Xu Xiaoyun, Department of History, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University
In the year of Ding Di of the Republic of China (1927), the former Qing Jinshi Wang took the invitation of Wang Shuliang, the chief editor of the Qing History Museum, and composed the anecdotes of the Guangxu Emperor, Empress Dowager Cixi, and Empress Longyu into twenty pieces, and titled it "Chronicle of Fangjiayuan Miscellaneous Songs", which was a classic palm for the purpose of making up and distributing tongguang political affairs and court secrets. Shou Ji: "Gantang Yuyin is like love, and Qiu Shang is forbidden to be left behind under the willow." The father of the Great King of Puguo, Nanshan Mobao a tree mallet. According to the self-note: The minister of internal affairs and the chief soldier of the infantry army were proficient in feng shui in their youth, and once proposed to Cixi that the ancient white fruit tree in the garden of Prince Yuxian should be cut down, saying that it could not be a non-imperial mausoleum, and that the king of Baijia was the emperor, and that Yu Zongshe was at a great disadvantage, Cixi led people to cut down the logging, Guangxu went out of the city after hearing the news, and in the past, he saw the white fruit tree covered with greenery falling to the ground, and the snakes were lying on the ground, and Guangxu was speechless, walking around the tomb three times, and wiping tears.
Chronicle of Fang Jiayuan Miscellaneous Songs
This dramatic rumor occurred in the twenty-third year of Guangxu (1889) in the western suburbs of the capital under the Miao Peak under the folk known as the "Tomb of the Seven Kings", the story can be seen cixi's fierceness, Guangxu's helplessness, heroic flattery and other images, but behind it reflects the subtle relationship between the power structure within the Guangxu Dynasty ruling group and the empress's mother and son, and the invisible protagonist of the whole event is the tomb owner who has been dead for more than six years at this time - Prince Yizhen of Alcohol. Yi Zhen was born in the twentieth year of Daoguang and died in the sixteenth year of Guangxu, at the age of fifty-one, he was the seventh son of the Daoguang Emperor, the seventh brother of the Xianfeng Emperor, the seventh uncle of the Tongzhi Emperor, the biological father of the Guangxu Emperor, the eleventh hereditary prince of the Qing Dynasty, and the pro-noble minister of the Tongguang And liang dynasties. And why did Cixi, after returning to the government, disregard Guangxu's thoughts and resolutely move his own father's feng shui treasure land, so that the old king of alcohol was still restless underground? The story begins with the death of king alcohol six years ago.
Prince Yi of Alcohol is dressed in a portrait
The final ceremony of the most honorable decoration
On november 21, 1891, at about 1:45 a.m. on November 21, 1891, King Xue died in the palace, and the bad news came out, and the Forbidden City in the cold winter suddenly fell into tension and busyness. The death of such a heavyweight figure did not cause the effect of the sensational theory of the collapse of the world in the imagination of ordinary people, except for Li Hongzhang's bitter mourning in his family letter to his son that he had lost a powerful leader who had since lost a position of "making a big plan and setting a big doubt", there were not many other evaluations in the text, because at this moment, the problem that was really placed in front of the monarch and the urgent problem to be dealt with was how to handle the affairs of the old king? This is the official so-called final ceremony.
The final ceremony is composed of funerals, funerals, sacrifices, and ceremonies, symbolizing the grace and sorrow that the deceased can enjoy. The reason why the posthumous affairs of King Alcohol were difficult to handle was mainly because the relationship between him and the Guangxu Emperor was not easy to handle, a phenomenon that was unprecedented and unforeseen in the Qing Dynasty. Sixteen years ago, the Tongzhi Emperor died, the second son of the King of Alcohol, Zai Xiang, was proclaimed emperor by the empress dowager of the two palaces in the name of the heir of the Xianfeng Emperor, the four-year-old Guangxu became the first monarch to be held by the side branch, the thirty-five-year-old King of Alcohol became the first heavenly father, the special phenomenon of "son and father" Is the first case since the founding of the Qing Dynasty, but it is not uncommon in Chinese history, and there have been famous stories of emperors respecting their own parents and causing violent turmoil in the government, such as Song Yingzong's promotion of his father Pu Wang and the birth of the "Pu Discussion Incident", and The Ming Dynasty Emperor's edict that ben sheng father Xing Xian was born" Great ceremonial events", Zhao Zhaoqian learned to the late Qing Dynasty monarchs here especially has a considerable warning effect. Therefore, how to properly handle the compassion of this heavenly father has become a common problem and challenge faced by the monarch and the whole family, which must take into account the relationship between the monarch and the father and the son, and prevent hidden dangers such as respecting Bunsen.
