Hello friends of today's headlines! The old king of learning farmers is here again! The previous articles have introduced some of the problems of big cherry management, but due to the limited space, they have not been fully explained to you. Today, we continue this topic and talk about a few issues in the management of big cherries.
The first problem is a problem that is easy to ignore, that is, the pest control of large cherries is not in place. In the consciousness of many fruit grower friends, they feel that there are few diseases and insect pests in large cherries, so they don't have to care. This is a misunderstanding! Although it is true that big cherries have fewer pests and diseases compared to other fruit trees, it does not mean that we can let it go! If you take the pests and diseases lightly, it is easy to find glue disease, brown spot disease, rot disease, virus disease, mesosomes, etc. As soon as the disease and pest occur, let's not say how much manpower and material resources it takes to remedy, it is better to remedy it, but the quality of the fruit is definitely not as good as before. Especially in the current consumer market, consumers are more willing to pay for high-quality products, so it is the trend of the times to turn extensive management into refined management!
Cherry gum disease
In terms of pest control, this "prevention and control is not in place" is to put it bluntly: no diseases and insect pests, no spraying, no control, and indiscriminate use of drugs for diseases and insect pests. You say, is this also the case with your homeland? If yes, then adjust your mindset and take action! Why do I emphasize action? Because many people just "understand the reason, just don't do it"! The comprehensive policy of "prevention first, comprehensive prevention and control" in the prevention and control of pests and diseases is to say whether you have heard of it or not.
What are the consequences of misconceptions and uncaring attitudes? That is, the more serious the disease, the more the insects are cured! In terms of prevention and treatment, the most important thing is to grasp the incidence of the disease and the key medication period.
For example, there are three key medication periods for gum disease, which are after leaf fall to before freezing, before budding, and before the rainy season. The agents we choose are mainly copper preparations, such as doning, Bordeaux liquid, etc., and can also use stone sulfur compounds, agricultural streptomycin, etc. Don't wait until gum disease occurs, and then think about how to use medicine to prevent it!
Speaking of brown spot disease, its infection peak is from June to August, and studies have shown that there will be a peak of infection about 1 month after each rainfall. Therefore, the prevention and control of this period is very critical, before budding, after the flowering to before harvesting, after harvesting to before the rainy season, before and after the rains in July and August, and after the leaves fall! The agent can be used as a stone sulfur compound, Bordeaux liquid, manganese zinc, pentazool, etc., which should be selected according to the later stage of the substance. Usually sprayed 2 to 3 times bordeaux liquid in June to August, it has a good effect on the prevention and treatment of brown spot disease, and has the effect of reducing leaf fall and promoting the differentiation of flower buds.
Winter and spring do a good job of antifreeze measures, reasonable fertilization, but the use of nitrogen fertilizer, can reduce the occurrence of rot disease, this point we should pay attention to!
The key period for the control of mesozoans is May to June, which is the egg incubation period of mesozoans, do not wait until the secretion of wax filaments to use medicine to control, the effect will be very poor. Therefore, it is necessary to use stone sulfur compound, imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos and other agents in advance.
Close-up of the mesozoan
The second problem is the problem that everyone knows to commit, that is, early harvesting. To emphasize here, it is not to say that all people, but some people, for the sake of short-term interests, regardless of the overall situation of the part of the people. The reputation of a fruit is accumulated by the efforts of countless people and many years, but early harvesting is a way to quickly destroy word of mouth. The early harvest of the fruit tastes light, has no flavor, is not delicious to eat, sells expensively, and in the eyes of consumers, once this influence is left, it is difficult to win back their hearts and let them make a second purchase.
Therefore, listen to Lao Wang's advice, do not pick the big cherries that have just been colored and sell them in order to pursue the high price of the market, this is the act of killing chickens and taking eggs! We must wait for the big cherries to reach harvest maturity before picking! The specific harvest time should be harvested in stages according to market demand and fruit maturity. If it is sold locally or in a relatively nearby consumer market, it is best to wait until the edible maturity is harvested, and if it is farther away, then it is harvested when the harvest maturity is reached. Harvesting should be carried out in batches, one batch of ripening, one batch of harvesting.
The third problem is that one of the reasons for the falling of large cherries and small fruits is extreme temperatures. Let's be clear that large cherries are sensitive to temperature, so try to minimize the impact of extreme high or low temperatures. In addition, in recent years, due to the influence of El Niño, extreme weather often occurs, so we must pay attention to this problem! High temperatures can cause large cherries to fall into flowers and fruits. If high temperatures are encountered from mid-to-late July to early September, the formation of stamens will be affected, and the probability of deformed fruits in the second year will be greatly increased. High temperature during the flowering period will fall flowers, high temperature after flowering will fall fruit, and high temperature during the coloring period will make the fruit smaller and the yield lower. If low temperature prevention is not in place and frost damage occurs, it is easy to break out of rot disease, dead branches, and even dead trees.
For the prevention of high temperatures, the following measures can be taken. First, build a windbreak forest, which can not only block the wind, improve the temperature of the small environment of the orchard in winter and spring, but also adjust the temperature in the hot summer and reduce the occurrence of high temperature heat damage of large cherries. Second, build a shade net, generally half a meter above the canopy of large cherry trees for shading, which can reduce the temperature of about 5 degrees Celsius, about 4 degrees Celsius of ground temperature, and has a good buffer effect on high temperature. Third, the use of sprinkler irrigation equipment for orchard cooling, the water sprayed out into water vapor can absorb heat, thereby reducing the temperature of the orchard.
For the prevention of low temperature, the main methods are reasonable fertilization, less use of nitrogen fertilizer, before the winter to cultivate the tree body, the trunk is whitened, but also watered with frozen water. In addition, the trunk can be bandaged with straw or a better air permeable material. These are all effective ways to reduce low temperature damage.
Cherry blossoms
In terms of prevention and treatment, the most important thing is to grasp the incidence of the disease and the key medication period. For example, there are three key medication periods for gum disease, which are after leaf fall to before freezing, before budding, and before the rainy season. The agents we choose are mainly copper preparations, such as doning, Bordeaux liquid, etc., and can also use stone sulfur compounds, agricultural streptomycin, etc. Listen to Lao Wang's advice, do not pick the big cherries that have just been colored and sell them in order to pursue high market prices, this is the act of killing chickens and taking eggs! We must wait for the big cherries to reach harvest maturity before picking! Minimize the effects of extreme or low temperatures. In addition, in recent years, due to the influence of El Niño, extreme weather often occurs, so we must pay attention to this problem! High temperatures can cause large cherries to fall into flowers and fruits. If low temperature prevention is not in place and frost damage occurs, it is easy to break out of rot disease, dead branches, and even dead trees.
What exactly is caused by sweet cherry gum disease? Seriously destroyable trees can not be harvested, really can't take it
If you want to understand the key points of big cherry winter management, you can use the search box above today's headline app to enter "big cherry winter management" to get more information (as shown below).