"Transformation and effectiveness" is the effect of Chinese medicine through the transformation of a variety of different intermediary links in the body, is the unique complex efficacy mechanism of Chinese medicine, this paper focuses on exploring the transformation of Chinese medicine through the transformation of the micro-ecosystem in the body and the effectiveness, by the secondary products of the drug in the body to exert efficacy, through the specific conditioning of the organ or system and the efficacy of the effect, the effect of the "ben" from the "ben" to the curative effect, the "helper qi" into the efficacy, mobilization and play of the body's autonomous conditioning mechanism and presented as the curative effect. "Transformation and effectiveness" is a strategic breakthrough direction for independent innovation of traditional Chinese medicine in efficacy.
Chinese medicine has a specific effect, more non-specific effect, non-specific is the outstanding feature of the effect of Chinese medicine, in its complex mechanism of action, the most important thing is through the transformation of a variety of different intermediary links in the body and produce efficacy, can be called "transformation effective".
"Transformation and effectiveness" of Chinese medicine unique efficacy mechanism and law, is a major discovery and creation of Chinese medicine in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, it is in the table with the treatment principles of Chinese medicine, is the implementation and embodiment of chinese medicine's treatment principles and treatment methods in pharmacodynamics, is the unique treatment mode of Chinese medicine so it can be clinically effective as a pharmaceutical pillar, more than 2000 years of clinical practice has proved its effectiveness and universality, has great scientific value and application value in pharmacy, is a strategic breakthrough direction for independent innovation of Chinese medicine in efficacy.
1
It takes effect through the transformation of micro-ecosystems in the body
The human body parasitizes a huge micro-ecosystem, hundreds of microorganisms colonized in different parts of the body (ecological region, ecological niche), symbiosis with the body under normal circumstances, participate in human physiological and pathological processes, especially play an important role in metabolism, is an important part of the transformation of internal Chinese medicine in the body.
Digestive tract microorganisms can transform oral Chinese medicines and exert their effects from their secondary metabolites. For example, a variety of glycoside components contained in traditional Chinese medicine, because of their large molecular weight and high hydrophilicity, are not easy to be directly absorbed by the intestine, and only when the probiotics are hydrolyzed into glycosides in the intestine can they be absorbed by the intestine to exert medicinal effects. There have been many studies on the metabolic effects and metabolites of intestinal bacteria on amygdalins, coumarins, flavonoids, anthraquinones, terpenes, etc. Some scholars believe that the real active ingredient of Chinese medicine is the product of metabolism by intestinal bacteria.
Some Chinese medicines play a role mediated by gut microbes. For example, rat experiments on the laxative effect of aloe vera glycosides have found that aloe vera glycosides have no laxative effect on ordinary rats and no diarrhea effects on sterile rats, but the metabolic bacteria that make sterile rats infect people alone can cause severe diarrhea, showing that the diarrhea effect of aloe vera glycosides is transformed by human metabolic bacteria.
The anti-bacterial infection effects of some Chinese medicines are transformed from micro-ecosystems. For example, bacterial translocation is an important cause of intestinal bacterial infection, and the mechanism is that abnormal changes in the intestinal mucosa make the native bacteria colonized here unable to survive, and colonized by foreign bacteria. Among the various effects of rhubarb, the study found that one of the important roles is to promote intestinal peristalsis, remove bacteria and endotoxins from the intestine, improve and protect the gastrointestinal mucosal barrier, correct bacterial translocation, and thus treat intestinal infectious diseases that occur from bacterial translocation.
Some Chinese medicines have no antibacterial effect in the experiment but can treat bacterial infectious diseases, showing that their antibacterial effect is transformed. Some traditional Chinese medicines with detoxification and anti-bacterial infection effects can inhibit bacteria in vitro experiments, but the concentration is very high, it is difficult to achieve such a high concentration in vivo, and its anti-bacterial infection effect is not directly from the drug itself; andrographis, golden buckwheat, white flower snake tongue grass have no obvious bacteriostatic activity in vitro or in vivo, but can treat infectious diseases; andrographis water-soluble flavonoids partially inhibit the effect of dysentery bacillus in vitro is stronger, but it is ineffective for patients with dysentery, and the efficacy of the lactone part with weak bacteriostatic power is obvious. Some traditional Chinese medicines are metabolites transformed by microorganisms, which have an inhibitory effect on other microorganisms, can regulate the interaction between microorganisms, or regulate the colonization conditions of microorganisms, and have the effect of restoring microecological balance and eliminating infection. In short, the veil of transformation of chinese medicines by the micro-ecosystem in the body needs to be lifted.