Historical records show that the final ceremony of the King of Alcohol was completely presided over by Cixi, and the intermediary role of Guangxu, who had been pro-government for more than a year at this time, was very limited, because Cixi held the final adjudication power of state affairs, not to mention that this was a sensitive topic that could shake the foundation of the country. Emperor Guangxu's teacher Weng Tonggong recorded in detail the whole process of handling the affairs after the death of King Shuo in his diary, when the news of King Xue's death reached the inner court, the minister Guangxu summoned the minister's Guangxu "trombone" in the Qinzheng Palace, the emperor cried bitterly and could not suppress himself, weng Tonggong and others present also lost their voices, the monarch was in tears, Guangxu asked Wang Yili of Qingjun, Sun Jianai and others about the ceremony and the change of dress color, and the ministers informed the emperor of the dress arrangement for these two days, and asked the emperor to immediately ask the empress dowager for a ruling. It can be seen that from the very beginning, the ministers consciously guided the emperor to return the power of the king of alcohol to Cixi, and the opinions of the Guangxu Emperor were incorporated into the folds of the ministers' request for instructions.
Soon, the Military Aircraft Department issued two consecutive edicts at the behest of Cixi, the first of which included commending the meritorious deeds of King Alcohol before his death, declaring that the emperor was personally present to give the funeral, sending personnel to handle funerals, and ordering Zaifeng to inherit the title of knight, and the second edict was that the title of King Dinghuo was "Emperor Bunsen Examination", instructing the ceremony to strictly abide by the ancestral training family law, take into account the grace and righteousness of fathers and sons, and avoid promoting the three principles of Bunsen, and announced that fourteen people, including the imperial front, the military aircraft, the imperial master, and the officials of the ceremonial department, would form a funeral committee. The Ancestral Training Family Law refers to the Qianlong Emperor's imperial system "Pu Discussion Debate", which is an instruction made in response to the honorable events in the previous history, saying that "the living are the father of the original birth, the deceased is the examination of the original life, and the temple is erected in his residence, which is the temple of immortality, and the ceremony of the Son of Heaven is used as a basis", and Cixi uses this as a basis to direct the funeral.
In fact, if it is done according to the ancestral training family law, the king of alcohol should have been named "Emperor Bunsheng Father" long before his death, so why was he awarded the title of "Emperor Bunsheng Examination" after his death? Just over a year ago, Wu Dayi had secretly asked Cixi to honor king alcohol as his biological father, and it was precisely in the middle of the compromise that he quoted Emperor Qianlong's "Pu Debate" as a powerful argument, which was refuted by Cixi, apparently when king alcohol was alive, Cixi did not allow anyone to propose to honor the situation, and now that king alcohol is dead, Cixi took the initiative to issue him the title of "Bunsheng Examination", which is just a false name for the living, especially for the emperor, and her diametric attitude towards the ancestral family law fully proves the weight of her authority. The title of "Emperor Bunsen Kao" enjoyed by the old king has nothing to do with the respect in the political sense, but is purely out of the courtesy title given by the empress, and the special title also determines the unusual ceremonies of funeral, burial, sacrifice, and worship.
The Qing Shilu records that the "Emperor Bunsen Kao" was honored with the title of Emperor
The title was fixed, and after a collective discussion, the Funeral Committee quickly listed twelve important articles of the funeral and presented them to mercy. On November 23 (January 3, 1891), the Military Aircraft Department issued two consecutive edicts under the will of Yi Yi, the first of which was called "Xian", the full name was "Emperor Bunsen Kao Alcohol Xian", and the second was based on the instructions played by the Funeral Committee.
