Murong Hao: Murong Fu was the founder of the Yan state who died because of a rabbit
Text/Lao Zhang is on the road
In Jin Yong's "Eight Parts of the Heavenly Dragon", the Murong family is the bloodline of the Great Yan royal family after the "Five Hu Chaohua". Murong Bo took the revival of Great Yan as his great cause, and named his son Murong Fu, in order to remind his son to restore the kingdom and claim the title of emperor. Murong Fu devoted his life to the restoration of Great Yan, and for this reason, he did not hesitate to give up his children's love, disregarded the rules of the jianghu and the great righteousness of the country, and did bad things. It is a pity that the organs are still empty, not only will the great cause of restoring the country eventually become a mirror and a moon, but they will also fall into rebellion and go crazy after repeated setbacks. Murong Bo, under the enlightenment of the sweeping monks, took refuge in Buddhism and attained six pure roots.
Of course, this Murong Fu was fictional, but the Great Yan State that he never forgot did have its own state in history, not only the Yan State, but also more than one Yan State. During the Period of the Two Jin Dynasties and Sixteen Kingdoms, there were four regimes established by Murong Shi with Yan as the state name, namely Former Yan, Later Yan, Southern Yan, and Northern Yan.
There was also Western Yan (384-394), a regime established by Murong Hong after the fall of Former Yan, which historians called Western Yan and belonged to one of Murong's Yans. When Cui Hong wrote the Spring and Autumn of the Sixteen Kingdoms, he did not list the regime independently, and it was not within the 16 countries.
Among the four Yan states, Former Yan was the earliest established.
Murong Shi was a descendant of the Xianbei Donghu clan. Donghu is an ancient ethnic group that has been active in the northeast region of China since ancient times. There is a famous story in history: during the reign of King Yan Zhao, the general Qin Kai led an army to attack Eastern Hu, and Eastern Hu was defeated and retreated more than a thousand miles north.
The Donghu clan later developed into two tribes, Wuhuan and Xianbei, and the Murong clan belonged to the Xianbei clan. In 207, after Cao Cao pacified Wuhuan, the three counties of Liucheng in western Liaoning, Murong Xianbei's chieftain Mo Huba took the opportunity to lead his troops into western Liaoning.
In 238, when Sima Yi of Wei was attacking Gongsun Yuan, who had divided Liaodong, Mo Huba took the opportunity to participate in the campaign against Liaodong. The war ended with the extinction of the Gongsun clan, and after the destruction of the Gongsun clan in Liaodong, Mo Huba was made the Prince of Yiyi and settled in the north of the Great Thorn City.
After Mo Huba's death, after several generations of chiefs by his sons Mu Yan and Sun Shigui, murong Shu was later established as the leader.
Murong Xi was an accomplished politician, and after the rebellion of the Eight Kings of the Western Jin Dynasty, the Northern Wuhu rose up, and Murong Bu was also eager to move, Murong Xi, under the banner of "supporting the Jin Dynasty", fought with the Yuwen and Duan tribes of the Xianbei clan for a long time, and occupied the Liaodong generation, calling himself DaDan Yu.
In order to win the support of Murong Bu, the Western Jin Dynasty made Murong Shu the Duke of Liaodong and acquiesced to its occupation of Liaodong. In 333, Murong Xi died, and at this time the prototype of the Yan state had been established, and finally the state was established by the time of his son Murong Hui.
Murong Hao (慕容皝) (297 – October 25, 348), courtesy name Yuanzhen (元真), courtesy name Wannian (小字萬年), was a native of Changli Thorn City (present-day Yi County, Liaoning), a member of the Xianbei clan, the third son of Murong Hui, Duke of Liaodong in the Western Jin Dynasty, and the founder of Former Yan during the Sixteen Kingdoms period.
In the seventh year of the Western Jin Dynasty (297), Murong Hao was born to his mother Duan Shi. When Murong Xi was the Duke of Liaodong, he made Murong Hui his son.
Murong Hao was brave and resolute, strategic, advocating scripture and familiarity with astronomy. In the early years of Sima Rui's Jianwu (317) of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, he was awarded the title of Champion General and King of Zuoxian, and was given the title of Marquis of Wangping, leading the army in conquest and making many military achievements. In the last year of the Jin Dynasty Emperor Sima Shao Taining, he was awarded the title of General of Pingbei.
