□ Xu Ying Li Chunyang
From March to October 2015, according to the unified deployment of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, the "Green Bud" special operation was carried out in the inspection and quarantine agencies across the country to crack down on the illegal carrying and mailing of plant seeds and seedlings into the country. The Shanghai Inspection and Quarantine Bureau attaches great importance to it, makes meticulous arrangements, and comprehensively attacks the major ports of travel and postal inspection, intercepting a large number of plant seeds, seedlings and other animal and plant products, and achieving remarkable results in customs control.
Small green buds, sea, land and air mail bloom together
The Shanghai Inspection and Quarantine Bureau has actively deployed and carried out the "Green Bud" operation at major ports of sea, land and air mail, with remarkable results. According to statistics, during the "Green Bud" operation, a total of 1546 batches of plant seeds and seedlings were intercepted at the Shanghai Travel Postal Inspection Port, including hundreds of batches of endangered plants such as Cactaceae and Euphorbiaceae. 1091 kinds of various pests were detected, including 10 kinds of quarantine pests such as wheat Indian smut fungus, of which fig cyst nematode and Baker's sword nematode were intercepted for the first time in the country.
Shanghai, as the country's largest entry-exit airport, has nearly 85,000 daily inbound and outbound passengers, and there are naturally many "secrets that cannot be said" in the suitcases it carries. According to statistics, during the "Green Bud" operation, the plant seedlings intercepted by the airport accounted for 64% of the total interception at the Shanghai Travel Postal Inspection Port. Due to the characteristics of easy hiding and easy inspection of carry-on items, many passengers are either driven by interests to knowingly commit crimes or are willing to take advantage of the fact that they carry prohibited items into the country. In May this year, during the inspection of the baggage of flights from South Korea, a large number of succulents, weighing up to 57.06 kilograms, were seized from the luggage of a Chinese passenger. It is understood that these succulents are bought from the Korean market and brought back to China for sale, the purchase price is about 60,000 yuan, once all sold to benefit a lot.
At Wusongkou Wharf, there are also hidden risks in the private baggage of sea containers. In August this year, when the staff opened the box of a group of Korean private luggage, they found a large number of live beetles in a cardboard box filled with kitchen debris, and several open wings wanted to fly out of the carton, and the staff immediately prepared insecticidal disinfection equipment and quickly implemented insecticidal disinfection treatment. It was later found that the cause of the beetle was the rupture of a bag of beans in the carton, and in the appropriate temperature and humidity environment, the eggs in the beans developed into adult worms, and these small beetles were identified as quarantine pests four-striped bean elephants.
Walking into the Shanghai International Mail Processing Center, in the middle of the mountains of parcels, it is another lively scene. Regardless of the cold winter and heat, there are always busy staff and quarantine dogs here, and the hard work of 365 days x 24 hours has been exchanged for good results. In April this year, Shanghai Postal Inspection intercepted a box of stone calamus seedlings from Japan and detected the quarantine pest xiphinemabakeri from it, which was the first time in a national port. Baker's sword nematode belongs to the poisonous species of sword nematode genus, is an important plant parasitic nematode, can parasitize plant roots, affect the growth of the root system, and even cause root enlargement or necrosis and other symptoms, Baker's sword nematode is also the transmission mediator of The Southern thaliana mosaic virus, which is extremely harmful, and the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine issued a warning notice on this.
While vigorously promoting the improvement and strengthening of port control capabilities, the Shanghai Bureau Food Center has successfully lifted the bloom of Shanghai's "green buds" in the past year by relying on a strong professional and technical level. Quarantine pests vermilion short-body nematode, Spanish root-knot nematode and Baker's sword nematode, northern root-knot nematode and fig cyst nematode were detected successively; stone garlic cotton mealymous was detected many times. The center's experts use special training, work teaching and other methods to guide the front-line inspectors at the port to learn the on-site quarantine and preliminary identification skills of common plant insects, viruses, diseases, nematodes and other harmful organisms.