Cixi, who held the right to adjudicate, agreed almost all of the money issued by the Funeral Committee, and the unusual specifications of the King's Pension Ceremony and the generous treatment received far exceeded that of the ordinary pro-feudal kings, which can be seen: First, the emperor personally performed the ceremony. Guangxu took the examination for the bunsheng for twelve months, the eleventh day of the emperor, according to the example of prince Xue's death, the emperor did not have to perform the period of service, such as after the death of Prince Gong Yixuan, the Guangxu Emperor only took fifteen days of vegetarian service, while the king of Alcohol enjoyed the treatment of the emperor's period of service during the national funeral; second, the time limit for quitting the dynasty was long. The ordinary prince Xue died as usual for three days, and the death of King Xue of Alcohol was added to eleven days by Cixi, compared with the later Gong Wang Xue's death of Cixi to five days, which shows that the specifications are not ordinary; third, the "Xian" character number is added by Cixi Tejia, not drawn up by the cabinet, and the "Great Qing Huidian" interprets the word "Xian" as "acting righteous and righteous", and only Prince Yixiang of Yi and Prince Yi of Alcohol in the Final Qing Dynasty have received this beautiful title; fourth, strengthen the emperor's appearance and participation in the ceremonies of giving foundations, offerings, ceremonies, plain clothes, and sacrifice texts.
The funeral of the king of alcohol is almost a reduced version of the national funeral specifications, and the funeral and sacrifice ceremony are handled according to the prince's routine, and the ceremony is carried out according to the tianzi ceremony. The more prominent points are: First, the sacrifice text was written by the Hanlin Yuan, announced in the name of the emperor, and the inscription was made by the emperor himself; second, it was allowed to establish the Temple of Prince Gongxian in the new residence of Prince Gong as a "temple of immortality", and the temple system was moderately elevated according to the prince's example, and the ancestral hall of prince Xiangxian was established in the middle of the residence, and the family temple family ancestral hall was established for the years to be enjoyed, and after the death of Prince Gong Yixuan, it was "worthy of enjoying the Taimiao Temple, giving the ancestral hall to the ancestral hall"; third, in terms of etiquette, music and dance, sacrifice utensils, sacrifices, sacrifices, and other accessories, the ceremony was used as a heavenly son; fourth, the prince's name was avoided in the future. In this process, Guangxu also according to yi zhi jia en alcohol prince Fu Jin, the fifth son, the sixth son and the seventh son, it can be said that the entire alcohol prince palace enjoyed a unique reward of the final Qing dynasty.
A month after the death of the old king, his golden coffin was moved to the garden, and the emperor personally came to the palace to preside over the ceremony of the transfer, and the gurudwara watched the golden coffin be transferred, which symbolized that the final ceremony had completed the most important procedure. It is worth mentioning that the garden of the golden coffin of the King of Fengqian is located next to the retreat villa under the peak of Theo Peak in The West of Beijing, which is the feng shui treasure land bought after the twenty-nine-year-old Yi Zhen of Tongzhi was selected in the seventh year, this year he once borrowed 50,000 silver from the empress dowager of the two palaces to build a tomb here to bury his children who died early, after the retreat villa was completed, the king of alcohol came to live here from time to time, for which he also compiled the "Retreat Villa Manuscript", which specifically describes his life and state of mind in the retreat villa between the seventh and eighth years of Tongzhi to Guangxu. More than once, he has expressed his liking and satisfaction with this treasure land.
Guangxu thirteen years and forty-eight years old Prince Alcohol lived in the Miaofeng Retreat Villa
In summary, on the issue of the posthumous affairs of king Alcohol, Cixi adopted the method of "grasping the big and letting go of the small". Although Guangxu's decision was extremely limited, Cixi complied almost entirely with the etiquette proposed by the ministers to be carried out by the emperor, and in the process, the ministers observed the holy will and strengthened Guangxu's presence in the process of mourning as much as possible, and Cixi was also very considerate of the sacred heart, and was as satisfied as possible with the ritual procedures for Guangxu's final contact with his biological father. The old alcohol king's posthumous affairs were done satisfactorily, which also confirmed from the side that the relationship between the queen's mother and son at this time was still harmonious.
Prince Shuxian's Garden Sleepy Yang House Retreat Villa
What's behind you?
