Ma Chao was a famous general of the Three Kingdoms and one of the heroes of the late Han Dynasty, who had divided Liangzhou and fought several major battles with Cao Cao, but was finally defeated, first surrendering to Zhang Lu and then to Liu Bei. More than two hundred members of Ma Chao's family were killed by Cao Cao, and Ma Chao hated Cao Cao to the bone, but why did Ma Chao call Cao Cao Meng De instead of Cao Cao a thief?
As we all know, Meng De is the word of Cao Cao, the ancients were famous, and when they reached adulthood, they took another word. Under normal circumstances, calling a person's name directly is very impolite, and the general salutation word, for example, Liu Bei, the word Xuande, if you call Liu Bei's name directly, is impolite, and the salutation word, Xuande, is a kind of courtesy.
When Ma Chao called Cao Cao, he called Meng De, the word for Cao Cao, but did not directly call his name Cao Cao, Cao Cao killed Ma Chao's entire family, there was a deep hatred, and Ma Chao did not call Cao Cao a thief. The Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms, Ma Chao's Biography records: He died in the second year, when he was forty-seven years old. Linwu Shangshu said: "More than two hundred mouths of the Emperor Of the Emperor Of the Emperor, who have been cursed by Meng De, have only been satisfied with his brother Dai, as the successor of the Wei Sect's blood, and have deeply praised His Majesty, and there is no more to say." ”
When Ma Chao was temporary, he told Liu Bei that more than two hundred people in my family had all been killed by Meng De, and only one from his brother Ma Dai was the blood and bones of our Ma family, and now I entrusted it to His Majesty, and there was nothing else to say.
Ma Chao's polite address to Cao Cao, the enemy who killed his entire family, was indeed puzzling, and he had already scolded him as a thief to show his anger and hatred.
And Sun Quan and Zhou Yu and others, calling Cao Cao is very relieved, how do they call Cao Cao?
Let's start with Zhou Yu, who calls Cao Cao a Han thief. The evidence is in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms Zhou Yu Biography: Yu Yue: "Not so. Although the name of the practice is Han Xiang, in fact, the Han thief is also. The general, with the heroic talent of the gods and martial artists, and the fierceness of his father and brother, divided Jiangdong, thousands of miles in the land, the soldiers were fully used, the heroes were happy, and Shangdang ran rampant in the world, removing the cruelty and defilement of the Han family. yourself to death, and you can meet the evil? ”
At that time, after Cao Cao led an army to pacify Jingzhou, he wanted to annex Sun Quan, and Sun Quan and the Qunchen consulted, and the Qunchen all advised Sun Quan to surrender to Cao Cao, saying that Cao Cao's power was strong and could not be fought against him. The "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" zhou yu biography records: Quan Yan saw the group and asked for advice. The speaker Xian Yue: Cao Gong Jackal Hu Ye, but the name of Han Xiang, blackmailed the Son of Heaven to conquer the four directions, moved to the imperial court as a word, today refused, things are even more unsmooth.
Zhou Yu said that although Cao Cao was nominally a Han court minister, he was actually a Han thief, and the general used his divine martial talents to divide Jiangdong, which had a large territory, and there were many soldiers, so now he should remove this chaotic thief for the Han room. Moreover, Cao Cao was now sent to death, so how could he surrender to him?
And Sun Quan also called Cao Cao the Old Thief. The evidence is in the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" Zhou Yu Biography: Quan Yue: "The old thief wants to abolish the Han and establish himself for a long time, and he is jealous of Eryuan, Lü Bu, Liu Biao, and Gu'er." Now the number of males has been destroyed, but the lonely still exist, and the lonely and the old thief are inseparable. The king's words are struck, and even the loneliness is united, and this day the king grants the lonely also. ”
At that time, Sun Quan said that the old thief wanted to depose the emperor of the Han Dynasty and become emperor for a long time, but he was jealous of Yuan Shao, Yuan Shu, Lü Bu, Liu Biao and me, and now they are all dead, only I am still there, I am not at odds with the old thief, you said that you should fight, the same as my idea, this is really God sent you to me!
Looking at Sun Quan and Zhou Yu, Cao Cao was scolded bitterly, and Ma Chao's whole family was killed by Cao Cao, and he politely called him Meng De, which made people feel deeply sad and deplorable for Ma Chao, perhaps Ma Chao did this in order to maintain the etiquette of his generations of princes, in order not to lose his identity!