Ming Relic Zhang Fei's "Manuscript of Mangcang Garden", Phoenix Publishing House, 2010 (Data Map/Figure)
(This article was first published in Southern Weekend on September 26, 2019)
Wei Xi's (uncle, 1624-1680) famous article "The Legend of the Great Iron Vertebrae" is a novel titled by Xiang Duo. Wei Xi and his brother Wei Li (Ji Zi, 1628-1693) and his common friend Zhang Fei (Fei Wen, c. 1635-1687 later) have the poem "Gifting Heroes" (Phoenix Publishing House, October 2010, p. 106) in the Mangcang Garden Manuscript, which reads that the "Great Iron Vertebrae" is not a fabrication. Poetry Cloud:
This chivalrous guest is a strange man, good at swordsmanship, and accompanies the two major iron vertebrae, which are called "great iron vertebrae". Ask its name, then you know: How many things people have done for a name, but I don't use it. There is no wife and no home, that is, people only tire of how many things for their wives' families, but I do not use this. Specially take the silver of the ringing horse to help the poor, and the ringing horse is very afraid of it. Wei Shuzi's "Legend of the Great Iron Vertebra" can be compared with Shi Qian. Ringing horse, an alias for the robbers of the north, is a person who rides a horse alone to take money.
The large wide coat is inferior, pointing to the sky and the day laughing roughly. In his lifetime, he only knows a little righteousness, but he wins over ten thousand books.
Compared to the Legend of the Great Iron Vertebra, here is some additional information. For example, "accompanying the two major iron vertebrae", obviously slightly different from the "Biography of the Great Iron Vertebrae", "the right rib clips the large iron vertebrae, weighing forty or fifty pounds"; there is also "good swordplay", the attitude towards the name and wife, and the "Tale of the Great Iron Vertebra" only has one sentence "Buckle his hometown and surname, do not answer".
Whenever the sky collapses, the most strange people and heroes are born in the era, and the scribes are also happy to swim with them, and even go all out to change the day. From Zhang Liang to stab Qin yu Bolangsha with a force, there have always been many imitators, and even the later Tan Sitong also had to marry the Great Sword King Five. However, this "big iron vertebrae", history has not given him the opportunity to make meritorious achievements.
Zhang Fei's poem, the first two of which is "Fifty Poems of Wei Jizi". Wei Li was fifty years old in the sixteenth year of the Qing Kangxi Dynasty (1677), so Zhang Fei gave a poem to the "Great Iron Vertebrae", which was not early in the year.
This poem is a "gift to the chivalrous guest", so does the "big iron vertebrae" recognize the beauty of the poem? Looking at the last sentence of the "Biography of the Great Iron Vertebra", "Zi Can also tasted his writing of market objects and posts, and even the gong kai shu also", it can be seen that he cannot take it for granted, thinking that he is a rude and unwritten person.
Zhang Feizhi was in the anti-Qing Dynasty and restored the Ming Dynasty, running for many years, and also contacted some comrades, who were defeated and scattered, and there were many places. He heard that the Japanese mito domain lord Tokugawa Mitsuru had begged for a strange man, so he crossed the east in May of the 25th year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1686) and arrived at the port of Nagasaki in late July. At that time, Japan locked the country and allowed Nagasaki only to be used as a port for trade with China and the Netherlands, and those who came were not allowed to come ashore easily. There are many immigrants here, and Zhang Fei's "Lamentable" poem "Half of Nagasaki's Ten Thousand Households are Displaced People" (p. 124) is a portrayal of this phenomenon. In the end, Zhang Fei failed to express his ambition and returned to China.
In the "Mangcang Garden Manuscript" there is a poem "People outside the sea have brothers who have seen for a long time":
I was bitter and bitter, and I was wounded. See people reunite and love, tearful eyes. There are brothers from Haixi, and there are brothers from Haidong. The clouds are thousands of miles apart, and the end of the day is followed by the flying. Once the dynasty is happy, it has always been a few autumns. The rocks are white and the words are endless. But TuShu was happy, and Mo Ji was long and guarded. Towards the twilight of the beginning, Ning Zhi was bitter. (page 127)
Looking at this poem alone, it is not known who the brothers who met overseas were. However, among the people who went to Nagasaki in the same boat with Zhang Fei were Jiang Shangqing, the brother of Donggao Zen Master, which was roughly known.
At that time, the Donggao Zen master failed to oppose the Qing Dynasty, and had been in Japan for twelve years, stationed in Xiedo (present-day Tokyo), preaching Buddhism and teaching violinology. He received a letter from Yao Jiang and Huang Shimei who came from the same boat, and learned that his brother had arrived in Nagasaki, but could not land, so he rushed from Edo to meet him. This is "there is a brother from Haixi, and a brother from Haidong". The last sentence of the poem of Donggao's "Tosaki Dehui Brother" yun "fully appreciates the high and generous grace of the Shanggong", and the Shanggong should refer to Tokugawa Mitsuhito, and this trip must be supported by him. At that time, the letter written by Renjian Zhudong to the Zen master Donggao also mentioned that "the honorable brother crossed the Daying and came to Qiganghu" (Renjian Bamboo Cave Poetry Collection, p. 246), which shows that everyone knew about it at that time. Donggao was forty-eight years old at the time, and according to scholars, Jiang Shangqing was Jiang Shanglang (1622-?) in Pujiang's "Genealogy of the Jiang Clan". ), the eldest of the four brothers, at the age of sixty-five, this is the "rock head white". Judging from the "twilight of the morning", the brothers have been together for at least a whole day, and whether they will board the ship again the next day to meet is not available. "Mid-Autumn Twenty There Is a Day" Bamboo Cave also has a letter to Donggao ("People See Bamboo Cave Poetry Collection", pp. 246-247), at this time Donggao has returned, then Donggao to and from Nagasaki, in early and mid-August, no doubt. This was an important moment in the life of the Donggao brothers, and Zhang Fei witnessed all this.