King Alcohol was only fifty-one years old when he died, although it exceeded the average life expectancy of the princes and nobles of the Qing Dynasty, but for him who was "strong in gas", he still had some regrets about his early death. Historical records show that three months before the death of king Alcohol, he was already seriously ill and could not get up, this lifelong good practice of martial arts, riding horses, archery, dancing knives, guns are all good, when he was young and middle-aged, he often went out to practice in Nanyuan to train soldiers, his body was always strong, and he had also carried malaria, liver disease and other serious diseases, and finally failed to survive the cold winter of Guangxu sixteen years, leaving the ruler with the grief of "shocking and mourning", leaving the world with all kinds of hidden speculations. The Qing court explained in the edict that king alcohol had suffered from liver disease two years before his death, and after being treated, he was cured, and in the summer of the sixteenth year of Guangxu, due to the summer of summer and humidity, he triggered an old disease, and finally died of a deep illness and ineffective medicine.
Since the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the People's Republic, many notes have interpreted the cause of King Alcohol's death as a palace mystery case wrapped in conspiracy theories, and the spearhead is unanimously pointed at Cixi. Among them, the most colorful interpretation is Hu Sijing's record: "Yi Zhen's death is also a cloud of evil diseases." First, Xiao Qin found a prostitute from the hook bar to enter the palace, and swirled it to give Yi Zhen. Filthy and adulterous, and despised, and then sickness. He said that there were rumors that Cixi deliberately gave Yi Zhen a prostitute to commit adultery and harm her, this kind of statement is the most difficult to scrutinize, the Qing Dynasty is the most important family law and ancestral system, the ruler and the pro-nobles have a set of strict systems and procedures for discussing politics and rewarding them, how can Cixi, who is high above, use such vulgar means to deliberately harm the pro-nobles? It is even more impossible to casually find a prostitute to give her access to the palace to make waves. However, Hu Sijing, who was an old man, spared no effort to slander Cixi and slander the King of Alcohol, and his intentions were more suspicious.
"National News", Zhonghua Bookstore, 2007 edition
According to the archives of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the ZongrenFu opened by the First Historical Archive of China, Cixi gave Yizhen three official women successively, namely in October of the fifth year of Guangxu, February of the tenth year of Guangxu, and February of the twelfth year of Guangxu. The first official woman, Yan Zashi, was born in the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the daughter of Laifu of the Military Academy under the leadership of Zhenghuangqi Yuxingzuo, and died in November of the seventh year of Guangxu, and the King of Alcohol had a poem to mourn: "Liufang's remains are all traceless, and Dan Thorn Qingtang is not comforting." Qi Qi chicken window sad tent, Huanghuang Luan language descended YaoJing. Sanskrit Mysterious Truth Thousand Huazang, Immortal Cuisine Rare Seven Treasure Soup. Confiscation of the special grace of the birth of the offering, the wife of the side of the wife saw this mourning. "Yan Zashi was very popular with Cixi, and after entering the palace, he was summoned to the palace twice, and after her death, she was posthumously honored by Cixi as a side Fujin, and the funeral was very decent, and the king of Alcohol had a very good relationship with her. The second official woman was from the Changchun Palace where Cixi lived, and was the daughter of Tang Adechun under the White Banner of Zhengbai, and the third official woman did not see a surname record. However, the clan government, which managed the affairs of the royal clan, would regularly exchange letters with the royal palace gate, constantly updating the records of the concubines, names, knighthoods, birth and death times, marriages, titles, burials, etc. of the children of the clan, and the names of the fu jin, side fujin, concubines, and officials and women of these princes and princes were all recorded, and it was impossible to appear unclear.
The three side Fujins of Yizhen the Prince of Alcohol took a group photo: liu jiashi, the middle seat, the three sons of Zaifeng, Zaixun, and Zaitao were all born, the right seater Li Jiashi had a daughter, and the identity of the left seater was unknown.
