Hello fellow tourists! Welcome to the Forest of Stone Steles Museum scenic spot in Xi'an. I am Xiao Zhao, the tour guide of the Xi'an Forest of Steles Museum Scenic Area, I am honored to accompany you to visit the tour, the following will be by me to explain the Xi'an Forest of Steles Museum Scenic Area for the family.
Everyone can look up and see in the distance that the stele pavilion in front of them is engraved with a gilded plaque with two large characters of the stele forest, which was written by The Qing Dynasty patriot Lin Zexu, who was written when he passed through Xi'an when he was passing through Xi'an after the Opium War when he was dismissed from his post in Yili, Xinjiang.
The stone stele we see next is the largest and most gorgeous "Shitai Filial Piety Sutra" in the museum. The "Book of Filial Piety" was compiled by Confucius's students to talk about filial piety and advocate that the king should be like a father, and Li Longji, emperor Xuanzong of Tang, personally wrote a poem for this stele and wrote it, with the purpose of showing that he was ruling the world with filial piety. The stele is nearly 6 meters high, and the stele, back and head are composed of 35 boulders. Therefore, this monument shows that the arrogance of standing in the sky is extraordinary, so it is also known as the first monument to welcome guests.
Next, please follow me to the first exhibition room of the Forest of Steles, where the Kaicheng Stone Sutra is displayed. Kaicheng is a classic work of ancient Chinese Confucianism, which was carved in the Tang Wenzong Kaicheng era. (Including the Book of Filial Piety, Zhou Yi, Shangshu Shu, Shi Jing, Zhou Li, Rites, Li Ji, Spring and Autumn Left Transmission, Spring and Autumn Ram Biography, Spring and Autumn Guliang Biography, Analects, Erya, Mencius) These books are all books that ancient literati must read, and because ancient printing was not developed, the scriptures were carved into stone as a model for people to proofread. The Kaicheng Stone Classic is composed of 114 stele stones on both sides, a total of 288 sides, 650152 characters, initially only 12 scriptures, and the Qing Dynasty also engraved the book "Mencius", collectively known as the 13 Classics. In Chinese history, there have been 7 times of scripture stone carvings, only this one is the most completely preserved, coupled with the early age, the historical value is extremely high, so people call it the thickest and heaviest book in the world.
After visiting the Kaicheng Stone Classic, we came to the second exhibition room, which mainly shows you some famous monuments of the Tang Dynasty. and the "Great Qin Jingjiao Popular Chinese Stele" that has nothing to do with calligraphy. This stele is a testimony to the magnificent history of Sino-foreign exchanges in the Tang Dynasty. Great Qin is an ancient Chinese generic term for the Roman Empire. Jingjiao is the Chinese name of the Nestorians in Christianity. This stele records the canons, doctrines, and teachings of jingjiao. What is even more valuable is that the activities of the Jing sect in China and the names of some believers are recorded in Syriac. It provides valuable materials for the study of ancient Chinese exchanges with Europe and Central Asia. After its rubbings were introduced abroad, it has attracted widespread international attention, and it is said that although there are already several replicas of Jingjiao steles, the real ones are still in our Xi'an Forest of Steles Museum.
In Yan Zhenqing's "Monument to many pagodas" and "Monument to the Temple of the Yan Family," Yan Zhenqing not only has a dashing and smooth calligraphy, but is also a man of unswerving integrity and integrity. The Duo Pagoda Stele was written by Yan Zhenqing when he was 44 years old, and is the earliest work left in the Yan Book, representing his early style. The "Yan Family Temple Stele" was written by him when he was 73 years old, and his calligraphy attainment reached the realm of pure fire and pure fire in the old and old books. His calligraphy had a great influence on later generations, and he was known as Yan Body.
Please look at this "Tang Dynasty Three Sacred Sect Preamble Monument" here, which is also the most expensive stele in our forest of steles. The monk Huai Ren collected Wang Xizhi's inkblots. He was deeply proud that Tang Taizong was able to write a memorial for Xuanzang, and because Tang Taizong particularly admired Wang Xizhi's cursive writing in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, he collected words and phrases from the inkblots left by Wang Xizhi 300 years ago. Therefore, the Jizi Stele is also called the Qianjin Stele.
