Due to the continuous high temperature weather in recent days, the call for cotton fields to enter the head water has become even stronger! After a recent cotton field interview with cotton farmers, they are all anxious to enter the head water. Cotton farmers generally believe that although the cotton seedlings are not dry now, they are now budding early, afraid of the drought of cotton buds, and they are also afraid that the cotton seedlings will turn from prosperity to decline, affecting the yield. Based on these questions, Tianshan Plant Protection talked about some views.
First, the current growth of cotton seedlings since May
Judging from the continuous survey in recent days, most of the cotton fields are blue-green, the red stems are low, and the cotton as a whole is drought-free. Why such a phenomenon occurs, Tianshan Plant Protection believes that this is related to the dripping of seedling water more than twice. Due to the fact that there are more cotton fields dripping water twice, the field holds water better, the high temperature and less rain, and the cotton grows faster, especially in early to mid-May. Cotton in the imminent budding period, in the middle of May, the daily growth of cotton seedlings is more than 1 cm, and into the late May sustained high temperature weather comes, cotton seedlings daily growth from 0.8 cm to 0.2 cm, growth began to slow down, this period of cotton generally into the bud period, but also due to the influence of high temperature weather, cotton bud transformation is also faster, from the current point of view, cotton fertility process is generally about 10 days earlier than in previous years. At present, the cotton field is generally 8-10 true leaves, and the number of fruit branches is also 2-4.
Second, the growth of cotton seedlings requires drought
(1) Two goals for the budding period of cotton
The current bud period of cotton is generally considered to have two goals, one is to achieve early buds, more buds, and more buds; the other is to set up a shelf of abundant production. That is to say, both reproductive growth and vegetative growth, that is, the two growth periods go hand in hand. The recent high temperature drought is conducive to the early transformation of buds and promotes reproductive growth, and high temperature drought or drought in cotton fields can achieve the goal of promoting transformation.
(2) Cotton farmers are afraid of drought for a long time, and cotton buds will dry out
From the experience of the past years, the natural or physiological shedding period of cotton bud period should be 10 days after the initial bud period or after 5 fruit branches, Tianshan Plant Protection believes that the current cotton buds will not be dried, and there are no cases in this regard over the years.
(iii) Cotton farmers will worry that the shelf of abundant production will not be erected
This problem does not have to worry, from the current cotton overall plant height, generally more than 30 cm, and then more than 20 days to top the point of view, if around June 10 irrigation, the height of the top is also enough.
(4) Early drought exercise is better than late drought
Judging from the hydrological situation, due to the thin snow accumulation in northern Xinjiang last year and this spring, the snow layer in the Tianshan Mountains is thin, and the dripping seedling water is generally more than in previous years, and the water consumption is large. Although the continuous high temperature has accelerated the water coming from the river, the current reservoir capacity is obviously insufficient, and the early drought exercise of cotton seedlings is better than the late drought.
Third, the drought situation in cotton fields
Judging from the survey, the cotton fields with drought elephants are generally concentrated in weak seedling fields or soil fields with water leakage and fertilizer leakage, and the cotton seedlings show that the middle and lower leaves are yellowed to fall off due to drought loss, and the cotton field spots appear dry during the noon high temperature period, the leaves are thin and droopy, and the cotton fields are gray and green and dull. According to the survey, 10-20% of the cotton fields with dry elephants are found. The main cotton field is green to yellowish green, the leaves are large and thick, there is no point in the drought, and there is also the potential for drought training. Irrigation water should still be adapted to local conditions, insisting that cotton fields with serious drought fields or large and small seedlings can enter the head water early, and zhuangmiao fields and Wangmiao fields are recommended to postpone irrigation after June 10.
4. Field management recommendations
(1) Water and fertilizer management
The daily growth of the main stem is 0.8-1.2 cm in early June and 1.2-2 cm in the middle and late June. The first irrigation time of the cotton field is at the end of June, the head water increment, the mu drip of 1 water is about 30 squares, and when 2-3 times of irrigation, it is necessary to adhere to the high-frequency secondary irrigation cycle, a small number of multiple irrigation, and the mu drip party is 20-25 squares. From June 10, the calculation is based on the daily application of a large amount of elemental water-soluble fertilizer 0.15 kg, urea 0.3 kg standard. Cotton fields without autumn fertilization should be increased as appropriate.
(2) Timely regulation
Cotton regulation is mainly based on water regulation, supplemented by seedling adjustment. Chemical regulation is carried out according to the growth trend of cotton before head water, for cotton fields with moderate growth, 3 days before entering the water, 98% of methylperine is used 2-4 grams per mu for regulation, and the cotton fields with normal growth are lightly adjusted, and the weak cotton fields are mainly promoted.
(3) Pest control
At present, the focus of control is on cotton bollworm, cotton aphid, cotton leaf mite, cotton blind bug and other insect pests.
1. Cotton bollworm: a generation of cotton bollworm adult feathering peak using poplar handle, insecticidal lamp or strip application cotton bollworm agent to trap adult insects, when the cotton bollworm 100 eggs or young larvae up to 5 timely prevention, recommended use of cotton bollworm nuclear polyhedral virus, chlorantranoid benzamide, methyl vitamin salt and other insecticides.
2. Cotton aphid: grasp the prevention and control of the central plant and the point stage, and recommend the use of pesticides such as acetamiprid, imidacloprid, thiamethoxazine, flufenaceramide and so on.
3. Cotton leaf mite: grasp the prevention and control of the point of the tablet period, there are mite plants 5% before the head water, and there are mite plants after the head water with a rate of 10% for general prevention, it is recommended to use pesticides such as avermectin, tetramethazine, pyridoxine, spironite ester and ethanazole.
4. Cotton blind bugs and double-spotted firefly beetles: the control indicators are 5 hundred insects of cotton blind bugs, 30 hundred plants of double-spotted fireflies, and the application time is before 10:00 a.m. or after 9:00 p.m., and the medicine is applied inward from the field.
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