The Zen master of Donggao should have seen This poem of Zhang Fei, his poem "Humble Huai Fu Xie Fei Wen Jushi", seems to have been written on the occasion of the division:
Sadly, the geese left the line, and the years were frequently spent in vain. The poor are not determined, and all the people I meet are good friends. The ambition is more than strong, and the heart of the gallery temple is decayed. Brother Pan is heavy, and his spirit is so high. Put the arm to the intestines, no division and unitary. The brother should return to the forest, and the brother should return to the field. Refer to the day to promote the itinerary, long folding pavilion willow. Qinghe Zhang Zhengjun, conscience will know whether it is difficult or not.
The echo of the content and Zhang Feishi's poems is obvious.
The reason why Zhang Fei does not know the name of the Donggao brothers, the small preface of the "Three Poems of You Immortal Poems to Friends" in the "Mangcang Garden Manuscript" can be regarded as an explanation:
Most of the people in the manuscript are all courageous people, and those who have names have not tasted accidents, but can not be hidden, so they write straight; their friends or deceased people have accidents, but they cannot be explicitly stated, so they are hidden. (page 37)
The so-called "accident" is, of course, the defeat of the revolution and the exposure of identity. The Donggao brothers "all have accidents", "therefore hidden", good and good.
Donggao to Nagasaki meets with his brother, and he will talk about many things and the current situation, and naturally he will also be beside other things. There is a posthumous story that is not found in the Donggao poetry collection and Zhang Fei's "Mangcang Garden Manuscript", but in the "Gedong Inscription Leaf Record" written by Zhudong in the name of "Ge Minzi":
Donggao Xinyue heard that his brother Jiang Shi came to Qigang, encountered (citation: as "past", suspected that the recorder misunderstood), and met Zhang Fei, Ren Yuanheng, etc., all of whom were Bo Qia's men. XiangYu yue: Go to the age of Jiazi, the Kangxi Emperor toured the south, drove to Zhongshan, worshiped the temple of Ming Taizu, and read the poetry of famous eunuchs and scribes in the past. One of them is a must-know: "Ten Mile Mountain Gate Ten Thousand Trees Pine, when the guest arrived but smelled the bell." Sadly, the cuts have been cut for years, revealing a peak in the blue sky. "The emperor loved this poem, and read its title Wang Tingquan, and asked the closest ministers to inquire about it, known as The Lang Shiye of the Shun Tianfu. He summoned him and gave him the title of Dengyong. (Collected Poems of The Bamboo Cave, p. 379)
This matter of bamboo cave must be heard of Donggao, and Donggao is heard of Zhang Fei, Ren Yuanheng and so on. Although it was the custom of the time and literature that Japanese Confucians cared about the current situation and literature in China, it was also interesting that the remnants of the Ming Dynasty paid attention to the words and deeds of the "Yu Chieftain". Kangxi Jiazi (1684) has been forty years since the fall of the Ming Dynasty, and his rule has become increasingly stable, and the Kangxi Emperor's move to enlighten the Ming Taizu Mausoleum is naturally a clever political show, and why is it not a manifestation of high self-confidence? For the Donggao brothers who returned to the "Yuanlin" and "Tian Mu", Zhang Fei and others who are still running, they also have to face the reality that the success of restoring the Ming Dynasty is becoming more and more uncertain.
Wang Tingquan mentioned here, The Number Pu'an, Shangyuan Ren, author of the "Chronicle of Yoshiyama Yongtai Temple" (佚), has very little biographical information. Luo Zhenyu's "Xuetang Class Manuscript , Catalogue of Calligraphy and Paintings of E-No.3" contains his inscription, which can be known to be active between Wu shu and Nongzi (1658-1672), and according to the "Gedong Inscription Leaf Record" quoted above, the period of activity can be postponed by twelve years. The "Jinling Poetry of the State Dynasty" contains fourteen poems in volume 5, and the poems loved by the Kangxi Emperor are not seen. At present, the collection of poems about Zhong Shan is the most abundant in the "Collected Poems of Zhong Shan" (edited by Wang Pengshan, Southeast University Press, 2013), and there is no inspection. Going through more than three hundred years of classics, naturally it is beyond my ability, and one or two common books are not enough, but reading the "Mangcang Garden Manuscript" and extending to exotic Chinese books can be said to be a pleasure to open the volume.
Yan Xiaoxing