Hundreds of years ago, jiangnan weaving bureau, now Suzhou No. 10 Middle School
In 1779, in order to welcome the Qianlong Emperor who went down to Jiangnan for the fifth time, the Suzhou government moved Ruiyunfeng from the Lingering Garden to the palace that was about to collapse in Qianlong, that is, the weaving bureau of that year, now Suzhou No. 10 Middle School.
In 1780, Qianlong stood every day where we stand today (Picture 1), quietly admiring the Ruiyun Peak in the water, delicate and clear, thin and wrinkled.
This is one of the four famous stones in Jiangnan.
The other three are: Yuling Long in Shanghai Yu Garden, Crepe Cloud Peak in Hangzhou QishiGuan, and Guanyun Peak in Suzhou Lingering Garden.
There are many historical stories in Suzhou No. 10 Middle School, such as the former Weaving Bureau, the residence of Chongzhen's father-in-law Zhou Kui at the end of the Ming Dynasty, the palace in Suzhou when Qianlong went down to jiangnan, and the Zhenhua Girls' Middle School founded by Wang Xieda in 1905 (moved to the old site of the Weaving Bureau by Mr. Wang Jiyu in 1928)...
The first Sunday of each month is the opening day of Suzhou Ten Middle School to the public. After making an appointment on the "Suzhou Garden Tourism" public account, we entered the campus this morning to visit. Ruiyunfeng is repairing, and I had the privilege of watching it on the open day last month, which is the best taihu stone that ranks first among the "four strange stones in Jiangnan".
Focus on the Gangnam Weaving Bureau today.
Entering the school gate, the east foyer has a monument to Shunzhi's ten years of rebuilding the Jiangnan Weaving Bureau, and the west foyer has a stele of Shunzhi's three years.
Behind the stone stele of the national key cultural relics protection unit at the gate is introduced:
Former site of Suzhou Weaving Bureau
Founded in the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty Weaving and Dyeing Bureau was located in the North Bureau of Present-day Guanqian Street. In the third year of Qing Shunzhi (1646), he built a weaving bureau in the residence of Zhou Kui, a noble relative at the end of the Ming Dynasty, also known as the Weaving and Dyeing Bureau. In the thirteenth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1674), it was changed to the Weaving Yamen, also known as the Weaving House or the Weaving Bureau, which was also in charge of the imperial weaving and the collection of machine taxes, and was called "Jiangnan Three Weavings" together with the Jiangning and Hangzhou Weaving Bureaus at that time. There are existing head gates, Yimen, Duozhixuan, Palace Ruins, etc., and the existing Taihu Shiruiyunfeng in the palace ruins is a relic of the Northern Song Dynasty Zhu Xun's "Flower Stone Class".
After returning home, I turned out the "Chronicle of Suzhou Weaving Bureau" from the book kitchen and read the past of the LiyiLi Weaving Bureau.
Suzhou has always been a thriving silk weaving industry. Suzhou has a long history of weaving. The matter of Song and Yuan is already difficult to examine.
In the Hongwu year of the Ming Dynasty, all the way to the Apocalypse and Chongzhen Dynasty, the rise and fall can still be found in the historical records. Since the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, sometimes the office has been stopped, and they have obeyed the emperor's orders.
During the Yuan dynasty, the Weaving Bureau was established in the south of Pingqiao and sent officials to supervise it.
In the first year of Ming Hongwu's reign, the Weaving Bureau was built in the east of Tianxin Bridge, and the local officials were ordered to supervise the construction.
During the Yongle years, he sent Yu Xiaoyue and the eunuch Ruan Li to manage the weaving in Suzhou and Hangzhou. Since then, it has become customary to dispatch internal envoys to manage Su Hangzhou weaving.
Hong Xi, Xuande, Zhengtong, Tianshun to Chenghua all had eunuchs who supervised the creation of the eunuchs recorded in name and surname.
Fifteen years of Hongzhi seem to have been suspended, and during the Zhengde years, he sent too much supervision to build, and the pressure was even greater, and the people were greatly disturbed.