Multiple measures should be taken at the same time to strictly control the first gate of the country
Strengthen the inspection of ports, and continuously deepen the comprehensive inspection mode of "people, machines and dogs". Produce the "X-ray Machine Interception Atlas", and enlarge the key atlas to post on the wall for reference at any time when inspecting, further improve the X-ray machine interception rate; revise the "Quarantine Dog Induction Assessment Rules", strengthen the targeted search and inspection training of plant seedlings for quarantine dogs, and improve the search and inspection ability of quarantine dogs for plant seedlings.
Establish a blacklist for inspection. Through the analysis of historical intercepted data, based on front-line work experience, passenger travel characteristics, species characteristics of various places and other information, further divide the scope of key supervision, screen out high-risk flights and key populations, tilt the quarantine force to key flights and key personnel, repeatedly intercept various plant reproductive materials in key flights, and detect quarantine harmful organisms many times.
Ensure that law enforcement is well documented and efficient. Relying on the food center laboratory, form a communication mechanism with the laboratory and other relevant testing departments, send samples for testing in a timely manner, carry out corresponding quarantine treatment and statistical work according to the test results, and repeatedly invite the center experts to conduct targeted lectures for the front-line personnel of the port travel postal inspection to ensure the scientific accuracy and timeliness of the law enforcement of the "Green Bud" action.
Improve the standardization of law enforcement. Systematically sort out the front-line operation instructions at ports, refine the work processes such as inspection, interception, storage, destruction, and punishment, and greatly improve the ability to standardize law enforcement. Through systematic learning, regular meeting training, case analysis, experience summary and other means, further standardize the law enforcement behavior of front-line inspection and quarantine personnel, and enhance the authority of inspection and quarantine law enforcement.
Increase hardware investment. Using the special budget for national biosecurity, in 2015, it was equipped with large-scale "national gate biological electronic advertising screens", glass display cabinets, special lockers for intercepted objects, refrigerated cabinets and other equipment for inspection, publicity and storage at travel and postal inspection ports, accumulating more than 400,000 yuan, which was applied to Shanghai's two major airports, two major cruise terminals, railway stations and international mail exchange centers. Continue to promote the standardized construction of animal and plant inspection at ports, equipped with microscopes, dissecting mirrors, operating tables and other inspection experimental equipment. At the end of the year, with the support of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, two CT inspection machines and 8 autoclaves were added, which greatly enhanced the efficiency of the Shanghai Port Travel and Postal Inspection Port.
Form a working synergy. Actively unite local agriculture and forestry, endangered areas, border inspection, customs, postal, airport, airline and other relevant departments to form a joint force for port law enforcement and control. As a member of the Shanghai Cites Law Enforcement Coordination Group, working closely with the members of the group, during the year, experts from the Shanghai Endangerment Office were invited to participate in the travel postal inspection legal training course held by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine in Nanjing; jointly with the Shanghai Municipal Forestry Bureau and the Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, jointly conducting research on plant species protection and identification, establishing a species database, and conducting software research and development; signing a long-term joint memorandum with "China Eastern Airlines"; establishing a monthly meeting system with Shanghai Airport Group, and cooperating with airport border inspection. Customs and other units have carried out joint construction work.
Attach importance to publicity and enhance social influence
Through traditional media such as newspapers, radio, and television, new media such as WeChat and Weibo, and various publicity means such as "entering the airport, entering the cabin, and entering the campus", the "Green Bud" action is informed to the public, and the public is guided to establish a sense of consciously protecting the biosecurity of the country.
Following the joint efforts with China Eastern Airlines in 2014 to send 360,000 copies of the "China Entry Inspection and Quarantine Instructions" to international flights, 400,000 additional copies were printed in 2015 to cover more routes and flights; at the two major airports in Shanghai Pudong and Hongqiao, Wusongkou Cruise Terminal, Shanghai-Kowloon Train and other travel inspection ports, make full use of the propaganda screens placed in the immigration hall, the TV screens near the inspection and quarantine inspection channels, and scroll through the laws and regulations related to passengers' belongings, the list of prohibited animal and plant products, and the "Green Bud" action publicity ppt and achievements On May 4, the "Green Bud" special activity day was held in the departure hall of Hongqiao Airport Terminal 1; on September 29, the "Guomen Biosecurity" activity was held to enter the campus and enter the Chongming Ecological Island East Gate Middle School. According to statistics, more than 100,000 copies of activity brochures were distributed during the year.
