Xikui in order to comfort the exiled people in the war, decided to donate all the performance remuneration earned, this way, how much she performed, how much she earned, how much donations to the people.
Soon after the flood in Anhui, the roof leaked during the overnight rain, the people of Anhui were swept by the Japanese army, and then suffered from floods, and the former homeland was instantly destroyed, Liu Xikui heard the news, and immediately took out 2,000 oceans from his savings to help the victims.
You must know that a piece of ocean in the Republic of China period is equivalent to one hundred yuan now, and two thousand oceans is a whole two million, and the price was not high in the Republic of China at that time.
There are not many people who take out two thousand oceans in one go, and even the military commander's wife who participated in disaster relief at the same time is ashamed of herself. Liu Xikui's patriotic feelings can be seen.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="529" >04 Devote yourself to education, and the skills are passed on</h1>
After the war, Liu Xikui chose to live in seclusion in the countryside and guard half an acre of square ponds, and his life was relatively relaxed. She still pays attention to the news in the newspapers and the movements of the music industry.
She and Tian Han, who loves to create and is full of patriotic feelings, have a certain personal relationship, and the two have a certain common topic on opera creation.
After the founding of New China, when the people were immersed in the joy of the country regaining its footing, Chairman Mao and Premier Zhou had a deeper consideration. In addition to the need for further planning in the economic and political field, the cultural field is also an important part that cannot be ignored.
The culture of a nation can inspire the spirit of the people and is also the root of a nation, especially in opera, when television sets were not yet listed in China.
But opera has been sung for a thousand years, almost everyone will hum two sentences, if there can be a talented person who is full of enthusiasm for the country, how good it would be to go down to the grassroots level to help cultural construction.
At this time, Premier Zhou had a candidate in mind - Liu Xikui. When Premier Zhou was a teenager, he had heard Liu Xikui's new fashion drama, and while she used the drama to sing revolutionary new ideas to the people, she also inspired her young self, and after consulting with Chairman Mao, Premier Zhou began to look for Liu Xikui.
When Tian Han heard about this, he took the initiative to inform Premier Zhou that the place where Liu Xikui lived in seclusion was far away in front of him, and Liu Xikui lived in The Mashuo Hutong outside Beijing. Premier Zhou took the initiative to visit Liu Xikui.
Liu Xikui has since returned to the stage, "Hua Kui" took the stage, fans rushed to buy tickets, and soon the tickets sold out.
In 1950, through the recommendation of Premier Zhou, Liu Xikui became a teacher in the Hebei Zizi class of the Chinese opera school.
For the next fifteen years, Liu Xikui devoted himself to teaching students in his teaching position, hoping to pass on the play of Hebei.
In 1964, Liu Xikui died of illness and was buried in Babaoshan at the age of 70.
Liu Xikui's life is splendid, she loves opera and refuses to compromise with the magnates; she loves the motherland and refuses to compromise with the enemy; she loves the people and refuses to compromise with time; she is China's first actress - Liu Xikui.