2
The effect is exerted by the secondary products of the drug in the body
Studies have found that the therapeutic effect of some Chinese medicines is exerted by the secondary products produced in the process of absorption and metabolism in the body. Someone did the "Study on the Direct Acting Substances and Pharmacokinetics of Liuwei Dihuang Pill" to analyze and identify 11 blood components and their drug sources after taking Liuwei Dihuang Pill, of which 4 components are metabolites, which can maintain a long period of blood drug concentration plateau, which is significantly different from the in vivo behavior of oral monomer compounds. It was found that ingredient No. 1 52hmfa is a new metabolite produced by the joint action of dihuang, ze diarrhea and dogwood three flavors of traditional Chinese medicine, which can significantly improve the blood rheology, platelet aggregation rate, cell adhesion factor, etc. of experimental animals, and has a good kidney tonic function, showing that 52hmfa is the main pharmacodynamic substance basis for the treatment of aging and blood stasis of Liuwei Dihuang Pills. If this mechanism is confirmed, it will prove that after the prescription drug enters the body, it will produce new components from more than two chinese medicines; Chinese medicines are not only metabolized by intestinal microorganisms to produce new components, but also by physiological and biochemical processes, and play a unique therapeutic effect. This is a more profound transformational mechanism that should be revealed and elucidated.
3
Efficacy is presented through specific conditioning of organs or systems
Long-term studies have found that the drugs in the kidney supplement do not contain corticosteroid-like substances (or their precursors), but show an adrenal corticosteroid-like effect, which has a therapeutic effect on the disease of insufficient adrenocortical hormones, if the animal adrenal gland is removed in the experiment, the party no longer has an adrenal corticosteroid-like effect, showing that the adrenal glands have a transformative effect between the drug and the effect. Some impotence drugs have a significant effect on enhancing sexual function clinically, but do not have this hormone-like effect in animals that have had their gonads removed, showing that the gonads play a mediating role between drugs and effects. In recent years, studies have found that erdi turtle nail decoction can inhibit the apoptosis of testicular stromal cells, which may be one of the mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine kidney tonic treatment; left gui pill and right gui pill can improve the tissue structure of the hypothalamic 2 pituitary 2 adrenal cortex to varying degrees, delaying its senile changes, and the resulting effect is difficult to directly explain from the pharmacological components of the left gui pill and the right gui pill.
Anti-tumor research on traditional Chinese medicine has found that traditional Chinese medicine can not only intervene in the normal metabolism of cancer cells, destroy the structure of cancer cells, inhibit the growth of cancer cells, but also enhance the anti-cancer ability, inhibit the carcinogenic effect of carcinogenic chemicals, and prevent cancer cell metastasis by improving the physical and chemical characteristics of blood and regulating human immune function; Some traditional Chinese medicines intervene in tumor immune escape by benignly regulating immune cells and factors, and play a role in correcting and inhibiting cancer.
The use of the specific effect of Traditional Chinese medicine, the structure or function of organs or systems, networks for a specific conditioning, from which to transform the expected therapeutic effect, this mechanism of action beyond the pharmacology of Western medicine is particularly worthy of elucidation.
4
Acting on the "ben", from the "ben" to the curative effect
Many Chinese medicines have a two-way, multi-directional regulatory effect, some people use "multi-target" to explain, it is difficult to match, should return to the treatment principles of Chinese medicine to understand and study. "The cure must be based on the original", "push its origin, all the evidence is removed", the drug is acted on the "root of the disease", "the original" is pushed and corrected, and the abnormality in any direction can be adjusted, so "the evidence is removed". Here, "ben" is the "target" of the drug's action, the transformation center between the drug and the effect, and the "division of all evidences" is the effect produced by the "push" of the "ben".
Many of the non-specific and multi-directional effects of Traditional Chinese medicine are produced by "pushing their roots". Angelica can not only inhibit the smooth muscles of the uterus, so that the uterus relaxes, but also excites the smooth muscles of the uterus, so that its contraction is strengthened; The medium dose of deer antler velvet can enhance the contraction of the heart and has a cardiotonic effect, while the use of large doses inhibits the contraction of the heart, slowing the heart rate and reducing blood pressure; The ripe dihuang in the kidney qi pill, which originally supplemented the yin and did not help the yang effect, acted on the human body, then showed a yang-raising effect; The yellow lian of zuo jin pill, originally laxative, has no effect of clearing the liver, and acts on the human body, which shows the effect of diarrhea and liver fire.
Guizhi soup has a more complex regulatory effect on body temperature, sweat gland secretion, heart rate, gastrointestinal peristalsis, immune function, etc.; Fever has antipyretic effect, and low temperature deficiency has a warm menstrual effect; Those who are inferior can stop profits, and those with constipation can be laxative; Hypertension can lower blood pressure, hypotension can rise to normal; Those with a fast heart rate can slow down, and those with a slow heart rate can be increased to normal; Take a little sweat to dissolve the muscles can sweat without hurting the right, and for those who sweat themselves, they can stop sweating without leaving evil. It has been found that these complex effects of guizhi soup are through the conditioning of lesion-related mechanisms such as the thalamus, nerves, digestive tract, and overall function of the body, and then produce therapeutic effects.
