Then our "Explanation of Characters in Speaking" course, this lesson talks about a Chinese character in the "Speech" department: "Discussion". In modern Chinese, "discussion" is simplified to "discussion", "discussion" is a common word in modern Chinese, which is included in the "List of Common Words in Modern Chinese" promulgated by the State Language Commission in 1988, so "discussion" is a key Chinese character and should be memorized strongly. Details are as follows:
Discuss (discuss). Read tǎo. The explanation given in the Shuowen Jiezi is: "Discuss, govern." From words, from inches. "Can mean words. The original meaning is governance; Regarding how to meet the meaning, each family has different explanations, but because the glyph evolution of "discussion" has not changed much, there is basically no debate about whether "discussion" is a meaning word.
(The evolution of glyphs in Li Xueqin's "Etymology")
Xu Kai's "Biography of the Shuowen System": "From words, inches." Zhu Yun: "Inch, Faye." Obey the words, so follow the words, this will also be intentional. Inch, "Explanation of Words": "Inch, very also." The human hand is an inch of artery called an inch of mouth. From righteousness one. It is a referential word, referring to the "inch mouth" used by the doctor to diagnose the pulse, and later extended to the distance from the palm of the hand to the "inch mouth", that is, "ten", that is, an "inch". In terms of glyphs, reaching out and speaking have the meaning of "governing and rectifying", so this statement makes sense; Yang Shuda's "Glyphology": "Inches are hands, and those who govern things do not use words to use their hands." "It also makes sense. Duan Yujue's "Commentary on the Interpretation of The Text": "Send its entanglements and rule the discussion." "Troublemaker, chaos also." Cure the chaos, and cure the chaos. "The people have a mouth (speech), the crowd stretches out their hands (inches), that is, there is no order, chaos, governance "begging", it is called "begging", just like governing chaos, rectifying chaos, this explanation also makes sense.
(Remediation)
"The Twelfth Year of Zuo Chuan Xuangong": "His king does not seek the people of the country every day and disciplines him, it is not easy for the people's livelihood, there is no day for disaster, and he must not slack off fear." Du pre-noted: "Discuss, cure also." "Not a day did the monarch of the Chu state govern the people of the country in the following ways: it was not easy to teach the people that their livelihood was not easy, disasters would come one day, and vigilance could not be relaxed.
In addition to the original meaning, there are many uses of "bargaining":
(1) Research, discussion. For example: discussion. The Analects of the Constitution: "For the sake of fate, The Creation of the Grass, the Discussion of the Uncle of the World, the Modification of the Pedestrian Zi Yu, and the Polishing of the Dongli Zi Production." He Yan's "Analects of the Analects" quoted Ma Rongyue: "Discuss, rule also." Zhu Xi's "Four Books, Chapters and Sentences Collection Notes": "Discuss, seek and investigate." He Yan's "governance" here refers to the "governance" of "governance", which is different from the "governance" of "rectification" above. The creation of Zheng Guo's diplomatic rhetoric, the draft of The Book of Qi, the discussion of Uncle Shi to put forward opinions, the revision of the diplomat Zi Yu, and the processing of the composition of the essay by the son. ”
(Discussion)
(2) Seek; find. Jin Dynasty Lu Ji "Wen Fu": "Either because the branches vibrate the leaves, or along the waves and seek the source." "Sometimes [tracing things, looking at images] it's like vibrating leaves by branches (shaking), sometimes it's like finding a source of water along a wave of water. Later, "along the waves to discuss the source" developed into an idiom, which means to find the source along the current, metaphorically delving into the end of things. Here, "begging" means to seek. In addition, the "begging" in the idiom "self-begging" is also the meaning of seeking and finding.
(3) Denunciation; public condemnation. "Jade Chapters and Speech Departments": "Lawsuit, Jie ye." "Zuo Chuan Xianggong Eight Years": "Now Chu came to ask: 'Why is the woman called a soldier in Cai?'" Now chu guo came to denounce it, saying, 'Why are you using troops against Cai Guo?' The word "crusade" here can easily be translated as "crusade", in fact, just denunciation.
(Denunciation)
(4) Crusade; murder; punishment. "Class Chapters and SpeechEs": "Beg, kill also." "Shu Gao Tao Mo": "Heaven is guilty, five punishments and five uses." "Heaven punishes the guilty, and punishes the five with five punishments of ink, sword, sword, palace, and great pu. Cao Cao's "Artemisia Li Xing": "There are righteous soldiers in the Kanto region, and they are fighting for the masses." ”
(5) Seeking; asking. For example, debt collection; begging. "Class Chapters and Sayings": "Ask for it, ask for it." Lu Xun's "Scream and Dragon Boat Festival": "He has never collected a debt from Ren yun." ”
(begging)
(6) Provoke, such as: nasty; likable. "Dream of the Red Chamber" ninety-third time: "Because it is too true, everyone does not like it, and it is annoying." ”
(Likable kitten)
(7) Marry. For example: beg for a wife. "Ancient and Modern Novels, Kapok An Zheng Huchen Revenge": "My family's xianggong wants to ask for a side room." ”
(8) Subtract. "Etiquette and Ritual Instruments": "A gentleman is also a gentleman who acts straightly, kills with a song, waits for the scriptures, and pleases with the order." Zheng Xuan's note: "Please, jude also." It is said that if the Son of Heaven is twelve, the Duke is nine, the Hou Bo is seven, and the Son is five. Kong Yingda Shuo: "It is said that the Son of Heaven is supreme, every twelve is a festival, and from then on, the difference between the two sides is reduced, and the gongjiu, Hou Bo seven, and the zi male five, and the order is also slightly gone." "When a gentleman performs specific rituals, sometimes he allows his feelings to be undisguised, sometimes his emotions obey reason (temperance), sometimes he does not distinguish between nobles and lows, the same as the top and bottom, and sometimes he decreases the number of rituals in order.
The small seal of "discussion" is written as shown in the following figure:
(Small seal writing)
(473 of [Explanation of Words], some of the pictures originate from the Internet, and the copyright belongs to the original copyright owner)