More points to Cixi's intervention when king Alcohol was ill. For example, the owner of xiaohengxiang room said in the "Great View of the Wild History of the Qing Dynasty" that Cixi deprived Yi Zhen of his right to prolong medical treatment, and the medicines for medical treatment came from the court; Jin Liang said in the "Outer Chronicles of the Qing Emperor And Later Qing Dynasty" that Cixi knew that Yi Zhen was suffering from internal heat but deliberately gave ice water and was deadly; and Chen Baoyi, a descendant of chen Fuen's family and Yuan Shikai's staff, vividly recorded the death of the old alcohol king, saying that during his illness, cixi sent imperial doctors to take turns to diagnose and see, the drugs were issued from the inner court, and a small amount of poison was gradually poisoned, and the governor Li Hongzhang, who was directly subordinate to the governor, made friends with the king of alcohol. Sending a famous doctor into the capital for diagnosis, but the king of alcohol did not let the comers diagnose the pulse, tearfully saying that his illness was just a cold and hot alternating, sweating like rain after drinking the medicine, thinking that it would be cured, the empress dowager sent the imperial doctor and the medicine from the palace, and even said: "To give it to the present, long-term hard work and resentment, this illness will not be affordable, Jungui for me to speak less Tsuen, high affection and friendship, no teeth do not forget also." "It was as if the King of Alcohol had died for Guangxu and had to die.
Although the rumors of the cause of death are only speculations, it is true that the feng shui of the tomb was destroyed after death. The Baiguoshu incident cited at the beginning of this article is from the version of Wang Zhao's dictation and Wang Shuliang's transcript, Wang Zhaozi Xiaohang, directly subordinate to the Shuntianfu people, Guangxu twenty years (1894) jinshi, after the dispersal of the museum as the head of the ceremonial department, let him rise to fame in the Hundred Days Restoration should be obstructed, the Guangxu Emperor dismissed the six officials of the ceremonial department, fled to Japan after the failure of the Penghu reform, minchu returned to China to devote himself to the promotion of modern pinyin script. Wang Shuyi (王树柟), also spelled Jinqing (字晋卿), a native of Xincheng, Hebei Province, was a scholar in the twelfth year of Guangxu (1886), an official to Xinjiang, and after the Xinhai Revolution, he successively served as the general editor of the Qing History Museum and the chief lecturer of Shenyang Cuisheng Academy. The two had close contacts during the revision of the History of the Qing Dynasty, and had cooperated in the "Testament of Emperor Dezong", one was an old new party who had been met by the Guangxu Emperor, and the other was a widow who had a deep attachment to the former Qing Dynasty, and the story of the white fruit tree they described focused on shaping the opposite image of Guangxu's sad helplessness and Cixi's arbitrary oppression.
Hu Sijing, who was born in the same list as Wang Zhao, as early as the Xuantong period, wrote his own "National News and Preparation", and the record of this matter was not only more wrong and leaky, but also added oil and vinegar quite a lot:
Bingbu Shilang was good at public opinion, and one day he drove around the Alcohol Garden, making him look at the garden auspiciously, and Yingnian was horrified: "It is Qi Shangwang, and he is reborn as the emperor, when he is still in the royal family." "When Guangxu had already arrived in September, he had already established Pu Yan as the crown prince. Xiao Qin said: "The world has already returned, but it is not necessary to say anything?" As Qing Qing said, what method should be used to break it? "YingNian looked at the tomb next to the old catalpa tree, and the hundred-year-old thing was taken in a hurry, because the finger tree played; "Cutting this is discouraged, it may be broken." "When Filial Piety returned to the palace, he sent envoys to cut down trees. The tree was as strong as iron, and the axes and saws were used, and they could not enter the inch all day long, and the blood burst out of the tree. The next morning, the broken marks were compounded as before, and the overseers were afraid and asked to stop. Xiao Qin was furious, and he oversaw dozens of workers in the garden, and did his best to serve him in one day, killing a giant snake, and the small snake squirmed and crouched countless times, and the salary was burned in a hurry, and the smell reached several miles.
Hu Sijing said that this incident occurred in September of the twenty-fifth year of Guangxu (1899), when The Soldier Attendant Yingnian observed that Prince Yuanyuan had the spirit of an emperor and spoke to Cixi, at this time the imperial court had set up a big brother, cixi wanted to destroy the feng shui of the king's tomb by means of the art of victory, so he listened to Yingnian's suggestion to forcibly cut down the ancient white fruit tree, so that visions were frequent. This version binds the Feng Shui theory of the Emperor yuan of the Yuan Dynasty with the Jianchu of Jihai, not to mention that Pu Yan was made the time of the Great Brother (actually Guangxu 25 December), and the details are injected with a lot of literary imagination. As Hu Sijing, who rose to prominence at the end of the Qing Dynasty, this version of his "creation" not only magnified the contradiction between Cixi and Guangxu, but also mythologized the legitimacy of Xuantong's ascension to the throne.
