Throat: Organ name. (1) "Pharynx" is a common name for the esophagus, and later generations also called it "stomach system". The larynx is a common name for the trachea, also known as the "lung system". "Lingshu Sorrow and Speechlessness": "The throat person, the way of the valley is also; the throat person, the reason why the qi is up and down." Book XXII of the Book of Analogues: "Man has two throats, one soft and one hard. The soft one is behind, which is the throat, the way of the water valley, and the one who passes through the six houses. The hard one in front is the throat, which is the way for the sect qi to enter and exit, so the breath is breathed, and the five Tibetans are also passed. "(2) The general term for the pharyngeal gate and laryngeal tube. "Su Qing Tai Yin Yang Ming Treatise": "The throat is the main weather, and the pharynx is the main earth qi." "The Sutra of The Class": "The larynx is the lung system, so it receives qi, so it passes up to the heavens; the pharynx is the stomach system, so it is subject to the valley of water, so it passes down to the earth." ”
The Lingshu records that ren pulse, "to the throat"; the dou pulse, "into the throat"; the chong pulse, the Ren pulse, "will be in the throat"; the hand sun meridian, "follow the pharynx"; the hand less yin meridian, the branch: "upper throat"; the foot shaoyang meridian, "upper throat"; the foot Yang Ming meridian, "upper follow the pharynx"; the foot Taiyin meridian, "upper knot in the pharynx".
Traditional Chinese medicine terms. A general term for pharynx and larynx. After the nasal cavity of the mouth, the cavity above the esophagus is the pharynx; the upper end of the proximal trachea in the laryngeal cavity is the larynx. The Pharynx, the Lord Tongli Water Valley, is the system of the stomach, and the passage of stomach qi. The throat is empty, and the main breath goes in and out of the breath, which is the system of the lungs, and the passage of the lung qi. Many meridians in the human body are circulated to the throat, so throat diseases can be related to some internal organs and meridian lesions, and are more closely related to the lungs and stomach.
Chinese name
throat
Concept 1
Throat, including pharynx, upper esophagus, larynx
definition
Organs that eat, breathe, and make sounds
Concept 2
The part of the front upper part of the neck immediately adjacent to the cheek
mechanism
Passage of digestion and breathing
Diseases associated with the throat
1. Sore throat: can not spit and eat, this is the ground gas occlusion, is a virtual fire. Su Zi Li throat soup plus thorn mustard times orange stem, Xuan Sansan Lord, blow pearl scatter. The pharynx is the upper end of the gastric tube, the larynx is the upper end of the lung tube, and the second tube of the throat is the main way for the human body to breathe and eat, and its pain should be separated from the virtual. The so-called virtual person is also the fire of the dragon thunder under jiaojiao; the evil of the six adulterous people is also the evil of the six fornications, and the empirical evidence is easy to cure, while the false evidence is difficult to cure. Most of the throat pain of the guests of the wind and heat, originally belonged to the disease of the lungs and stomach, red and swollen on both sides, commonly known as the throat moth, when the service shoots dry, mountain bean root, burdock seed, ma bo, heavenly insect, cicada coat, golden olive, mint, mountain gardenia, forsythia, skullcap medicine, immediately visible pine. If the throat moth is high and swollen, and the diet cannot be lowered, it is advisable to use medicines such as xihuang, ice flakes, and qingdai to blow it, and can use silver needles to puncture the swelling, so that the poisonous blood goes out, and the pain and swelling disappear by itself. Western medicine refers to the swelling and pain on both sides of the throat as tonsillosis, that is, laryngeal moths. If the throat is swollen and sore and there is white rot, the ancient call is rotten throat, Western medicine called diphtheria, which is caused by external wind and heat, or Yangming wet fire steaming, which is more dangerous than the previous disease. When using rhinoceros horn, honeysuckle, gypsum, Chuanlian, human yellow, fresh large green leaves and other medicines, add the aforementioned ejaculation and other flavors to treat. If you feel the wind cold, the evil of autumn dryness and sore throat, its throat redness and swelling is not obvious, only dry pain, or cough cold, when using almonds, su leaves, mint, fat sea, mulberry leaves and the like. However, if the dry fire enters the lungs for pain, it is still advisable to cure it with a light and cooling solution. As for the yin deficiency fire floating, sore throat, the place is red but not swollen, it is advisable to throw American ginseng, wheat dong, xuan ginseng, mulberry leaves, shoot dry, mountain bean root, golden fruit olive, raw land, Ma Bo, black mountain gardenia and so on. There is also a throat paralysis on the yin fire, which is not red or swollen on both sides, but there are purple tendons, always dry and painful, when swallowing water and drinking, the pain is unbearable, this is a big loss of kidney water, the lung yin will be exhausted, the fire of dragon thunder, the rise and fall, there is no good medicine to be done, it is reluctant to nourish the yin to lower the fire, ignite the fire back to the source, in case of its in case, it is advisable to enter the heavenly wheat winter, American ginseng, cordyceps, light autumn stone, turtle board, oysters, raw land, pig skin, Huoshan dendrobium, swallow root and the like, participate in the cinnamon three points, rice pills the same. If you see hemoptysis, hoarseness, cough and other symptoms, it is more difficult to treat. This distinction between the virtual and the real, and the difference between the two sides, cannot be inadvertently discerned.