The Jiajing and Longqing dynasties remained the same.
In the twenty-fifth year of the Wanli Calendar, Lü Kun, the attendant of the Punishment Department, complained about the suffering of weaving to disturb the people and harm the people, but the emperor ignored it.
In the twenty-ninth year of the Wanli Calendar (1601), the weaving eunuch Sun Long oversaw the taxation of Suzhou, and the Kunshan County clan Ge Cheng and other officials were killed, and Sun Long was frightened and moved to Hangzhou.
In the forty-third year of the Wanli Calendar (1615), Lin Ruchu, a servant of the Ministry of Works, requested that the ancestral precepts be followed and that the internal officials be stopped to supervise weaving in order to relieve the hardships of the people in the southeast.
In the second year of the Apocalypse (1622), The Suzhou-Hangzhou weaving eunuch Li Shi Shangshu, participated in the Songjiang prefect Zhang Zongheng, Suzhou Tongzhi Yang Jiang sent a price, no payment, the emperor withheld Zhang and Yang's Feng Lu.
In the sixth year of the Apocalypse (1626), Li Shi, a eunuch of The Suzhou-Hangzhou Weaving, falsely accused and impeached Zhou Qiyuan, the governor of Songjiang, Zhang Zongheng, and Tongzhi Sun Yingkun, and impeached Yushi Huang Zunsu, Zhou Zongjian, Miao Changqi, Zhou Shunchang, and Du Yushi Gao Panlong as the Donglin evil party.
The Donglin disaster began here.
In the first year of Chongzhen (1628), Li Shi was arrested and severely punished, and weaving stopped.
The Chongzhen Emperor wore patched coarse cloth clothes, insisted on not opening the weaving for seventeen years to disturb the people, and was really a good emperor, but unfortunately his life was not good.
In the third year of Qing Shunzhi (1646), he was instructed to dispatch Chen Youming, a servant of the Ministry of Works, and Shangzhi, a Manchurian official, to weave Su and Hang, Chen Youming to manage the General Weaving Bureau, Shangzhi to manage the Weaving and Dyeing Bureau, and to report to the giant chambers of Su, Song, and Changsanfu as machine households.
In the eighth year of Shunzhi (1651), he was instructed to buy silk to collect silk and create an office, withdraw the Manchurian officials of the Silk Dyeing Bureau, and Chen Youming alone supervised the two bureaus, namely the General Weaving Bureau and the Weaving and Dyeing Bureau.
In the eleventh year of Shunzhi (1654), he was ordered to stop weaving.
In the thirteenth year of Shunzhi (1656), he ordered the council officer Ma Weiru and the eunuch Deng Bingzhong to supervise the weaving of Suzhou.
In the sixteenth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1677), the soldiers' salaries were short, and they were ordered to abolish the provincial weaving, and only the price of the sales materials was more than 50,000 silver.
In the twenty-first year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1682), Yun Gui was flattened, and the amount was still restored, and the amount of silver was sold and purchased, totaling more than 80,000 taels.
In the twenty-fourth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1685), the southern and northern bureaus each cut twenty-four sheets, for a total of forty-eight cuts.
In the twenty-fifth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1686), he was ordered to cut up the cattle and yellow clippers for the transport of dragon clothes ships, and save the floating costs of the prefectures and counties to relieve the hardships of the people.
The "Chronicle of Suzhou Weaving Bureau" contains Chen Youming's "Chronicle of the Construction and Weaving Bureau" and "Record of the Reconstruction of the Weaving and Dyeing Bureau", which has a detailed record of the situation of the Weaving Bureau.
There is also Wen Zhengming's "Record of the Reconstruction of the Weaving and Dyeing Bureau", which begins with Yun: The beginning of the weaving and dyeing of Su County, which was founded in Hongwu, Dingxin in Hongxi, and is contained in the County Chronicle, although it is briefly not detailed, and the inscription can be examined in the calendar. ⋯⋯
Wen's writing is smooth and beautiful, and it is a pleasure to read.
I'll take a closer look next time.