In addition, Wu Shijian, who entered the army two years before Wang Zhao, entered the Republic of China under the pseudonym "Qing Gong Ci" under the pseudonym "Master of the Nine Bells of Qiantang", which also has a record in the words: "The new peak of the sleeping garden, the saw kettle destroys the horse mane." Ginkgo biloba is half-dead pine cypress old, and the dragon cries in the deep wind and rain. Self-note: "Prince Yuxian's garden sleeps on the peak of Myo Peak, and the giant tree can be hugged by several people." In a certain year, Empress Xiaoqin ordered people to break it, and the roots were deep and the tree was large, and there were giant snakes coiling under each other. "The record is relatively simple, but the sympathetic attitude towards the status of the old alcohol king can be read between the lines. During the Republic of China, Xu Yishi also wrote that "in the twenty-second year of Guangxu, after Filial Piety, emperor Xiao Qin, on the grounds that he was not sorry for Emperor Dezong and confused by feng shui, decided to cut down, but Emperor Dezong could not stop it, and led people to cut it himself", believing that Cixi was dissatisfied with Guangxu and superstitious about feng shui, and Guangxu rebelled fruitlessly.
The white fruit tree incident recorded by Wang Zhao, Hu Sijing, Wu Shijian, Xu Yishi and others are all processed versions more than ten years or even decades after the incident, and the closest record from the incident itself is from the Guangxu Emperor's teacher Weng Tonggong. The Baiguoshu Incident occurred in March of the 23rd year of Guangxu, and Weng Tonggong wrote plainly in his diary between April that the ancient Baiguo tree in prince Yuanyuan was originally an old object of the Jin and Yuan dynasties, and had just been cut down by Cixi in the name of "making the Ming Hall carry out", and there was no other word. Mingtang refers to the place where the earth qi gathers before the baoding of the Prince of Alcohol, the white fruit tree is both an ancient tree hundreds of years ago, and the tomb is the tomb of the Alcohol King before he was born, the Alcohol King died for more than six years, the white fruit tree blocked the Ming Hall and it was not a day or two, and Cixi took Guangxu to the top of the treasure many times to pay tribute, is it now found that the feng shui is not in harmony? Obviously, cutting down trees and opening the church is just a superstitious feng shui statement, which can more or less reflect the subtlety and tension of the relationship between the queen's mother and son, the son and the king, but Weng Tonggong, who is a witness, does not regard this as a vicious event.
Historians trace historical events, mostly inferring the process by ending, as if everything has traces. When it comes to the tragedy of cixi and Guangxu's mother-son discord, the coup d'état is undoubtedly a landmark node, and the Baiguoshu incident seems to be the beginning of the discord between the two. In fact, after the death of King Alcohol, the power structure of the empress dowager remained as usual under the model of "limited return of the empress dowager" that he had painstakingly planned during his lifetime, and the state affairs were generally handled in accordance with the methods decided by the emperor on ordinary matters, the deliberation of the cardinals on slightly difficult matters, and the adjudication of difficult matters. All the sons of the Alcohol King's Mansion were young and had not entered politics, and the Alcohol King's Mansion basically faded out of the political arena and enjoyed the most glorious years. In May of the twenty-second year of Guangxu (1896), Prince Huanfujin of Guangxu and sister of Cixi, Yehenara Wanzhen, died, and the birth mother of the Guangxu Emperor was given the title of "Emperor Bunsheng Concubine" and was solemnly buried in the garden with Prince Huanxian, and her final ceremony was of course also an unusual number in the funeral of Prince Fujin of the Qing Dynasty. The successive deaths of the emperor's parents made the most powerful buffer between Guangxu and Cixi completely lost.