2. Laryngitis: Laryngitis is one of the common diseases in the throat disease, which can occur in a variety of external sensations and throat diseases. This disease belongs to the category of "laryngeal paralysis" and "milk moth" in Chinese medicine. Laryngeal paralysis first appeared in the Inner Classic, and the Suqin Yin-Yang Treatise says: "A yin and a yang knot are called laryngeal paralysis." "In "Three Factors", it is also called "laryngeal closure". Paralysis, occlusion can not, generally refers to the accumulation of evil poisons, qi stagnation, blood stasis, paralyzed throat, redness, swelling and pain of the throat disease. It is one of the common and frequent clinical conditions.
Professor Luo Quan believes that the etiology of laryngitis is: the throat belongs to the lungs and stomach, the pharynx is connected to the esophagus and passes through the stomach, and the larynx is connected to the trachea and passes through the lungs. New diseases are mostly caused by wind and fever in the lungs, hot evil smoke burning lung system, or because of excessive spicy frying, causing the stomach to be steamed on the fire, the jin liquid is burned, the frying is sputum, and the phlegm is contained in the fire, which can cause sore throat. Long-term illness is mostly due to dry lungs, qi and yin loss, yin fluid can not run the throat, false fire inflammation, burning in the throat, is the key to causing sore throat.
3. Acute laryngitis: acute pharyngitis is an acute inflammation of the mucous membrane and submucosal tissues of the pharynx, the clinical manifestations are mainly dry pharyngeal pain, which can be accompanied by fever and cold, nasal itching and sneezing, and can also be combined with high fever, dry mouth, sloppy stool knots and other evidence of hot and strong, check throat redness, moss thin white or thin yellow, pulse float or slip number. Acute laryngitis usually refers to acute inflammatory lesions of the mucous membrane and vocal cords of the throat, often coexisting with acute pharyngitis, the main symptoms in addition to hoarseness, there are other manifestations of throat disease, due to wind and heat evil invasion, leading to heat in the lungs and stomach and wind fever evidence. Yu believes that acute pharyngitis is equivalent to the "wind and heat laryngeal paralysis" of Chinese medicine, and acute laryngitis is similar to the "acute throat" of Chinese medicine, the two not only often coexist at the same time, but also have similar diseases, mostly caused by the invasion of wind and heat evil poisons, wind and heat (fire) fighting, and agglomeration of throats. Because "the pharynx of the pharynx, the main tongli water valley, for the stomach of the system" ("Heavy Building Jade Spoon"), "the throat should be weather, is the line of the lungs" ("Sores Complete Book"), so the throat inflammation and many pathological changes of the lungs and stomach fire. In this case, there is both sore throat and hoarseness, the sound is unfavorable, the disease is acute laryngitis, the evidence is wind and heat agglomeration, the lungs and stomach are full of fire, take Puji disinfectant drink as the main addition and subtraction, reuse skullcap, huanglian, forsythia, silver flower to detoxify the fire to cure the disease, use burdock seed, yuan ginseng, and banlan root to detoxify the pharynx to cure sore throat, use cicada clothes, orange stems, and fat sea to open the throat to cure hoarseness, and add red peony cold blood to disperse stasis, Gongying to clear the stomach fever, citrus fruit laxative fire, specimens are taken into account, and the throat is treated together, so the effect is obvious.
