"House" at home to study the ancient Shennong clan, Shennong clan and Yandi are not the same person?
The Shennong clan was first seen in the Zhou Yi, which was written in the Spring and Autumn Period, and the Zhou Yi records: "The Bao Clan did not, the Shennong Clan made the chopping wood for the Qi, the kneading wood for the Qi, and the benefit of the Qian, in order to teach the world and cover the benefits." ”
The records of Emperor Yan are more numerous, and the Chinese Jin Dialect says: "Xi Shaodian married to the Youyu clan, and gave birth to the Yellow Emperor and the Yan Emperor. The Yellow Emperor was made of Ji Shuicheng, and the Yan Emperor was made of Jiang Shuicheng." He also said, "Emperor Yan is Jiang." ”
"Zuo Chuan Zhao Gong Seventeen Years" contains: "The Yandi clan is named after the fire master for the fire age", "Zuo Chuan · The Twenty-Ninth Year of the Duke of Zhao records that "there was a son of the Lieshan clan, Yue Zhu, who was worshipped from Xia. The "Zuo Zhuan" mentions the Yandi and Lieshan clans, but does not mention the Shennong clan at all.
Doubtful ancients will ask, will the Shennong clan be adapted by later generations? Don't worry.
The Shanghai Museum purchased a batch of bamboo books from the Chu state during the Warring States period in 1994. There is an article in the bamboo book called "Rong Chengshi", which records the Shennong clan, is the credibility of ShangboJian high? Shangbo Jian is a primitive and first-hand Warring States ancient book before the "Book Burning Pit Confucianism".
The Rong Cheng Clan says that "the Zun Lu clan, the Huxu clan, the Qiao Jie clan, the Cangjie clan, the Xuanyuan clan, the Shennong clan, the Zhu Rong clan, and the Yuanyun clan have the world, and they all do not grant their sons but are given sages", which mentions many ancient clan names, including the Shennong clan, so the Shennong clan is likely to exist.
The Rong Cheng Clan can be corroborated with Zhuangzi, "Zhuangzi Shu Zhen": "In the past, the Rong Cheng clan, the Dating clan, the Bohuang clan, the Central clan, the Lilu clan, the Li Animal clan, the Xuanyuan clan, the Huxu clan, the Zunlu clan, the Zhu Rong clan, the Fu Clan, the Shennong clan, when it was also, the people tied the rope and used it." It can be seen that the name of the ancient emperor in "Rong Chengshi" is based on evidence.
In the Western Han Dynasty, the Western Han literati added the color of the Five Elements Doctrine to Emperor Yan, "Yandi Shennongshi... With huo chengmu, so it is the Yan Emperor, the people cultivate the farmers, so the world is called Shennong Clan", and the Eastern Han Dynasty Wang Fu yun in the "Theory of the Latent Husband": "There is a divine dragon first out, often feel the concubine, the birth emperor Linkui, the body name Yan Emperor, the world name Shennong" ,—— to the Han Dynasty, people think that Shennong and Yandi are the same person, so the original pre-Qin relationship between the two is clearly one. Later generations have continued this saying, the Qing Dynasty "Shiben" Yun: "Yan Emperor, Shennongye".
Are Shennong and Yandi really the same person? They are not strongly related in the early texts, but they all cultivate hundreds of grains, Chinese Lu Yu ShangYun: "Xi Lieshan Clan has the world, its son Yue Pillar, can breed hundreds of grains and vegetables", and the "Book of Rites and Sacrifices" called it "Li Shan Clan", and said: "Li Shan Clan has the world, its son Yue Nong, can cultivate hundreds of grains" - Li Shan and Shennong are related to the cultivation of hundreds of grains, we can roughly speculate that Lieshan (Li Shan) is another name or branch of Shennong. Shennong and Lieshan are both clan names, and Yandi may be the name of an emperor.
The Chinese says: "The Xi Shaodian clan married the Youyi clan and gave birth to the Yellow Emperor and the Yan Emperor. The Yellow Emperor was made of Ji Shuicheng, and the Yan Emperor was made of Jiang Shuicheng." Where is ginger water? Some scholars believe that the location of the Qingjiang River in the Weibin District of Baoji City is still controversial, but all parties in the dispute have argued that the Yandi (Shennong clan) is near the Guanzhong Plain in the northwest. The Shaodian is not found in other texts, and may be a branch of the clan under the Shennong clan.
The "Lü's Spring and Autumn Period and Prudential Situation" says that "the Seventeenth Shennong Clan has the world" - there are 17 generations of the Shennong Clan, and if it is calculated from 30 to 35 years as a generation (the average life expectancy of the Shang Dynasty people is 36 years old, which is shorter than that of the Shang dynasty), there are also 500 or 600 years of history. It can be inferred that the Shennong clan is an ancient clan living in the northwest, and it is surnamed Jiang.
Among the 75 surnames published by the 23 Rubik's Cube, we count the seven surnames with the highest frequency of the downstream branches of M117, see whether there is a Surname of Jiang, see the preliminary investigation of the y chromosome of the Yandi tribe - from this text, the surname of Jiang is the highest frequency in the downstream of M117, much higher than other branches. That is to say, the Yandi (Shennong) tribe is a tribe with m117 as the main body.
