For this female status, we generally criticize the Qing Dynasty's oppression of women is very heavy, such as making her a widow for a lifetime, and not allowing her to remarry. Or what if it starts with the doll kiss, what if the fiancé dies? She could not marry and had to remain widowed for life. From this aspect, I can see that the Ming and Qing dynasties did have more restrictions on women, and the status of women was indeed very low, which was very painful. Is the Han tang just high? We generally think that the female status of the Han and Tang Dynasties is relatively free, and the female status of the Han Tang is relatively high. For example, there was also a female emperor in the Tang Dynasty, and netizens said that this Tang Dynasty, you see this female status of others is high. Was the status of women in the Han Dynasty high? Crazy because of the female status of the Han Dynasty, well, because of the Han Dynasty. It allows women to change their prices, and it encourages women to remarry, but we ignore many questions, that is, when the ruler introduced these policies, was his purpose really to liberate women and improve the status of women? I'll take a look at it today.
The female status of the Han Dynasty The Han Dynasty We all know that he was a great unified dynasty created by Liu Bang and ruled China for more than 400 years. Therefore, this dynasty, when she was founded, her various systems were not established, for example, Emperor Wu of han once said to this great general Wei Qing: "The Han family was created and the four Yi invaded, And China did not change the system, and future generations could not, and they could not go out of their way to conquer the world." For this reason, those who had to work for the people, such as the future heirs Ru Shuo, were the traces of the invasion of Qin. ”
That is to say, when this Han Dynasty was first established, its various systems of the state were not perfect, and they were not established. Then you think that this marriage system did not exist, that is, relatively free at that time, but who belongs to this freedom? To the rulers or to the women? This is a problem, in the early years of the Han Dynasty, due to the withering of the people's livelihood, social production was greatly damaged, and this Han Dynasty monarch, who was mainly Liu Bang, began to recuperate with the people, lightly dispense with the people, and organize the demobilization of the army. In this regard, he is also practicing inaction in guiding ideology, that is, not interfering too much in the lives of ordinary people. But the biggest degree is the special shortage of labor, when Qin Shi Huang unified the six kingdoms, that is, 20 million people, and by the beginning of the Han Dynasty, it was about 13 million. The population at that time was very sparse.
Above we talked about this recuperation, what is recuperation? In fact, it is the family planning policy of the Han Dynasty, but today we are restricting population growth and the Han Dynasty is encouraging the increase of population. How did he increase the population in the early years of the Han Dynasty? As soon as Liu Bang established the Han Dynasty, he encouraged all women who had reached the age of 15, or women whose husbands had died and did not remarry. Double-handed, that is, an adult pays taxes to the state. How much is that? That's 120 dollars. Then he would have to pay 240 yuan. Because at that time, this heavy metal was relatively small in circulation in the market, and there was more grain. This caused the burden on the peasants at that time to be very heavy. This policy was also useful to a certain extent for population increase at that time, that is, it was more useful. However, the intensity was still not very large, and from the time his son Liu Yingyi of Hanhui came to power, he felt that Liu Bang's policy of encouraging population growth was still not too strong, and then he ordered that all women over the age of 15 should be required. Those who do not marry or whose husbands die and do not remarry. Five times the tax increase, which is about 600 yuan, 600, for a peasant family, it is a very, very heavy burden, and then you think about what is finally caused in this very heavy situation, this agricultural production may go bankrupt, so at that time it was this farmer in his own girl. Before his own family with girls grew up, he began to find her a mother-in-law's family, and even sold to Haoqiang as a slave, for this woman, he was completely a fertility tool. Therefore, the status of women in the Han Dynasty is actually not high.
What about the Tang Dynasty? Even if the status of women in the Tang Dynasty was relatively free, for example, women were not satisfied with men, not very satisfied with their husbands, and could file for divorce, the Tang Dynasty people called this "release wife". However, the government did not stipulate that he had to remarry. This is relative to the Han Dynasty, and it is necessary to be a little more free. Because of the women of the Tang Dynasty, she still had a little right to choose. Of course, there were also some misfortunes, such as Yang Guifei, who was originally the daughter-in-law of Li Mao, the King of Shou, and was later occupied by her father-in-law Tang Xuanzong, which shows that women in the Tang Dynasty at that time also had no autonomy. His power is entirely in the hands of men.
What about the Ming and Qing dynasties? Especially the Qing Dynasty. The Qing Dynasty absolutely did not allow women to change it. It has to start from one end. This should start from these aspects.
After Qin Shi Huang unified the Six Kingdoms, an authoritarian centralized system was created. This system developed into the Qing Dynasty, especially during the Yongzheng Emperor's period when the Military Aircraft Department was established, and China's monarchical absolutist centralized system was strengthened to its peak. In fact, to put it bluntly, the emperor's power is highly concentrated in his own hands. In the past, during the Song Dynasty, the scholars still had a lot of power in their hands, but now the scholars have completely become the emperor's slaves. Doctors are all men, and men have no rights, so women must naturally have no power, not even the right to freedom like Han Tang. The right to remarry. This is first of all the strengthening of this political system that has created the miserable situation of women.
Second, China's economic development reached the Ming Dynasty, and the bud of capitalism appeared in the middle and late Ming Dynasty. The Qing Dynasty expanded in this regard, but capitalism was difficult to develop and grow due to its isolation. In this respect, capitalism is seriously hampered by the absolutist centralized system of monarchy. In terms of taxation, for example, the Kangxi Emperor restricted the tax on people. As soon as the Yongzheng Emperor came to power, he implemented the practice of dividing Ding into the mu of land, which was equivalent to abolishing the Ding tax on this person. There has been a big explosion in population growth. The rulers at the time saw in this regard that the pressure on the economy from population growth was very great. Restrictions on population growth in various areas began, but no clear regime was introduced. Therefore, suppressing the status of women in this regard does not allow her to remarry. Let him have to start from one end. Women's status is not only reduced, but also a complete loss of freedom.
In short, although the status of women in the Han and Tang Dynasties was relatively low, there were still some freedoms, such as the freedom to remarry, but the Qing Dynasty completely lost this freedom.