In history, the emperor's name and temple number are the same, and Li Renxiao, the Emperor of Western Xia, with the emperor's style evaluation, is the well-deserved lord of the Western Xia Zhongxing, which is completely worthy of the temple number of "Ren".
During his reign, Li Renxiao exerted great efforts and unremitting efforts in domestic and foreign affairs to promote the economic prosperity of the Western Xia State, the national strength reached its peak, and the territory of the Western Xia was unprecedentedly vast, including present-day Ningxia, most of Gansu, northern Shaanxi, southwestern Inner Mongolia, northeastern Qinghai, part of Xinjiang, and part of the Mongolian People's Republic.
Map of the territory of the Western Xia in its heyday
From the perspective of a later generation, Li Renxiao (hereinafter referred to as Li Renxiao), the Western Xia emperor highly admired the culture of the Han Dynasty, and among the northern nomads, only the later Prince of the Yuan Dynasty, Bao'er, was only jin zhenjin.
Li Renxiao, who is half Han Chinese, was born of Han Chinese origin in the Cao clan and was revered as "Empress Dowager" after he succeeded to the throne at the age of 16. Li Renxiao had married two empresses, the first empress Dowager was fond of Han Li, and the second Empress Luo was directly from Han origin.
Empress Dowager Yi – Empress Dowager Xixia, good governance
The Yi clan, the Western Xia clan. After wisdom and knowledge, he loves to practice Chinese etiquette. Ren Xiaoxiao first accepted it, saw his sage, and established himself as the queen, and loved and respected it. - "Western Xia Shushi"
Empress Yi was from a large clan of dangxiang, received an excellent education from an early age, was knowledgeable, intelligent and virtuous, and devoted her life to helping Li Renxiao promote Confucianism. In the historical records, there is a deed of Empress Yi that has been passed down to this day, which can be called:
Once, when Li Renxiao went hunting on Mount Helan and was injured on the way because a horse lost its front hoof, he was about to pull the road builder out and cut him down in anger, and the food official Beside him, Ah Hua, advised: "Killing people only because of the mistake of a horse, and treating livestock as more valuable than human life, how can such an emperor make all the people submit?" Li Renxiao felt justified and calmed his anger.
Queen Of Blasphemy
Returning to the palace, she told this matter to Empress Yi, who praised the king's benevolence and benevolence, and rewarded the shang food official Ah Hua, and publicized it, so as to encourage the Minister of Culture and Military Affairs to be brave and outspoken. After the Ming Dynasty, they complemented each other, and when Empress Yi was in her 40s, she was seriously ill, and when she was dying, she also "gave her last words to the minister of courtesy and diligent administration of state affairs." ”
"Western Xia Shushi": The Yi clan favored the good government of the Western Xia, and was the empress dowager of the Western Xia, and the good government of Xia was no longer seen. Shame!
Empress Luo - Born in Han Chinese, she is a good Buddha
Empress Luo did two great things: one that has been passed down through the ages, and one that has become a mystery to this day.
She liked Buddhism, so she spent a lot of manpower, material and financial resources to copy and engrave all the Western Xia Scriptures. After organizing the translation of all the Great Tibetan Classics in the Western Xia language, the final translation of a total of 82 scriptures, 3579 volumes, later scholars found in the excavated cultural relics, many of the scriptures marked with the inscription of Empress Luo Luo, were organized and printed by Empress Wu Zetian of the Tang Dynasty, and the Huayan Jing was the essence of it.
This is not unrelated to Li Renxiao's respect for Buddhism and the worship of Tibetan Buddhist monks as national teachers.
After Li Cunxiao's death, Empress Luo's son succeeded to the throne as Emperor Hengzong of Xia and was promoted to Empress Dowager Luo. She did a big thing that "did not see the ancients before, and did not see the comers after": Li An, the king of Lianzhenyi County, launched a coup d'état, deposed her own son, and established another nephew as emperor, for reasons that are still a mystery.
Stills of Empress Luo in "The Mysterious Western Xia"
Five years after Li Renxiao succeeded to the throne, he ordered the establishment of schools in the states and counties under his rule, and the Establishment of primary schools in the Western Xia Imperial Palace to teach the descendants of the 7-15-year-old clan, Li Renxiao and the Yi clan often went to the teaching and guidance, this model was the first time in western Xia, similar to the Qing Dynasty's upper study. In the following year, imitating the Central Plains system, Taixue was established, Confucius was honored as Emperor Wenxuan, and ordered the construction of Confucius temples in various states and counties.
