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Author: Yi Sen is happy
The first hall of the ancient temple of the thousand-year-old Shenzhou, the seven giant Buddhas of Huaxia, is the supreme evaluation given by the world to the Fengguo Temple.
Yixian Fengguo Temple was originally named Xianxi Temple, the Jin Dynasty changed its name to Fengguo Temple, because there are seven big Buddhas in the Daxiong Treasure Hall, so it is also known as the Seven Buddhas Temple or the Big Buddha Temple. It is a royal monastery built by Emperor Yelü Longxu of the Liao Dynasty in the "family fiefdom" of his mother Empress Xiao (萧匫).
On September 24, 982 (the fourth year of Qianheng), Liaojingzong died of illness at jiaoshan palace in the west of Datong City. At this time, his twelve-year-old son Yelü Longxu succeeded to the throne for the Liao Shengzong, and the following year he changed the Yuan Dynasty to unification. In 983 (the first year of reunification), Xiao Yu was named "Empress Dowager Cheng", and as the empress dowager, she presided over the major affairs of the country, thus better assisting the rule of Emperor Shengzong of Liao.
In 1020 AD, Yelü Longxu began to build the Xianxi Temple in Guyi Prefecture (i.e., Yi County). Guyi Prefecture was the hometown of Empress Xiao, the mother of Yelü Longxu, and had an extremely important geographical role at that time, ruling over today's Jinzhou, Fuxin and other vast territories, and was the most convenient and developed transportation hub north of Bohai Beach, and it was also a necessary place for the Liao Dynasty emperors and ministers to worship the medical witch Lu Mountain. After the completion of the Xianxi Temple, it became a special temple for the imperial family and relatives of the imperial family to pay homage and pray for blessings. The temple is majestic and magnificent, showing royal grandeur and solemnity everywhere, and permeating the divine majesty of the Buddha's dojo.
According to the weather of The Ham hee Temple at that time, it was already a veritable royal temple and a Buddha dojo, but why was it not named after the domineering Bongkook Temple in the first place? Let's start with the seven great Buddhas enshrined in the temple. According to the Buddhist scriptures, the seven Buddhas offered by Xianxi Temple should be Vishnu Buddha, Corpse Abandoned Buddha, Vishnu Buddha, Detention Sun Buddha, Ganahani Buddha, Gaya Buddha, and Shakyamuni Buddha, respectively, the three Buddhas in the past solemn robbery and the four Buddhas in the present sage robbery, and become Buddhas successively over time.
Some scholars speculate that in the case of the five Buddhas of the Five Caves of Eviangang Tanyao showing the image of the Five Emperors of Wei, the Seven Buddhas of Xianxi Temple may be related to the seven emperors of the Liao Dynasty, including Taizu Abaoji, Taizong Deguang, Sejong Ruan, Mu Zongjing, Jing Zongxian, Shengzong Longxu, and the posthumous Emperor Of The Lingguo, Emperor Yelü Bei of Liaoyi.
Shakya Buddha is different from the other six Buddhas, with his face slightly facing to the west and his right hand spreading out to the west, as if to guide him. Other statues do not deal with this, and some experts speculate that they were created by the craftsmen of The Ham Hee Temple. The reporter believes that this statement is not scientific. As a royal temple, if there is no imperial authorization, how can a mere craftsman have the reason and courage to play freely on the statue of Buddha?
According to the world, the Liao Shengzong is called the reincarnation of Shakyamuni Buddha, so the statue of the last Saint Sect himself is a metaphor for the source of Buddhism, which is also reasonable. Shakyamuni Buddha, named Bodhisattva, the Dharma comes from the west, the world responds, the Buddha's light shines, a piece of light. I thought that this should be the origin of the name of the Temple of Xianxi Temple.
In 1125 AD, jin destroyed the Liao. The Jurchens, who believed in Buddhism, destroyed the Liao Dynasty palace on the occasion of the change of dynasties, but the Liaodi Buddhist Temple survived, and the Jin people continued the repair and restoration of the old brakes of the Liao Dynasty. Xianxi Temple, which was not finally completed in the Liao Dynasty, was completed and later renamed Fengguo Temple.
Speaking of the origin of Fengguo Temple, we have to talk about the last generation of The Xianxi Temple in the late Liao Dynasty, Master Qinghui.
The Liao Dynasty's reverence for Buddhism was famous in history, from the imperial family, to the Khitan nobles and government bureaucrats, down to the ordinary working people, and there were countless believers in Buddhism. In order to effectively administer Buddhism on such a scale, the rulers of the Liao Dynasty established a relatively complete system of monks and officials. The lay posts they held were mainly provincial officials, secretaries of state, and civil ranks.
Among them, the provincial officials under the door are mainly the servants, while the public secretaries are mostly awarded together with the Wensan rank. The secretaries of state were mainly Taishi, Taibao, Taiwei, Situ, Sikong, Taifu and Hongxusiqing. The head of the Xianxi Temple, Master Qinghui, was the "Special Jin Shou Tai Fu Tong Min Qinghui Master Jie Gong" of the official "Tejin", which is recorded in the inscription of the "Yizhou Dafengguo Temple Renewal two cave sage inscriptions".
The Qinghui master Jie Gong was highly respected in Jinshangjing, and was crowned as the Master of Buddha's Wisdom Protectorate and ascended to the throne of the Guoshi, thus changing his Xianxi Temple to Fengguo Temple. Although the original intention of the Liao Shengzong Temple was for the Seven Emperors of the Liao Dynasty and the empress dowager Xiao, but the wheels of history rolled, doomed to abandon the old and promote the new, when the Xianxi Temple entered the Fengguo Temple period, this royal Taoist place must be the Golden Kingdom.
It is not so much that Master Qinghui achieved the Fengguo Temple, but rather that the Xianxi Temple achieved a generation of state teachers in the supreme position of the Liao Dynasty. But no matter who is in power and how the dynasty changes, the temple will eventually be used by the royal family, and the Dharma will eventually be promoted by the emperor. Therefore, it is not difficult to understand why the queen concubines were deposed and had to enter the royal monastery to practice, because in other words, there was a royal dojo at all, but it was only changed from the palace gate to the bieyuan yu.
Fengguo Temple, this thousand-year-old temple, has an inseparable and close connection with the emperors and concubines of the past, its historical origins, profound heritage, dusty things, ready to come out, the reporter will reveal one by one for readers, please look forward to it.
Source: Walking Yi County
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