Text/Comrade Guevara
The decline of the Ming Dynasty began with the "Change of Tumu Fort" in the fourteenth year (1449) of the ming Dynasty. In this rout, the ming dynasty's most elite 300,000 troops were slaughtered, and Yingzong himself was captured, which can be described as extremely painful. After the incident, Bingbu Shangshu Yuqian, out of consideration for the safety of the country, joined forces with hundreds of officials to play a song to Empress Sun and requested that Emperor Yingzong's half-brother Zhu Qiyu be made emperor, and was approved. In September of the first year of Jingtai (1449), Zhu Qiyu officially ascended the throne and was known as emperor Jingjing of Ming.
Emperor Ming was captured during the "Change of Tumu Fort"
After Emperor Jing ascended the throne, at the insistence of Empress Sun, he reluctantly retained the throne of his nephew Zhu Jianshen, but in his heart he always wanted to make his only son Zhu Jianji the crown prince. The following year, Emperor Mingying returned to Beijing with the help of his envoy Yang Shan, and Emperor Jing, unwilling to return the throne to his brother or bear the insult of killing his brother, honored him as Emperor Taishang and imprisoned him in Nannei. Two years later ( 1452 ) , Emperor Jing , believing that the throne had been secured , issued an edict deposing Zhu Mishen and making Zhu Miji crown prince instead.
Emperor Jing went to such great lengths that he wanted to pass the throne to his descendants, but unfortunately people were not as good as heaven, and Zhu Jianji was only a prince for 1 year, and then he suddenly fell seriously ill and died, and he was only 6 years old at the age of 6, when he was in November of the fourth year of Jingtai (1453). Zhu Jianji's premature death made all the efforts made by Emperor Jing's previous efforts useless, and he suffered a heavy blow, and his physical and mental condition deteriorated day by day. By the beginning of the eighth year of Jingtai (1457), emperor Mingjing was already seriously ill in bed, and it was not far from the limit period.
Stills of Emperor Zhu Qiyu of the Ming Dynasty
Since Zhu Jianji's death, Emperor Jing has not been crowned crown prince, and once the palace car is driven, there is bound to be a chaotic situation in which there is no master in the world. It was precisely because of this concern that The Soldier Shangshu Yu Qian, the Official Shangshu Wang Zhi, the Rebbe Shangshu Hu Qi, and others deliberated and deliberated, and finally decided to jointly play to the emperor and request that Zhu Mishen be reappointed as crown prince. Since the recital was not drawn up until the evening, the crowd decided to re-enter the palace early tomorrow morning to play, but what they never expected was that the famous "change of the door" occurred late that night.
Originally, the crown prince Shi Heng was at odds with Yu Qian, fearing that once Emperor Jing died, Yu Qian would support the members of the imperial family he preferred to take the throne. At that time, Yu Qian's power will be greater, and he himself will most likely become the target of eradication. Because of this, Shi Heng, for the purpose of "pre-emptive attack", colluded with Zhang Xuan, the right governor of the former capital, Cao Jixiang, the eunuch Cao Jixiang, the left deputy capital, Xu Youzhen, and others, and after obtaining the consent of Empress Sun, decided to support the restoration of Emperor Yingzong of Ming. Coincidentally, the day when Shi Heng and the others decided to start an incident was actually synchronized with the time when Yu Qian and others planned to play the song.
Zhu Qizhen was finally restored after 8 years of seclusion
Late at night on the sixteenth day of the first month, according to the agreed time, Shi Heng, Xu Youzhen and others led their cronies to kill Ben Nannei, knocked open the palace gate with a huge log and rescued Yingzong, and then quickly rushed to the Fengtian Gate and helped him to the dragon chair. Immediately afterward, Shi Heng ordered people to ring bells and drums and urgently summoned the group of courtiers to hold an early dynasty. After the ministers gathered at the Fengtian Temple, Cao Jixiang and Xu Youzhen commanded the soldiers to show their swords and threaten the courtiers to bow to Ming Yingzong. At this point, Emperor Mingyingzong, who had been imprisoned in Nannei for 8 years, was restored (for details, see Ming Shi, Vol. XII).
When the loud bells and drums reached the mingjing emperor's palace, the emperor, who had previously fallen into a coma, suddenly woke up and quickly asked the attendants around him: "Is it Yu Qian who has usurped the throne?" After receiving the news, an attendant told him: "It is not Yu Shaobao, but the restoration of the Emperor Taishang." After Emperor Jing listened, he was first shocked, and then said with a bitter smile: "It turned out that my brother became the emperor, good!" After saying this, Emperor Mingjing fell into a coma again.
The drums and bells sounded, and the courtiers and officials entered the congratulations. Emperor Jing heard the bells and drums and asked The Left and Right Clouds, "Yu Qianye?" Left and right: "Emperor Taishang." Emperor Jing said, "Brother do, good!" "The Restoration" (written by Yang Xuan, a Ming Dynasty man).
Yu Qian was loyal to the country, but was eventually killed
After the restoration of Emperor Mingyingzong, he re-established his wife Qian Shi as empress, and Zhu Jianshen as the crown prince, and rewarded the meritorious people with a large number of awards. Among them, Shi Heng was promoted to the title of Duke of Zhongguo, Xu Youzhen was promoted to the first assistant of the cabinet, Zhang Yijin was made Marquis of Taiping, and Cao Jixiang was promoted to the eunuch of Bingbi, the superintendent of ceremonies. Subsequently, Emperor Mingying listened to the rumors of Shi Heng and Xu Youzhen, and ordered the execution of Shangshu Yuqian and Wang Wen, a scholar of the bingbu, without their property, and exiled the officials recommended by the two men. After the news came out, the people of the country were all sad and indignant.
After the restoration of Emperor Mingyingzong, he was busy every day to eliminate dissidents and reward meritorious heroes, but forgot one great thing: Emperor Jing was still lying on his sickbed but not dead, and he was still a righteous emperor, so that there were two emperors in Beijing. Emperor Yingzong was considered to be "big" at this point, because without adjusting his brother's identity, he restored himself as emperor, which was usurpation in the eyes of the people of the world.
Stills of Ming Yingzong Zhu Qizhen
On the first day of February of that year, the angry emperor Ming Yingzong officially issued an edict, declaring that emperor Ming Jingdi had been deposed as the king of Mingjing and moved to Live in Xi Nei. 19 days later, when Emperor Mingyingzong learned that his brother was in good health and showing signs of recovery, he immediately ordered the eunuch Jiang An and others to move to Xi'nei, hang Emperor Jing in front of the sickbed, and then declare that he had died. When Emperor Mingjing was killed, he was only 30 years old ("On the ninth day of the tenth month, the king of Qi had recovered from his illness.) The eunuch Jiang Anxi ordered to strangle the king with a bow and repay the king. See Book VIII of Sin).
Historical sources: "History of the Ming Dynasty", "Record of Crimes"