Among the three branches of O2A with a large number of people, the largest branch is M117 branches, see the origin and power division of the three major branches of Han O2a. The oα branch downstream of m117 (including the oα itself) broke out four or five times before 6000 years ago, especially f14249, also known as oα3, which broke out 6300 years ago, accounting for 2.64% of the population at that time, which is more consistent with the first phase of Miaodigou.
O2a three branches
In general, the Miaodigou culture can be very old, and the influence spreads throughout most of China, including the Promotion of the Hongshan Culture (oα has a branch that once went north to the Red Mountain, see the descendants of the Red Mountain and the n lineage), influenced the Dawenkou culture, impacted the Majiabin culture, and promoted the Daxi culture, see figure below. The core area of the early Miaodigou was in Guanzhong and Western Henan, which was related to the Shennong clan. The haplogroup type of the Yellow Emperor is still relatively controversial, and it is not listed for the time being.
Miaodigou culture
There is an important branch downstream of M117 called cts9678, which is the downstream branch of oα3, which is the descendant of the branch of f14249. According to the analysis of the 23 Magic Cube Agency, they broke out 4480 years ago, were evenly distributed throughout the country, accounting for 1.28% of the population at that time, and were considered to be the top patrilineal clusters in the outbreak, ranking one of the nine major tribes. See What were the nine strongest tribes in China in ancient times?
From archaeological knowledge, it is known that 4500 years ago, the Tiger Mountain culture began to rise, and the time coincided with the outbreak time of cts9678, and the lifestyle of the Tiger Mountain culture was collected by safari, which was different from the farming population. The climate gradually became colder, and the Yongxingdian culture, a branch of the Tiger Mountain culture, began to move south, and they arrived at the Shi'an site to form the Shi'an culture, and finally the people of the Yongxingdian and Shi'an culture destroyed the Tao Temple site. See figure below.
Yongxingdian culture went south
Will cts9678 participate in the expansion of the Tiger Mountain crowd when the Tiger Mountain crowd goes south? This possibility cannot be ruled out, otherwise their outbreak would not have been so close, and the Shiya population is a mixed economy of semi-pastoral hunting and semi-farming settlement, of which cts9678 may be part of the agricultural settlement. It can be speculated that cts9678 and the Tiger Mountain crowd destroyed the Tao Temple together and became the victor of the time (possibly the Xia Dynasty), so cts9678 will be evenly distributed throughout the country.
There is another z39663 (source gene called e326) branch downstream of cts9678, and z39663 is downstream of cts9678. z39663 is also a man with a story, his descendants accounted for 0.51% of the population at that time, and among the downstream branches of M117, z39663 was the most fertile more than 3,000 years ago.
z39663 is a person with a career, he broke out 3520 years ago, showing a high frequency in today's Shanxi, and today's descendants have the surnames of Gou, Gai, Ma and so on. z39663 broke out 3520 years ago, just after the establishment of the Shang Dynasty, indicating that he may be related to the Shang Dynasty. z39663 should not be qiangfang, which is hostile to the Shang Dynasty and has been suppressed. z39663 may be a prince in the western part of the Shang Dynasty, such as the Chonghou Tiger. Chonghou Hu is not necessarily accurate, just a talk. According to the statistics of the "General History of the Shang Dynasty", there are too many princes of the Shang Dynasty in the oracle bone Bu ci, 11 of whom are called Fang, 45 of whom are called Hou Bozi, and 3 of whom are called kings. It is difficult to find the corresponding princes of z39663, so let's leave it alone.
During the hundreds of years of the Zhou Dynasty, there was no major outbreak of Oα, but there was a branch called m1513, which was downstream of CTS9678, which broke out in 3450, accounting for 0.49% of the population at that time. Wang, Guo, Yang, Zheng, Zhou, Cai, Yu and other Ji Zhou surnames are all m1513 high frequency, and m1513 is one of Ji Zhou's candidate paternal lineage. The candidate patrilines of Ji Zhou are mainly n north branch and m1513 branch, what is the y haplogroup of n north Ji zhou? Please see the test results of the Western Zhou Tombs
At the end of qin, oα appeared again. Downstream of oα1 there is a branch called f155-f813, which is a branch of the Liu Bang family of Han Gaozu, who was born in present-day Feng County, Jiangsu.
How was Liu Bang's gene finalized? "Family Origins" (Phase I) Liu Bang Family. From the Miaodigou period 6,000 years ago to the establishment of the Han Dynasty, the M117 series has played an important role in Guanzhong and Western Henan. Although in some periods the light was overshadowed by the Red Mountain n series, the Ghost Square Q series, and the Sanmiao o1b1, the m117 series, with its enduring patience, defeated all opponents and became the ultimate big winner. Among the modern Han Chinese, the M117 family is the most populous branch.
The Miaodigou culture is the most powerful in prehistory, with a strong Yangshao cultural color, and is characterized by the art of faience pottery. Geographically and temporally, the second phase of Miaodigou can correspond to the Shennong clan in the literature, and the Shennong clan corresponds to the m117-oα branch in molecular anthropology, so most of the oα clan is an agricultural tribe.
From the Shennong clan - Shi'an tribe - Shang Dynasty princes - Ji Zhou candidates - Han Dynasty Liu Bang, the M117 crowd has played a pivotal role and played a major role in China's mainstream history.