Symptoms of throat disease are differentiated
Common symptoms of throat disease are dry and itchy throat, sore throat, throat infarction, voice changes, throat redness and swelling, throat rot, and difficulty breathing. Clinically, according to the different conditions of each symptom, combined with the symptoms of both symptoms, it is distinguished to distinguish the internal organs and attributes of the lesions. The dialectics of the common symptoms of throat disease are described as follows:
Dry throat itch Dry, itchy, itchy, is a common symptom of throat disease, there are false and real. Empirical dry throat is mostly due to the heat of the lungs and stomach, or the wind and heat and evil poison. Deficiency of dry throat, mostly due to lung and kidney yin deficiency, insufficient fluid. Empirical calcination is mostly due to the burning of heat poison, and the hypothetical calcination is mostly due to the inflammation of the false fire. Most of the empirical itch is a wind evil or dry evil offender, and the itch of false evidence is mostly a yin deficiency and lung dryness. Clinical manifestations vary depending on their causative causes. (1) Dry calcination is burning, throat redness and swelling are worse, it is the lungs and stomach are hot, follow the menstrual inflammation, hot poison fumigation in the throat, burns and yin, (2) dry and itchy, throat color red, is the external invasion of wind and heat, the lungs have evidence of heat, commonly seen in the beginning of throat disease. (3) Dry but not boiling, throat flushing, pharyngeal discomfort or slight pain, is a chronic throat disease of kidney yin deficiency, false fire inflammation, and insufficient yin fluid. (4) Dry and itchy, flushed color, cough without sputum, is the lung yin deficiency, hypothermia endogenous, jin liquid without the above infusion of yin deficiency lung dryness evidence. (5) Itching but not burning, coughing, runny nose, mostly committed by wind and evil, see the throat is pale, uncomfortable, swallowing unfavorable, it is the evidence of wind chill. (6) The throat is dry and does not like to drink, mostly for the evidence of weakness and cold; dry and like to drink, mostly for the evil heat and injury, which is empirical and hot evidence. Wanting to drink, and not drinking much, is a sign of yin deficiency and lung dryness.
Sore throat is one of the main symptoms of throat disease, so inquiring about sore throat is an important method of dialectical treatment. Pain differentiation should be performed in conjunction with other clinical symptoms. (1) Pain is seen at the beginning of the disease, the throat is red and swollen, most of them are wind and heat evil and poisonous offenders, and the lungs have the evidence of heat. (2) The pain gradually intensifies, the redness and swelling worsen, mostly the evil heat is transmitted from the surface, and the spleen and stomach are full of poison. (3) The pain is severe, red and swollen and high-protrusions, the touch is hard, it is full of fire poison, burning the muscular membrane, tending to become pus; if the pain is alleviated, the touch is soft, there is a sense of fluctuation, and it has become pus. (4) The pain is mild, seen at the beginning of the disease, the throat is red and not swollen, most of them are cold and evil poisons, and the evidence of the external muscle surface is abandoned in the lungs and the external bundle muscles. The pain is mild, seen in long-term patients, the throat is slightly red and swollen, the twilight is heavy, and most of the lungs and kidneys are yin deficiency. If it is a lung yin deficiency, fluid depletion, hypothermia endogenous, and dry itching cough, weak speech; if it is kidney yin deficiency, false fire inflammation, and waist and knee mole, dizziness, dizziness, tinnitus. (5) The pain is heavier in the afternoon, and it is mostly evidence of yin deficiency. If the pain is heavier before noon, it is a sign of yang deficiency. (6) The ulcer pain is severe, which is to burn the muscle membrane of the spleen and stomach, and it is more common to see redness and swelling in the diseased area, and there is dirt. Ulcerated reddish, light pain, or pain when stimulated, is the evidence of spleen and kidney yang deficiency, if the pain is slight for a long time, swelling and pale color, most of the phlegm saliva wet and turbid condensation. If the swelling is dark red, it is mostly stasis of qi and blood.