In the future, the relationship between the queen's mother and son became clear, and the deterioration was obvious and obvious. In the twenty-fourth year of Guangxu (1898), the Hundred Days Restoration presided over by the Guangxu Emperor ended in the form of abortion, Cixi launched a coup d'état, Guangxu called the disease, Cixi disciplined the government, Guangxu was imprisoned in Zhongnanhai Yingtai, the relationship between mother and son was cold to the freezing point, and the following year (1899) Cixi publicly registered Pu Juan, the son of Wang Zaiyi of Liduan County, as the eldest brother, and raised the inner court as the heir of the Tongzhi Emperor, known in history as "He hai jian chu", openly destroying the family law of the secretly built reserve and abolishing the establishment. In the twenty-sixth year of Guangxu (1900), Cixi used Zai Yi and other big brothers to fight against the Yang, causing the coalition army to invade China, and Cixi took Guangxu to stage a drama of hasty resignation, and the situation was not asked. By the time the treaty was signed and the two palaces were returned to Luan, the relationship between the empress and the empress in the New Deal at the end of the Qing Dynasty was said to have eased, but Guangxu finally regrettably died in October of the 34th year of Guangxu, and his adoptive mother, Empress Dowager Cixi of the Great Qing Dynasty, died twenty hours later, and the mother and son of the empress dowager could not get rid of power disputes and emotional entanglements until their deaths.
Until the death of Guangxu and Cixi, the secret story surrounding the mother and son of the Guangxu Dynasty has become the most joyful content of the old and the young in the late Qing Dynasty, and the same story is often interpreted into many versions, and the protagonists in the story are labeled, masked and even demonized. Just as Ke Wen's "Three Notes on History" presents different interpretations of the history of the Boxer Rebellion in the three levels of events, experiences and myths, the events represent a special interpretation of the past, and the myth is "a special interpretation of the present with the past as the carrier", according to this line of thinking, Weng Tonggong recorded that the Baiguoshu incident was the history of the witnesses, and did not implant the suspicion of the deterioration of the relationship between the empress and the empress, and more than ten years later, as Wang Zhao and Xu Yishi of the old new party, as Wu Shijian and Hu Sijing of the later Qingliu, Out of the intention of finding sinners for the demise of the Qing Dynasty, they pushed the degree of responsibility for the fall of the country to Cixi and others at different levels, which led to the emergence of various versions of the White Fruit Tree Incident becoming a vicious incident of Cixi's attack on Guangxu, and the cause of death of the King of Alcohol coming from Cixi's harm.
At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the People's Republic, anti-Manchu and anti-Qing ideological trends surged up, and public opinion sympathizing with Guangxu and belittling Cixi was very loud. In fact, the cause of death of King Alcohol is clearly recorded in the historical records, after Guangxu entered the summer of the thirteenth year, Yizhen had a serious illness, and in October the palace frequently reported serious illness, the emperor was very worried about it, but he could only inquire from the mouths of the close Master Weng and the ministers of the military aircraft, Cixi took Guangxu to the residence many times to see the disease, thinking that the sick king personally handed over to Guangxu the special protective body gold given by Cixi during the tour of the Beiyang Navy last year, and instructed him to "not forget the navy", and then sent a message to the emperor through Master Weng, "Please do not worry, read well". It can be seen that when it came to the time of serious illness, Guangxu and the King of Alcohol still adhered to the system of courtesy until death, cixi had no reason to be uneasy about the King of Alcohol and Guangxu, after this serious illness, the King of Alcohol was not in good health until he died of illness three years later.
In addition to the official records that King Alcohol suffered from liver disease for many years, the cause of his death also had a lot to do with the huge psychological burden he carried for a long time in his later years and the high-intensity difficult government. Not to mention that after Jiashen Yishu took over the reins of his brother until his death, there was not a day in worry and fear for more than six years, and in the sixteen years of the Guangxu Dynasty, which day was easy? Any wind and grass that began at the end of the green apple could touch his sensitive nerves, his ambitions and abilities, ideals and deeds were not incompatible, all kinds of unbalanced accumulation, all kinds of unavoidable hardships, became the real killer who destroyed his physical health and could not see, and the end of the king's sorrow may have been as early as the fifth day of the first month of December in the thirteenth year of Tongzhi (January 12, 1875), on the night of the night of the first five days of the thirteenth year of Tongzhi (January 12, 1875), his concubine Zai Xiang became the heir emperor.
Editor-in-Charge: Huang Xiaofeng
Proofreader: Ding Xiao