Talent is the foundation of the country's strength and prosperity, Li Renxiao imitated the Song Dynasty system, the implementation of the system of selecting officials by examination, this stage of the Western Xia domestic talent, such as the Han famous scholar Huo Daochong, the compilation of the "Xia Guo Genealogy" Luo Shichang, the compilation of "Fan Han Heshi Palm Pearl" Bone Le Maocai, just and righteous Jiao Jingyan, and so on, the Western Xia culture is therefore colorful, becoming a glorious stroke in the history books!
"Those who have the Middle Summer in the north must practice the Han Law, but they can last a long time." As the ruler of the minority regime in Western Xia, Li Renxiao soberly realized that Western Xia was surrounded by wolves on all sides, and it was impossible to be in a corner of peace, and if he did not advance, he would retreat, so he tried his best to absorb the advanced Han culture and the relatively perfect feudal state system, implement it in Western Xia, and vigorously promote it.
Xia Renzong Li Renxiao
Li Renxiao was injured by the horse's lost front hoof, and after careful consideration after careful consideration by the Shang Food Official Ah Hua, he later formulated the "New Law Order for the Revision of the Tiansheng Nian", which was divided into 20 chapters, with a total of 1460 articles, and made explicit provisions in criminal law, litigation, civil, marriage, economy, administration, etc. This is the most complete code of the Western Xia Dynasty, and has been called "a unique legal document of the Middle Ages" by foreign scholars.
The party has many aristocratic families, good luxury, and the gap between the rich and the poor in society is very large, Li Renxiao ordered the prohibition of luxury in order to save the state's financial expenditure, and after the death of the imperial court minister, he would also take the land under his name into the state and distribute it to the people for farming. "Agriculture-oriented" consolidated the feudal land ownership system, reduced land rent and taxes, and promoted the social development of Western Xia.
During Li Renxiao's reign, the Northern Song Dynasty moved south, the Liao state collapsed, and the land of Western Xia was completely encircled by the Jin state, and the diplomatic situation was grim. Li Renxiao chose to temporarily attach himself to the Jin Dynasty and pay tribute every year to create a stable development environment for the country. In the bilateral trade between Jinxia and Xia, the Western Xia people always exchanged jewelry for silk cotton, and the Jinguo believed that this was exchanging useless things for their useful things and closing trade. Li Renxiao responded appropriately, and immediately offered the "hundred head accounts" made by famous domestic artists to show sincerity, requested the resumption of trade, and obtained permission.
The way out of Western Xia is all under the control of the Jin Kingdom, and Li Renxiao can be humble and unassuming, get along with the Jin Kingdom in a friendly manner, and develop the Western Xia National Strength to the peak! Compared with the Southern Song Dynasty court, it is more dignified to live a more dignified life.
Rulers must not only focus on their position on the top, but also have the ability to match their status so that the country can prosper.
Entering the history of Western Xia, Dang Xiangqiang started from the Songpan Plateau in Sichuan, successively quelled the Huangchao peasant revolt, submitted to the Tang Dynasty song dynasty, occupied the Hexi Corridor, and Li Yuanhao officially called the emperor to establish the Western Xia, and stood on three feet with the Song Dynasty and the Liao State. Foreign relatives interfered in politics, the western Xia civil unrest, the rise of the Jin State, The ascension of Emperor Renzong, and the friendship with the Jin State for decades, vigorously developed the domestic economy and culture, and reached its peak. With the rise of Mongolia, Western Xia became a training ground...
If you want to know more about the rise and fall of the mysterious Western Xia, open this "Brief History of the Western Xia", a mysterious steppe empire carrying many unsolved mysteries, this nation is not iron-blooded, but brave and belligerent, in the ups and downs of the history of western Xia, it has also made the people on the border of the Central Plains afraid to avoid it.
Tang Taizong Li Shimin said: "If a husband uses copper as a mirror, he can wear a crown; with history as a mirror, he can know the rise and fall; and if he takes people as a mirror, he can see the gains and losses." "Understanding the roots of the rise and fall of history can be used as a lesson to avoid repeating the mistakes of the past, and there is still something worth learning from the world today, and knowledge will never be outdated."
Mang Mang recommends a set of books "History of the Northern Seychelles Empire Series: A Brief History of the Western Xia + A Brief History of the Khitan + A Brief History of the Xiongnu", three new historians and writers with humorous and humorous texts, with many exquisite illustrations, to take you to understand the history of the rise and fall of the three major empires in northern Sai! Created with a rigorous attitude of respecting historical facts, with chronology and specific characters as the main line, it comprehensively narrates the rise and decline of three powerful empires in history.
History of the Northern Empire: Western Xia Khitan Huns ¥79 Purchase
#Meet good books ## All come to read #, hot summer at home to read books, coinciding with the headline poetry shop Dragon Boat Festival activities, the original 119 yuan of "History of the Northern Empire" is now only 79 yuan, a lunch money. For those who are interested in this history, please click on the link above to buy and quickly collect good books!