Okay, now we're in the third showroom, which mainly introduces people to the evolution of calligraphy. In this exhibition hall, we can see the calligraphy stele stones from different periods and styles from the Han Dynasty to the Song Dynasty. Through comparison, we can understand the development and evolution of calligraphy.
Everyone looks at this Tongcao Quan Stele, which is a famous Han Dynasty calligraphy monument in China and a fine work of Han Li. It was built by Cao Quan, the county commander of Shaanxi and Yang County. It embodies the characteristics of China's Lishu silkworm head swallowtail, a wave of three folds, silkworms do not double wading, swallows do not fly double, is also a national treasure level cultural relics.
Next, let's look at these two stele, namely Zhang Xu's "Belly Pain Post" and Huai Su's "Thousand Character Tablet", which are representative works of cursive writing, wild grass, that is, wild cursive. It's dizzying. In particular, Zhang Xu was a man of great pride, drunk as a life, often drunk with a tincture, and after he was drunk, he even used his hair to dip his hair in ink to write, crazy and crazy, so he was also called Zhang Yi. The thousand-character text is composed of a thousand non-repetitive Chinese characters, and the four-word sentence rhymes with duality, which is convenient for memory and is the enlightenment reading material for children in China.
Through this door we came to the fourth showroom. Here I would like to introduce you to a few of the more interesting stele stones. As you can see, this is Ma Dezhao's "KuiXing Diandou Tu" of the Qing Dynasty, which is based on the standard of Confucian cultivation and self-cultivation, and the eight characters of self-denial and retribution form the image of Kuixing, with the left hand holding the stone, the right hand holding the pen, one foot upturned to support a bucket character, and one foot standing on the word "Ao", taking the meaning of the Kui star dot bucket and dominating the head. Vivid image, clever spelling, is a word game.
Qing "Guandi Shu Bamboo Diagram" has a pole of wind bamboo and a pole of rain bamboo, carefully look at this picture composed of bamboo leaves composed of five words and one sentence: do not thank DongJunyi, Danqing independent name; Do not feel that the dead leaves are light, and they do not wither after all. This poem is actually a word game composed by the literati at that time, Guan Yu.
Finally, in the next 3 exhibition halls, some poems and inscriptions between the Song Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty are mainly exhibited. You can take a tour.
Dear visitors, our Forest of Steles Museum is not only famous for its forest of steles. Moreover, its stone carving art is also well-known at home and abroad. The next thing we came to was the Museum of Stone Carving Art, which was built in 1963 and collected more than 70 stone carvings from the Western Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty scattered throughout Shaanxi, divided into two categories: mausoleum stone carvings and religious stone carvings.
Due to the time relationship, here I will only introduce you to the following two masterpieces of stone carving art, Zhaoling Liujun and Lao Jun. Zhaoling Liujun, according to legend, was made by the famous painter Yan Liben. When the Zhaoling Tomb was built, the intention of the edict to establish the Six Horses of zhaoling was not only to show off their lifelong battle exploits, but also to commemorate these warhorses who had once depended on each other for their lives, and to warn future generations of the difficulties of starting a business. They are (White Hoof, Secret Service, Salu Purple, Qinglu, Shivachi), due to their excessive sophistication, among which the two horse stone carvings of Salu Purple and Fist Hair Melon were smuggled to the United States in 1914 by the Americans in collusion with feudal warlords, and are now stored in the Museum of the University of Pennsylvania in the United States. After more than 1,000 years of ups and downs, Liujun's shape is still healthy and realistic, and it is one of the outstanding artistic treasures of the Tang Dynasty.
Lao Jun Statue, this Old Jun Statue was originally located in the Lao Jun Hall in Xi'an Mountain, Lao Jun is Lao Tzu, he is the founder of Taoism, when the ruling class in order to maintain their own political power, respected Taoism as the founder. It is said that this old statue was carved from White Jade by An Lushan in order to please Li Longji, and adopted the technique of circular carving, which is not only meticulous and natural and vivid, but also belongs to the national treasure level cultural relics.
The introduction of the Scenic Area of the Forest of Steles Museum in Xi'an is here for everyone, and now everyone can freely visit it, return here according to the planned time, and wish everyone a pleasant time.