The "Inner Classic" says that "the lord of strong waters, to control the sunshine; the source of fire, to eliminate the yin and the yin", is a typical "push its roots" treatment. It is not directly "making sunlight" and "eliminating yin and yin", nor is it "strong water" and "beneficial fire", but the disease of "sunshine" is "the lord of water", the disease of "yin" is "the source of fire", through the "lord of strong water" and "raw water" to "control the sunshine", through the "source of fire" and "fire" to "eliminate yin". Here, we cannot find the specific relationship between the medicine and "sunlight" and "yin", and we cannot purify the material components that have a specific effect on "sunlight" and "yin". Many medicines in Chinese medicine are using this method, which is an advanced healing art, and the efficacy of Chinese medicine is also artistically exerted in this treatment, which is a more innovative and valuable efficacy mechanism.
5
"Helping people to live" translates into efficacy
An important difference between Chinese medicine and Western medicine is that it is not a "magic bullet" to destroy the enemy, but a "living tool" to promote and regulate human life activities (the former "life" is the verb, and the later "life" is life). Li Guanxian of the Qing Dynasty summed it up well: "If the qi deficiency is suitable for ginseng, then the qi of the person is easy to produce, and the ginseng is not qi also; It is appropriate for those who are weak in yin, and it is easy for people to be born in the land, and it is not yin to be cooked. Those who are good at conditioning can only use the medicine properly to help people get angry. "The active ingredient of "qi" cannot be purified from ginseng, nor can the active ingredient of "yin" be purified from cooked yellow, and its effect is the result of "helping people to live with qi".
Studies have found that ginseng is transformed and shows a variety of important effects through the benign regulation of the central nervous system, endocrine system, cardiovascular system, metabolic system, immune system, etc. Former Soviet scholar Lazarev once called such drugs and their effects "adaptogens", which can regulate and improve the body's adaptive function and "enhance the state of non-specific defense capabilities". Ginseng, Rhodiola rosea, Eleutherococcal, Cordyceps sinensis, etc. are known to belong to this type of drug, and astragalus, ginseng, Schisandra, etc. have "adaptogen" effects. The effects of such Chinese medicines should be understood and studied from the perspective of "living tools" and "helping people to live".
6
Mobilizing and exerting the body's autonomous conditioning mechanism is presented as a therapeutic effect
The body has an independent conditioning mechanism, relying on, mobilizing and exerting the body's autonomous conditioning to prevent and treat diseases is a major feature of TCM therapeutics. Zhang Jingyue concluded: "Whoever cures diseases, attacking evil depends on needle medicine, and practicing medicine cares about divine qi. Therefore, if the rule is applied to the outside, then God should be in the middle, so that it rises and rises, and makes it descend and descend, which is the god who can also make it. If the internal qi should not be treated with a potion, and the qi should not be treated by acupuncture, but the qi should not be treated, then its divine qi has gone, and there is nothing to do. The "divine qi", "dirty qi" and "jingqi" here actually refer to the body's autonomous conditioning mechanism. From "Eight Character Jin Dan" saying that "there is no cure for diseases, often get Traditional Chinese Medicine", Zhang Zhongjing's discussion that "all diseases of yin and yang self-harmony will heal themselves", to Ke Qin's "If you want its yin and yang to be self-harmonious, you must first adjust the self-yin and yang", Xu Dachun's "The theory that diseases do not have to take medicine", "Roughly cure it, self-healing", etc., all that is said is that drugs should be responded to by the body's autonomous conditioning mechanism.
For the ascent, descending, floating, sinking and returning of Chinese medicines, it is necessary to consider the mechanism of action of Chinese medicines "should" in "dirty qi" and "jing qi". Rising, descending, floating and sinking are not the transport and distribution phenomena of pharmacokinetics, not the drug to reach the disease, but the effect of the disease, the pharmacodynamic phenomenon of pharmacodynamics, and the drug effect presented in the disease. This effect is not a direct specific effect of the drug, but the result of "making" by the "dirty gas". The attribution of Chinese medicine is also not a pharmacokinetic phenomenon of drug transport and distribution along the meridians, and some people use the labeling method to determine the distribution and storage site of the active ingredients of Chinese medicine, or find the receptor of Chinese medicine along the meridian according to the receptor theory of Western medicine, which is unsuccessful.
The attribution of Chinese medicine should be a pharmacodynamic phenomenon, which is the circular effect of the drug on the body, and the result of the action of Chinese medicine being "caused" by "jingqi". The "Qi to The Sick House" of acupuncture is the "Qi" effect of the interaction between acupuncture and meridians, and the meridian effect of Chinese medicine needs to consider the interaction mechanism between Chinese medicine and meridians.
How to rely on, mobilize and exert the body's autonomous conditioning mechanism to cure the disease is a more advanced topic, which requires first understanding and mastering the body's autonomous conditioning mechanism, and then studying how Chinese medicine regulates and takes effect.
【Source: Jilin Health】
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