Article from: Mifu and Tian Yu
If you look at the news recently, you will find that the export of gao guyu is a bit high, last year at the Sotheby's auction in Hong Kong, a piece of Dongzhou topaz rui beast accessories sold for 26.57 million, which is the most shocking gao gu jade seen in the market so far.
▲Eastern Zhou Topaz Rui Beast Jade Pendant, 26.575 million Hong Kong dollars sold (including commission)
This topaz beast-shaped pendant, simple and powerful in shape, exquisitely carved, the size is up to 22 centimeters, which is rare in existence, and should be a typical dragon-shaped pendant of the Warring States period. The shape of the beast blends reality and imagination, the lines are fluent and elegant, full of rhythm, between the curves and straights, outlining the intimidating posture of the beast, the body of the beast is delicately carved, the relief pattern is vague, the rigidity and softness are harmonious, and the momentum is endless.
Although the surviving beast-shaped pendants are similar, the legs of the present example are made of phoenix and dragon patterns with yin carved curves, which are unique, highlighting the characteristics of the feathers and curly scrolls of the animal patterns of the changbei birds and beasts in the dynasty, the design is smooth and simple, concise and unconventional, there is no redundancy, and a few strokes have clearly captured the charm of the divine beast.
What is the origin of this beast? It's so shocking!
The answer is: Topaz.
Usually, there are three kinds of "topaz" that we now call on the market: topaz, yellow qin, and yellow mouth
The color of Hetian jade's topaz is native, is a characteristic dignified yellow, topaz is very rare, in the history of thousands of years of jade exploration, only occasionally seen, the quality is not inferior to mutton fat jade.
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▲ The Palace Museum in Beijing holds the Qianlong Topaz Three Sheep Statue of the Qing Dynasty
From light yellow to dark yellow, the color of "yellow steamed pear" is the best. According to the color change, it is named: dense wax yellow, maroon yellow, okra yellow, yellow flower yellow, egg yolk and so on. The ancients took the "Huangyou steamed pear" as the best.
▲ Qingqianlong Topaz bowl
In ancient times, the high-grade Hetian topaz raw materials have always been used as royal jade, and the general circulation of folk topaz is very rare, even if there is, it is mostly yellow with green, or yellow jade, now there are many folk old topaz flower pieces handed down from the Ming and Qing dynasties, in fact, it is made of topaz jade, and now many people do not know, and mistakenly think that it is Hetian topaz.
▲Qingqianlong Topaz a pint of green lotus ruyi
Huangqin generally refers to the iron impregnation of jade material that gradually changes from outside to in, and generally refers to the impregnation of seed material. Therefore, the Huangqin material is formed by the hetian white jade or green white material after tens of millions of years of river erosion, so that the trivalent iron ions in the water are impregnated.
However, in essence, Huangqin material belongs to the post-emerging jade species rather than the original topaz, so Qin's transparent Huangqin material cannot be called topaz from a scientific point of view.
From the appearance point of view, the color of Hetian seed material Huangqin is a transition gradient on the color from the outside to the inside.
In addition, the seeds of Huangqin are marked with different degrees of black dots, which is the result of long-term invasion of iron trioxide.
Huangqin seed material must be fleshy inside before it can be qined in to become yellow. Can't be inside is raw meat also called Huang Qin, that is not right, is a misunderstanding. Most of the so-called yellow qin materials on the market now are actually a kind of yellow skin seed material.
Yellow mouthmouth is produced in a wide range of places, xinjiang Kunlun Mountain, Ruoqiang, Jimu, Montenegro, Arjin Mountain, Qinghai, Russia and other places have the output of yellow mouthpiece. In the past two years, Qinghai material yellow mouth is more common in the market, and Russian material yellow mouth is less.
▲ Auctioned 3.6 million high-priced yellow mouth works
01, Ruoqiang yellow mouth
When it comes to Huang Muzzle, Yuyou's first reaction is Ruoqiang. Ruoqiang Huangkou's reputation is also second to none. Its excellent oiliness has always been sought after by many players. The top Ruoqiang yellow has a good mouth quality and is of good quality, and the quality is comparable to topaz.
The overall tone is warm yellow, and there is also a part of the greenish yellow mouthcoat, which gives people the visual feeling of the material that looks more thoroughly cooked. It is often associated with sugar jade, mostly with sugar color, also known as sugar yellow mouth. Due to the decline in production in recent years, it is currently difficult to find it on the market.
02. Black Mountain Huangkou
Montenegro Yellow Mouth And Celegobi Yellow Mouth can be called "Hotan Yellow Mouth Material", and the tone of Black Mountain Yellow Mouth is also green and yellow, which is relatively delicate.
03, and the end of the yellow mouth
And the end is an important town of jade, the history of producing Hetian jade is very long, the yellow mouth here is more common, and it can even be said that it is mainly cyan, slightly yellow.
And the end of the green yellow mouth jade is good, delicate and cooked glutinous, but more cracked, easy to sex, so more used to make mountains and pendants, out of the brand and bracelet is more difficult.
04. Qinghai Huangkou
Nowadays, the yellow mouth material Qinghai yellow mouth on the market accounts for the majority, and its color is green and yellow, and some of them are relatively green and yellowish.
With the characteristics of Qinghai material water permeability, occasional waterline and white cotton precipitation, as long as you can recognize Qinghai material, it is not difficult to distinguish Qinghai yellow mouth. Of course, there is still no shortage of fine products in Qinghai material, and the color and runness of good yellow mouth material are very good, which is a very potential jade species in the current yellow mouth material.
05, Russian material yellow mouth
Russian material yellow mouth material on the market is relatively small, Russian material yellow mouth in Zhenping is called "Russian material white jade, not too white only", the general color is lighter, it looks more yellow and white, slightly yellow, yellowness is not as good as Qinghai, Ruoqiang yellow mouth material, but not much green, more compact in texture, hardness is also high.
Yellow mouth material also has some disadvantages, although the production of yellow mouth material everywhere is actually relatively large, but the utilization rate is very low and very low. Because the yellow mouthpiece is often flawed, especially some dark cracks.
In addition, including cotton, dirty, sugar, chickenpox, white spots, black spots, waterline, etc., yellow mouth material in the rough state has a variety of deficiencies, often a large piece of material can only produce relatively small works in the end.
▲ "Nine Days of Flying Streams" was sold for 13.8 million yuan at the Beijing Poly Auction in 2014
In the Ming Dynasty Gao Lian's "Yan Xian Qing Appreciation Note", it is said that "jade is sweet and yellow first, followed by mutton fat", the ancients listed topaz as the first among jade, and the sheep fat jade ranked behind, and the status of topaz in Hetian jade can be seen.
Jade friends who love this "imperial color", when encountering high-quality topaz, don't miss yo~
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