Raphael Sansi (28 March 1483 or 6 April 1483 – 6 April 1520) was a talented Italian painter and the youngest of the "Three Great Masters of the Renaissance". If da Vinci's work is full of wisdom and Michelangelo's work is full of power, then Raphael's work is full of feminine qualities: maternal love. Raphael's work represents the pinnacle of the Renaissance. His temperament is peaceful and gentle, and his virgin statue, warm and mellow, fully embodies the beauty of peace, elegance, harmony, symmetry and tranquility.
A. Young genius
Raphael was the youngest of the Italian "Post-Renaissance Masters". The famous French painter Delacroix said of Raphael: "He is a genius in the world of painting, like a torch in the blue sky, so fascinating. "He didn't have the contemplative erudition of Leonardo da Vinci, nor the majesty and strength of Michelangelo. Although he lived only thirty-seven years, he became the most prestigious painter of the Renaissance.
Before the age of twenty-five, he created a large number of statues of the Virgin Mary, and has been famous ever since. His gentle painting style led to the most admired aesthetic taste and artistic mood of that era. He created a "beautiful" style, a warm painting style, which was not only admired at that time, but also continued to influence the European painting scene for the next four hundred years, so it once became an unattainable model of classical painting in later generations. The early death of the young could not hide Raphael's brilliant achievements and dazzling light. His unique understanding of art enabled him to boldly explore his own new artistic path on the basis of his predecessors, and held high the banner of the Renaissance to expand his painting art to the supreme realm.
Second, stand out as an apprentice
In his early years, he entered the studio of Perugino, known as the "first great painter in the city of Perugia", to learn to paint. Raphael obsessively comprehended the charm of the teacher's works, and through the study of lines, light sources, colors, composition, and perspective, he quickly made it difficult for himself and the teacher's paintings to distinguish between true and false with his superhuman artistic understanding and superb imitation ability. Once, he painted a wood-paneled painting for the Church of San Francisco, showing the ascension of the Virgin, the coronation of the Virgin in the air by Jesus, and the twelve apostles admiring the glory of heaven. Because of the exquisite depiction of this work, many people mistakenly believe that it was written by the teacher Perugino. It can be seen that Raphael's talent is high!
Young Raphael
Third, the secular aristocracy
Raphael has a gentle personality and elegant temperament, unlike leonardo da Vinci's mysterious arrogance and Michelangelo's stubbornness and irritability, he is talented, good-looking, mellow, and sought after by the world, and is a popular star in Florence. He was an aristocrat of art, and although he died young, he still shone brightly. He had many disciples, who embraced him before and after, and his fame spread far and wide. Many of his works are said to have been ghostwritten by disciples, who then signed his name. This is also the reason why in his 37 years of life, there are so many famous works passed down.
The Virgin on the chair oil on board 71 cm Diameter Florence Pitti Palace Collection
From divinity to humanity
His gentle disposition determines the style of his work. The radiance of motherhood, the kindness of the Virgin, the charm of maternal love, are an important part of Raphael's art world, and Wu Lun is a kind motherhood, or a lovely angel, and also a god, nourishing Raphael's spiritual world and gently opening the door to heaven.
The Virgin of Frieño, 1511-1512, in the Vatican Gallery
Raphael's most successful image of the Virgin mary in the Sistine Is a hymn of the Virgin Mary that he composed with great devotion. The picture uses a stable pyramid composition. When the curtain opened, Pope Sistine II, dressed in gold, greeted the troubled Son Jesus, and the Holy Daughter Barbara looked down on her and showed her reverence and obedience to the Virgin and Child with great sincerity. At the bottom of the picture, two cute little angels lie in the clouds, looking at the Virgin With a puzzled face. The Virgin Mary, who came slowly from the clouds, held the young Jesus in her arms, with a dignified look, as if foreshadowing Jesus' ominous future.
The Virgin under Raphael's brush is full of human charm, both the mother of God and the mother of man, and the image is solemn and solemn, full of lofty human brilliance. In his short life, Raphael created nearly 40 images of the Virgin Mary, which was called "the painter of the Virgin" by later generations.
Sistine Madonna 265 × 196 cm in the collection of the State Gallery dresden
IV. The Magnificent "Academy of Athens"
Raphael was not yet 30 years old when he created the famous fresco "The Academy of Athens". This work was undoubtedly influenced by Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo. The symmetrical composition, as well as the strong focal perspective, are reminiscent of Leonardo da Vinci's fresco The Last Supper. This work uses an arched dome as a background and successfully uses perspective, which greatly enhances the three-dimensional and far-reaching sense of space. The picture takes the ancient Greek philosopher Plato held the Academy of Athens as the theme, breaks the boundaries of time and space, and puts cultural celebrities from different eras and representing the seven ancient free arts grammar, rhetoric, logic, mathematics, geometry, music, astronomy and other different disciplines in the same picture, pinning Raphael's yearning for the golden age of history, expressing the worship of the Greek spirit, and the concentrated praise for the pursuit of wisdom and truth.
The far-reaching perspective, the tall hall, the enthusiastic crowd, the whole painting is magnificent and the scene is grand. The 57 historical figures in the painting are vividly portrayed and vividly. At the center is Plato and Aristotle in a debate. There were philosopher Socrates, mathematician Pythagoras, grammar master Epicurus, geometrist Euclid, etc., who spoke on the spot and debated endlessly. Different ideas, different scholarships, different achievements come together, "The Academy of Athens" is a concentrated preaching of human wisdom, Raphael's superb artistic charm, beyond the achievements of his predecessors, has become a great classic in the world's fine art works.
This work is in the collection of the Vatican Palais in St. Peter's Basilica in Rome.
Academy of Athens
5. A large number of sketch drafts
After Raphael's death, all his manuscripts and paintings were collected, especially his large number of sketches, which were revered by later generations as a model for learning traditional arts. His paintings embody the spirit of humanism and become an insurmountable peak of classicism and academicism. For thousands of years, Raphael, a brilliant artistic superstar, with its irreplaceable light, has illuminated the forward journey of people's reverence for art.
Sketch of the Virgin
6. Died young
In 1520, raphael was 37 years old, and on April 6, good friday, he had a high fever due to excessive indulgence with Margaret, and the doctor thought that he was suffering from wind and cold, and misdiagnosed him and caused his sudden death. Later generations have speculated about the cause of his death, most likely that he used "mercury and lead" materials for a long time, coupled with excessive work, and suffered from depression, unfortunately died young.
In his short life, Raphael tirelessly depicted motherhood, promoted the glory of humanity with his unparalleled love, praised the dedication of Jesus, and finally went to heaven on the day of the Passion of the Lord.
Our Lady of Alba
Raphael boutique appreciation
Ravena Lena
Raphael sketches for women with babies in their arms
St. Michael defeats the devil
The Triumph of Galatia, 1512-1514, in the collection of Rome, Italy
The Girl in the Scarf, Florence, Collection of the Pitti Gallery
Count baldassale
Our Lady in the Garden
Wedding of Santa Maria
Christ Transfiguration
Santa Cecilia
Judgment of the Eucharist
Virgin and Child and St. John the Baptist
The Corpus Corpus 1509-1510, in the signature hall of the Vatican Palace
Ezekiel's vision
St. Catherine of Alexandria, 1507–1508, in the collection of the National Gallery
Our Lady of Terranova
The blessing of Christ Jesus
poetry
Baptism of the Desert of St. John in the collection of the Florence Uffizi Gallery
Holy Family
Theological virtues
Pope Leo X with two cardinals
The Deposition, 1507, in the Bergis Gallery in Rome, Italy