During the year, a total of 4 TV media campaigns were planned to publicize and educate the public on topics such as the mailing of succulents into the country. The program has been broadcast on CCTV News Channel, Shanghai Tv News Comprehensive Channel, Shanghai Oriental Satellite TV, Xinhua News Agency and other major media, and has been reprinted by a large number of domestic websites and print media. A series of WeChat reports such as "Today, "We" Are Hot" and "We" Intercepted Pests Shanghai National Inspection "Green Bud in Action" have been produced successively, analyzing the interception cases, instantly publicizing the results, and causing concern in the whole system and even the society.
On December 22, the press conference of the "Green Bud" special action sponsored by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, undertaken by the Shanghai Bureau, and co-organized by the Jiangsu and Zhejiang Inspection and Quarantine Bureaus was held at the Shanghai Museum of Natural History, which attracted 16 news media such as CCTV and Xinhua News Agency. At the same time, the "Green Bud Action - AQSIQ National Gate Biosecurity Publicity Exhibition" was also carried out at the Museum of Natural History, which vividly and comprehensively demonstrated the fruitful results of the special action in the form of physical objects, pictures and animations, which was generally welcomed by tourists and warmly responded. The Shanghai Bureau also signed a memorandum of cooperation with the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum, and in the future will open up a special venue in the Shanghai Museum of Natural History to jointly establish a long-term "Guomen Biosecurity Exhibition Hall" to facilitate the import of foreign animal specimens from the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum and the Shanghai Museum of Natural History, intercept the production and sharing of animal and plant specimens, and at the same time, award the Shanghai Museum of Natural History the "Guomen Biosecurity Publicity and Education Base" nameplate, and the Shanghai Natural History Museum as one of the Shanghai Guomen Biosecurity Publicity and Education Bases to display inspection and quarantine work to the public. Further enhance the influence of inspection and quarantine.
Shanghai "Green Bud" Action "Big Data"
During the "Green Bud" operation, a total of 1546 batches of plant seed seedlings and seedlings were intercepted at the Shanghai Travel Inspection Port, with a total of 3644.3 kg, of which 64% were intercepted by airport travel inspections, 20% were intercepted at postal ports, 15% were intercepted by private container inspection by sea, and a small number of interceptions were made from cruise inbound passenger inspections. The main source countries and regions of interception were Japan, South Korea, the United States, Australia, and other countries, as well as Europe and Southeast Asia, including plant seedlings, seeds with reproductive ability (such as tamarind, chia seeds, etc.), fruits (breadfruit fruits) and succulents. Species resources are very rich, including many endangered plants, postal port statistics alone involve 76 batches of endangered plants, a total of 444 plants, including cactus, Euphorbiaceae, air bromeliads and Nepenthes and other plants, mainly from Japan and Europe inbound mail.
Among the intercepted plant propagation materials, 1091 species of pests such as fungi, nematodes, insects and weed seeds were detected. Among them, there were 10 kinds of quarantine pests, namely fig cyst nematode, Baker's sword nematode, vermilion short body nematode, Spanish root knot nematode, northern root knot nematode, disabled short body nematode, puncture short body nematode, rotten stem nematode, false sorghum, wheat Indian smut fungus, etc. Fig cystic nematode and Baker's sword nematode were intercepted for the first time in China, and vermilion short-body nematode and Spanish root-knot nematode were intercepted for the first time at Shanghai port. In addition, stone garlic cotton powder mustard has been found several times in intercepted succulents.
Citizens visit the National Gate Biosecurity Exhibition
The endangered plant tortoise shell peony intercepted by inspection and quarantine personnel at the scene
Visit the "Green Bud Action - AQSIQ National Biosecurity Publicity Exhibition"
China Guomen Times