The cause of the throat infarction is not the spleen and stomach fever, inflammation of the throat; fire poison is strong, rot muscle into carbuncles; lung and kidney yin deficiency, false fire inflammation; liver qi depression, qi and phlegm obstruction. The evidence is described below: (1) The feeling of blockage, unfavorable or difficult to swallow, the redness and swelling of the throat is severe, it is the evidence of the spleen and stomach heat poison, if it is blocked, it is difficult to swallow, the local redness and swelling of the throat are protruding, and it is the evidence of the fire poison knot, the steaming muscle membrane, and the flesh rotting into pus. (2) Foreign body sensation, choking unfavorable, swallowing as usual, slight pain, dry itching, slight redness, is for the lungs and kidneys yin deficiency, false fire inflammation. (3) There is a sense of obstruction in the larynx, coughing up, not hindering diet, aggravation when emotional fluctuations occur, and there is no abnormality in the throat examination, which is the evidence of liver qi depression and gas and phlegm obstruction. (4) Persistent obstruction in the larynx, dietary obstruction, no pain, or pain, sputum may have blood capillaries or blood, odor, there is a tumor during examination, most of which are tumors or cancers caused by qi and blood coagulation, sputum condensation or fire poison trapping. (5) The throat is swollen and pale, the texture is soft and not hard, the pain is mild or uncomfortable, hindering the diet, and it is a phlegm wetness that is injected with phlegm. (6) Throat obstruction, food retention during swallowing, unclear speech, or poor movement of the tongue, is caused by the evil condensation of cold and wet veins and blockage of meridians.
Sound changes The throat is an organ that produces sounds and language, and diseases in the throat can affect changes in the voice, from changes in sound, combined with other symptoms, to diagnose various diseases of the throat. (1) At the beginning of the hoarseness, the throat is red and swollen and painful, most of them are invaded by wind and heat evil poisons, and the lungs are evidenced by heat; if the hoarseness voice is heavy and unclear, the swallowing is difficult, the redness, swelling and pain are aggravated, which is the evidence of the heat and poison of the lungs and stomach; if the voice is not loud, the throat is red or not red, the throat is itchy, mostly the evidence of wind and cold evil poison violation, and the evidence of lung qi deficiency. (2) Hoarseness for a long time, the throat is slightly red, the mouth is dry and itchy, the feeling of choking, mostly for the lung and kidney yin deficiency, the evidence of false fire inflammation; if the voice is weak, the voice is hoarse for a long time, the throat is pale, the throat is dry and does not like to drink, most of it is the evidence of yang deficiency; if the vocal cords see polyps or small knots, causing voice changes, mostly for gas consumption and yin, stagnant blood stasis phlegm; if the vocal cords are not closed well, causing hoarseness, mostly due to lung and kidney qi deficiency, there is no way to agitate the glottis. (3) Low voice, seen in false evidence, and there is fatigue in speech, shortness of breath, dry throat itching cough, mostly lung temper deficiency; if the speech is short of breath, intermittent, dry throat, dizziness and tinnitus, etc., most of them are kidney qi deficit. (4) The voice is dull and turbid, the voice is blurred, the throat is red and swollen, and it is more common in the acute disease of wind and heat and poison, and the lungs and stomach are hot. If the language is difficult to come out, and there is a thick breath, the throat is like a saw, the throat is red and swollen, and most of the phlegm and saliva blockage airway are really hot and severe. If the language is astringent and the tongue is not flexible, it is a proof of loss of lungs and kidneys, insufficient qi and blood, and loss of muscles and veins. Cancers or tumors in the larynx also often cause difficulty in pronunciation, and tumors may be visible on examination. (5) Sudden loss of voice, or speech "shhh" does not hear the voice, but the sound of crying and laughing as usual, no red throat, no swelling, no pain, this is the injury of the seven emotions, the liver qi depression gas machine is not adjusted.