In the eighth year of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (333), Murong Xi died, which was already the reign of Sima Yan of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Murong Hao served as a general of Pingbei as the Assassin of Pingzhou and was in charge of the Ministry.
After Murong Hao succeeded to the throne, it took three years to quell the rebellion of his brother Murong Ren and reunite Murong's forces. In 337, Murong Hao officially established the state, proclaiming himself the King of Yan, known historically as Former Yan (still supporting the Jin imperial family at this time).
Murong Hao was not satisfied with dividing Liaodong, but was determined to chase after the Central Plains, and in order to remove the obstacles to the south, he defeated the "backyard" rivals Buyeo and Goguryeo successively, attacked Yuwenbu, and became the sole ruler of Liaodong and Western Liaoning.
During this period, Murong Hao repeatedly defeated Later Zhao, who was dominating the Central Plains at that time, especially the Battle of Zhicheng, which greatly frustrated the enemy's arrogance, so that the latter no longer dared to easily attack the north.
At the beginning of the war, the Later Zhao army pointed directly at Zhicheng, and Murong Hao saw the flags and tents outside the city, and was a little frightened and prepared to retreat.
The general Mu Yougen stopped him and said, "Zhao Qiang, if the Great King leaves, your accumulation over the years will be robbed by them, and the Zhao Congress will be even stronger, so what will you use to restore the country when the time comes?" We in Thorn City have enough grain and grass, we can completely hold on, how can we look at the wind and flee, is this not to destroy the country? ”
Feng Yi also said: "Shi Hu is extremely cruel, the people and gods are indignant, he is now pouring all his strength into the country, once he cannot fight a quick battle, there will be changes in the country, and our army only needs to hold out to wait for the opportunity to defeat Shi Hu." ”
With the encouragement of the generals, Murong Hao's confidence grew greatly, and he was determined to defend the thorn city to the death. More than ten days passed, Shi Hu did not attack Thorn City, but instead came from the country with the news that his sons were vying for power, so Shi Hu decided to withdraw his troops and return to China. Murong Hao's fourth son, the eighteen-year-old Murong Ke, led 2,000 elite soldiers to pursue and kill the Zhao army. The Zhao army was defenseless, and was beaten to the point of losing his armor and armor, and Murong Ke pursued him furiously, killing more than 30,000 Zhao troops and taking countless prisoners, and winning a complete victory.
In this battle, only the army led by Shi Hu's adopted son Shi Min (that is, Ran Min) in the Zhao army was intact, and in the Battle of Thorn City, Murong Ke and Ran Min became famous in one battle, and it was also the first time these two famous generals met on the battlefield, and they were destined to become lifelong opponents.
Murong Hao, who had eliminated internal and external troubles, began to actively carry out political, economic, and cultural reforms.
Murong Hao could be called a politician with great talent and a military figure who could attack and fight well. He constantly attacked the city and plundered the land and unified the north, not for the sake of a corner of peace, but for the purpose of entering the Central Plains and seeking hegemony.
Murong Hao paid attention to nongsang and developed the economy, and ordered all immigrants and displaced people to practice tun tian, and the state issued them to cultivating cattle, encouraging the peasants to cultivate the fields, and lightly allocating small gifts, so that the peasants could rest and recuperate. In addition, he expanded the "Dong Ku" (a school located in the old palace in the east) established by his father during his lifetime, encouraging the children of the princes and ministers to study and recruit them on the basis of merit. In just over a decade, Qianyan's economy has developed by leaps and bounds. In the Yan kingdom, there was a situation of political clarity, economic prosperity, military strength, and the people living and working in peace and contentment.
On the eve of Murong Hao's active planning to attack Zhao from the south, in September of the fourth year (348) of the Eastern Jin Dynasty,Sima Yonghe (348), Murong Hao was hunting on the western frontier, and he saw a white rabbit, galloping his horse to shoot arrows, and the horse fell and was injured. Murong Hao returned to the palace in a chariot and summoned Murong Jun and others to entrust him with the aftermath, and soon Murong Hao died, reigning for a total of fifteen years, at the age of fifty-two, and was known as the King of Civilization. His son Murong Jun (慕容俊) was proclaimed empress dowager, and he posthumously honored Murong Hao as emperor of civilization with the temple title Taizu (太祖).
(The picture in this article is a network information)