The Taliban have extended invitations to neighboring countries such as Russia, China, Iran, India, and Pakistan to attend the September 11 government oath-taking ceremony, but Russia's precondition for attendance is that an inclusive government has not been fulfilled.
Russian experts believe that the Taliban can boast of military success, but what about the economy? The new government they are trying to form in Afghanistan faces a daunting challenge of saving the country from multiple crises.
Currently, the Taliban regime faces foreign exchange shortages, a coronavirus pandemic, security concerns, and the elimination of Western subsidies that could lead directly to a humanitarian catastrophe that could lead to the collapse of the country.
Get out of the political crisis
Immediately after the seizure of Kabul, Taliban militants announced that the country would be run by a new inclusive government that would include representatives of different strata.
At present, the Taliban have occupied only large cities such as Kabul, but not all of Afghanistan.
The new cabinet was preceded by clashes with militias in Panjhir governorate, where residents opposed the forces of the militants and resisted in an organized manner, led by Ahmed Masood, the son of field commander Ahmed Shah Masood, who demanded broad representation of the Taliban in the new Afghan government on their own terms.
The two sides even began negotiations, but never found a compromise.
So, over the past few days, the Taliban and the Resistance have come up with conflicting reports about the fighting in Panjhir.
The militants said they wanted full control of the province, but the resistance denied it.
It was the Panjhir issue that delayed the formation of a new Afghan government.
Divisions within the Taliban
Members of the Movement, who have worked for many years in the Doha office and negotiated with international forces, will have to work with young field commanders who have achieved military victories on the ground. It is no secret that the Taliban are far from homogeneous organizations, but an alliance of different groups and factions. They united for a common goal namely Afghanistan without foreign troops, to establish an Islamic emirate.
The search for compromise among the representatives of the various Taliban forces is also one of the primary challenges to the Afghan political process.
The Cabinet is headed by Abdel Ghani Baradal, the leader of the movement's political faction.
economic crisis
After the Taliban seized power, Afghanistan was cut off from billions of dollars in foreign aid.
According to the World Bank, grants account for 75% of all government spending in the country.
As a result of the collapse of the previous regime, the U.S. government froze the Afghan government's state reserves at U.S. banks to prevent representatives of militants from reaching them.
The IMF also suspended its $450 million allocation.
As one of the poorest countries in the world, Afghanistan needs foreign subsidies to sustain its economic development.
Under the current conditions, the country's banking system not only has no access to reserves, but also faces deficits in foreign currencies, especially the US dollar, on which all financial mechanisms are based.
After the Taliban occupied Kabul in Afghanistan, banks shut down for several days.
The national currency fell to a record low.
As a result, the prices of a number of key products, including fruit, flour, sugar, oil, fuel and all food products imported into the country, have risen sharply.
Despite the fact that more than half of Afghanistan's population is already below the poverty line, living on about $1 a day.
In an effort to reduce the massive outflow of money, in late August the Taliban banned the export of dollars abroad.
Customers of banks in Afghanistan cannot withdraw more than $200 per day from ATMs.
This has provoked protests from savers, who have effectively lost the opportunity to adequately manage their funds.
Humanitarian crisis
The economic situation has deteriorated as a result of the massive outflow of experts who could help restore the country.
Tens of thousands of people have left Afghanistan since mid-August.
And that doesn't include the 2.6 million refugees who are already scattered around the world.
The inhabitants of the Afghan provinces are already suffering from the imminent famine.
This situation has been exacerbated not only by the change of powers, but also by the severe drought that has wreaked havoc on wheat fields in recent years.
According to the United Nations World Food Programme, Afghanistan could soon face hunger, which has so far reached 140,000.
Overall, according to the World Bank, nearly 39 million people live in the countryside.
That is, every third of the inhabitants suffer from hunger.
According to the United Nations, half of the children under the age of five in Afghanistan already face severe malnutrition.
According to the World Food Programme, Afghans will begin to run out of food this month and the number of people in need of humanitarian assistance will double.
The World Food Programme hopes that the United States, Qatar and other Gulf countries will provide assistance to the country.
However, it is unclear through which channels Afghanistan will continue to receive humanitarian aid, which is also carried out by the Americans.
In addition, the coronavirus pandemic has exacerbated the gravity of the situation.
A WHO spokesperson in Afghanistan said the number of coronavirus tests in the country had dropped sharply.
Vaccination rates have fallen by 80 percent.
Despite the fact that only 2% of the population is vaccinated.
Earlier, doctors reported that in some provinces, the Taliban banned people from being vaccinated.
In June and July, the country experienced its worst spike in infections.
Since the beginning of the Afghan pandemic, more than 150,000 coronavirus cases and more than 7,000 related deaths have been recorded. At present, the new authorities pay little or no attention to this issue.
Security threats
Although the Taliban have officially declared the end of the war in Afghanistan, there are still serious security threats in the country.
They are mainly associated with international terrorist groups such as al-Qaida and the Islamic State, which remains active in Afghanistan.
In addition, islamic State claims responsibility for two recent attacks against U.S. forces.
A springboard for terrorism
The growing terrorist threat in Afghanistan is seen as the biggest international problem posed by the Taliban's seizure of power.
Much more serious than the future state structure or the protection of civil rights.
As noted in a June 2021 report by the U.S. Congressional Research Service, Afghanistan remains home to "many of al-Qaida's key leaders," mainly concentrated in the eastern provinces of Kunar and Nangarhar, which border Pakistan.
Is sees the Taliban and al-Qaida as their enemies, accusing them of nationalism and deviating from "true Islam."
After the Taliban reached an agreement with the United States last year, it has declared war on the Taliban, the Afghan government and the Americans.
In the transition from guerrilla warfare to government formation, the Taliban may agree to some ideological softening to gain international acceptance and save Afghanistan from collapse.
However, this could lead some ideological Taliban to want to join a more radical Islam, which would strengthen the position of terrorists.
This could lead to another wave of violence.