Throat redness and swelling Distinguishing throat redness and swelling is an important method for diagnosing throat diseases such as cold, heat, weakness, reality, surface and inside. Redness and swelling have a certain relationship with pain. Empirical and thermal evidence is more red and swollen, so the pain is severe; the redness and swelling of false evidence and cold evidence are light, so the pain is light; the swelling is not red, and the pain is generally mild. (1) Redness and swelling at the beginning, sore throat, mostly wind and heat evil poison outsiders, evil in the lung guard of the evidence; redness and swelling aggravated, severe pain, is the evil poison offender, lung and stomach heat poison is flourishing evidence; if the swelling rises at the beginning, the color is red, the pain is slight, mostly committed by wind chill. (2) Redness and swelling are mild or slightly red, the throat is slightly painful and uncomfortable, the twilight is heavy, most of the lungs and kidneys are yin deficiency; if it is not red and not swollen, the muscle membrane is pale, and the pain in the morning is heavy, which is mostly the evidence of yang deficiency. (3) Redness, swelling, high protrusion, severe pain, hard and solid, is for the carbuncle has not yet become pus; press soft, is already pus. (4) The swelling color is pale yellow and soft, not painful, mostly for the spleen loss of good luck, phlegm saliva wet and turbid phlegm wet evidence; if the swelling color is reddish, most of them are spleen heat evil, wet turbid evil heat condensation of damp heat evidence. (5) Sudden high swelling, dark red color, light swelling and pain of hematoma, is the evidence of blood accumulation heat, heat wound veins; the lump is smooth and hard, painless tumor, mostly the evidence of qi and blood condensation or phlegm condensation; if the red and red ulceration, the pain intensifies, mostly the evidence of fire poison knots.
There are many reasons for throat rot, including the invasion of wind and heat and evil poison, the steaming of the spleen and stomach, the erosion of the evil poison of the epidemic, the loss of qi and blood for a long time, the inflammation of false fire, and so on. According to different etiologies and different manifestations of decay, dialectical treatment is necessary. (1) The ulcer is superficial, and the surrounding color is red, which is the evidence of the invasion of wind and heat evil poison, causing the lungs to burn the muscle membrane through heat poison; if the ulcer is large, the surrounding redness, swelling and pain are the evidence of the spleen and stomach, and the fire poison is steamed on the muscle membrane. (2) Festering for a long time, the shallow surface is not deep, the surrounding color is reddish, most of which is the evidence of yin and fire; if it is rotten and depressed, the surface is filthy, and it is mostly the evidence of the loss of qi and blood and the evil poison. (3) Ulcerated red color, uneven bumps, uneven edges, pain in the affected area, dry throat and itchy cough, is the evidence of lung and kidney deficiency, lung dryness and withering. (4) The surface of the ulcerated surface of the mass is uneven, the texture of the touch is hard and painful or bleeding, the rot is smelly, the sewage often flows, it is the fire poison, the qi and blood are condensed, and the muscle rot is corrupt. (5) White rot is dotted or lumpy, loose and easy to wipe away is light, mostly produced by fiery evil poison burning muscle membranes; such as rotten substances are tough into pieces, not easy to peel off, strong peeling of bleeding, mostly for the evil of epidemic poison agglomeration, deep erosion of muscle membranes. Generally speaking, the yellow color of rot is mostly real heat evidence; the decay is dirty and stagnant, and most of it is a false evidence of the decay of qi and blood; if the rot is thick and thick, it is also wet and evil.
Dyspnea is a common symptom of severe throat disease and can lead to critical illness. Clinically, it is necessary to seriously carry out dialectics, analyze the causes, and make positive diagnosis and treatment in a timely manner so as not to delay the disease. (1) Throat redness and swelling pain, phlegm saliva is abundant, blocking the valve, phlegm sounding like a saw, soup water is difficult, this is fire poison blazing, vein stasis, refining into phlegm, blocking the airway. (2) The neck and jaw are swollen and itchy and painful, the swelling extends deep into the epiglottis and the deep throat, the breathing is difficult, the swallowing is difficult, and the teeth are strong, which is the evidence of the wind and fire fighting, phlegm and saliva fire poison gathering neck. (3) The teeth are tight, the mouth is gagged like a lock, the throat is tight, the breath is short, the eyes are stunned, the throat is not red or swollen, it is due to the cold and wet evil obstruction of the veins, the stagnation of qi and blood, and the obstruction of the tendons and veins. (4) Below the epiglottis, deep in the throat, the swelling is light, the valve is blocked, and the nose is incited to be short of breath, which is kidney yang deficiency, and the cold water stops in the throat. (5) There are also throat cancers, or foreign bodies entering the throat and airways, or diphtheria rot falling off, or laryngeal carbuncle pus overflowing, can cause airway obstruction and difficulty breathing, should be asked in detail and careful examination, as well as early detection of cancer and foreign bodies.
