Breed and production performance of sheep
A classification basis and type of sheep breed
2. Sheep breeds for wool
3. Sheep breeds for meat
IV. Sheep breeds with skins
Five dairy sheep breeds
Six breeds of sheep for cashmere
Classification basis and type of sheep breed
First, the classification basis of sheep breeds
There are more than 600 sheep breeds and more than 150 goat breeds in the world. In order to facilitate the correct understanding, evaluation and effective use of breed resources, a large number of sheep breeds need to be classified.
The commonly used classification methods of sheep breeds are zoological taxonomy and production performance taxonomy.
Goat breeds are mainly classified by economic use.
Topic 1 Classification basis and type of sheep breed
(i) Sheep
1. Zoological taxonomy
Zoological taxonomy is based on differences in the shape and size of sheep's tails. The difference in tail shape refers to the degree of fat deposition on the tail vertebrae and the shape of the deposit; the size of the tail refers to the length of the tail, that is, whether the tip of the tail meets or exceeds the fly joint. Accordingly, sheep can be divided into the following five categories:
(1) Short skinny-tailed sheep
There is no fat deposited or less fat in the tail, and the tip of the tail is not up to the Daffy knot. Such as Tibetan sheep.
(2) Long skinny tail sheep.
There is no fat deposited or less fat in the tail, and the tail tip meets or exceeds the fly joint. Such as Xinjiang fine wool sheep.
(3) Short-fat-tailed sheep.
There is more fat deposited in the tail, and the tip of the tail is above the fly joint. Such as Mongolian sheep, small-tailed cold sheep, lake sheep and so on.
(4) Long-fat-tailed sheep.
There is more fat deposited in the tail, and the tip of the tail meets or exceeds the fly joint. Such as big-tailed cold sheep, the same sheep and so on.
(5) Fat buttocks sheep.
Fat is deposited at the base of the tail, forming an enlarged oval "fat buttocks". Such as Kazakh sheep, Altay sheep and so on.
Sheep Zoological taxonomy
2. Classification of production performance
The classification of production performance is divided according to the main products and economic uses of sheep, according to which sheep can be divided into: wool sheep, meat sheep, leather sheep, dairy sheep, cashmere sheep and so on. Each type includes many different varieties.
(2) Goats Goats have only one kind of short skinny tail.
Classified only by economic use, there are seven main types:
1. Meat goats (Nanjiang yellow sheep, Boer goats)
2. Dairy goats (Laoshan dairy goats, Saneng dairy goats)
3. Cashmere goat (Liaoning cashmere goat, etc.)
4. Wool goat (Angolan goat mohair)
5. Goat with lamb skin (Jining green sheep)
6. Fur goat (Zhongwei goat)
7. Ordinary goats (Xinjiang goats, Tibetan goats)
Second, the breed type of sheep
(1) Wool sheep to produce homogeneous fine hairs, semi-fine hairs and coarse hairs of different qualities as the main production direction.
1. Fine wool sheep
These sheep produce homogeneous fine hairs with a hair fibre of more than 60 and a hairy bush length of more than 7 cm. The coat is all white, neat, obviously curved, and the net wool rate is high, which is an important raw material for the fine textile of the wool spinning industry. (Australian Merino sheep, Chinese Merino sheep, Xinjiang fine wool sheep, Pollikas sheep, etc.)
2. Semi-fine wool sheep
The coat is homogeneous semi-fine hairs, with a hair fiber of 32-58 branches and a hair length of more than 9 cm.
It is divided into the type of combined use of wool and meat (such as Qinghai semi-fine wool sheep, Cigei sheep, etc.) and the meat and wool combined use type (such as Romney sheep, Kaolidai sheep, etc.).
3. Coarse wool sheep
The coat is composed of several different types of hair fibers such as coarse hair, villi, two types of hair and dead hair, so the fineness, length and color of the coat are inconsistent. Coarse sheep account for a large proportion of sheep in China. Coarse wool sheep have the characteristics of strong physique and strong adaptability.
(Such as Mongolian sheep, Tibetan sheep, Kazakh sheep, etc.).
(1) Wool with sheep
(2) Sheep for meat Production takes meat production as the main production direction.
It has the characteristics of fast growth rate, early sexual maturity, body weight, good meat production performance, high fecundity and good hybridization effect.
China's cold sheep, Altay sheep, Uzumuqin sheep, Lanzhou big tail sheep and so on are mainly meat-producing local breeds.
Foreign Charolais sheep, small-tailed Dubo sheep, Texel sheep, hornless Tawsett sheep, Suffolk sheep, Boer goats and other precocious meat breeds.
(b) Sheep for meat
(3) Sheep for skins The production of sheepskin is the main production direction, including lambskin sheep and fur sheep.
1. Lamb skin sheep
Its fur roll pattern is beautiful, the economic value is very high, is the production of coats, leather hats, collars of the high-grade raw materials.
Such as Karakul sheep, lake sheep, Jining green sheep, Kucha sheep and so on.
2. Fur sheep
Its hair spikes are beautiful and white, glossy, and the fur has the characteristics of warmth, lightness, firmness and no felt knots.
Such as Ningxia beach sheep, Zhongwei goats.
(3) Sheep for skin
(4) Dairy sheep take milk production as the main production direction.
There are mainly Sanen goats, Tugenbao goats, Guanzhong dairy goats and so on.
(5) Cashmere sheep Take velvet production as the main production direction.
Such as Liaoning cashmere goat, Inner Mongolia cashmere goat.