In 209 BC, Chen Sheng and Wu Guang revolted in Dazexiang, so that the ambitionists of the Six Kingdoms saw the opportunity and responded with troops, and for a while, the smoke of war broke out in the north and south of the river. Among them, Yin Tong, who is the sheriff of the huijian county, is also eager to move.
The "History of Xiang Yu Benji" records that in July of the first year of Qin II, Chen Shi and others rose to Dazezhong. In September, Hui Shou tong said liang yue: "Jiangxi is all anti-, and this is also the time when the heavens die in Qin." I heard that the first is to make people, and then to be controlled by people. I want to send troops, envoys and generals. ”
Huijian Commandery Shou Yin tong, there are few records in the history books, only in the Xiang Yu Benji, but yin tong jurisdiction is very large, in 222 BC Qin Shi Huang set up Hui Ji County, to manage the Spring and Autumn South of the Yangtze River, Wu, Yue Guo's homeland, so Yin Tong is a real feudal official.
Xiang Liang and Xiang Yu killed people in their hometown of Suqian, and in order to avoid the lawsuit, they fled to their friend Yin Tong in Jiangnan. After Chen Sheng and Wu Guang revolted, Yin Tong believed that the time had come, and the Qin Dynasty was indestructible, and was ready to rebel, with Xiang Liang and Huan Chu as generals.
01
At that time, Huan Chu fled to Daze and disappeared, only Xiang Yu knew where Huan Chu was. Then, Xiang Liang went out to find Xiang Yu, who was guarding outside, and after the two of them said something, Xiang Yu followed him in.
It was Shi Huan Chu who died in Zezhong. Liang Yue: "Huan Chu died, people do not know where they are, and the ear of the sole (Xiang Yu) knows." "Liang Nai came out, and commanded the book to stay outside with a sword. Liang Fu entered, sat down with the guards, and said, "Please summon the book, so that you can be summoned huanchu." Shou Yue: "No. "Liang summoned naturalization. Xu Wei, Liang Xuan said: "It is feasible! So he drew his sword and beheaded him.
Obviously, when Xiang Liang went out to see Xiang Yu, he was instructing Xiang Yu to choose an opportunity to kill Yin Tong. Xiang Liang, like the Super Shadow Emperor, communicated with Yin Tong about starting a military campaign, but Xiang Yu suddenly drew his sword and beheaded Yin Tong after hearing Xiang Liang say that it was feasible.
After that, Yin Tong's subordinates panicked greatly, the scene was chaotic, Xiang Yu killed nearly a hundred people in a row, making the county government terrified, and they all lay on the ground and did not dare to get up. Xiang Liang gathered local heroes and strongmen, mobilized Wuzhong to raise troops, and then took over the counties under Wuzhong County, with a total of 8,000 elite soldiers, which is the origin of Xiang Yu's "eight thousand Jiangdong disciples" later.
At this point, Xiang Liang made huijian county keeper, and Xiang Yu was made a deputy general.
02
Yin Tong was benevolent to Xiang Liang, and Yin Tong raised a military campaign to benefit Xiang Liang's ambition to restore the country, so why did Xiang Liang kill Yin Tong very ruthlessly?
To unravel this question, let's first look at Xiang Liang's next behavior.
After the uprising of Chen Sheng and Wu Guang, the "Zhang Chu" regime was established, that is, the meaning of Zhang Dachu State, and Liu Bang and Xiang Liang both recognized this regime, so the Han Dynasty history books believe that there was also a Zhang Chu Dynasty between Qin and Han, which is why. In the face of the fierce rebel army, Hu Hai of Qin II sent Zhang Handan to lead troops to quell the rebellion, and the rebels who had once fought fled in all directions.
The Guangling people summoned Ping to attack Guangling (Yangzhou, Jiangsu) for Chen Sheng, but failed to capture it, at this time he heard that Chen Sheng's soldiers were defeated and fled, and Zhang Handan was approaching, so he crossed the Yangtze River, falsely passed on Chen Sheng's order, granted Xiang Liang Zhang Chu the official position of Shangzhu Guo, and fooled Xiang Liang and said, "Jiangdong has been decided, and urgently lead troops to attack Qin in the west!" Xiang Liang led eight thousand soldiers across the river.
After Chen Sheng's defeat, Qin Jia established himself as the Grand Sima at Pengcheng (Xuzhou, Jiangsu) and Jing Ju, a descendant of the Chu royal family, as the King of Chu. However, after Xiang Liang heard about it, he not only did not obey the orders of Jingju, the king of Chu, but attacked Jingju instead.
The "Zizhi Tongjian" records that Liang Zhijun said: "King Chen was the first to do things, the war was unfavorable, and he did not hear where it was. Now Qin Jiabei Chen Wang and Li Jingju, the great rebellion is no way! "Nai attacked Qin Jia, and Qin Jia's army was defeated. Chased, to Huling, Jia fought for a day, Jia died, the army surrendered; Jingju walked to Liangdi.
It can be seen that the Xiang clan has been a shogun for generations and enjoys a high reputation in the Chu state, but Xiang Liang does not have the idea of restoring the Xiong clan Chu state, and it is Chen Sheng who is ostensibly subject to it.
03
Qin Jia was killed in battle, Jing Ju fled, and the rebel army in Chu Di lost its mind, how did Xiang Liang do it? Quite simply, Xiang Liang became the leader. But the problem was that after Xiang Liang became the leader, the war did not go well.
1, Xiang Liang ordered the generals of the other unified army Zhu Jishi and Yu Fanjun to engage the Zhang army, Yu Fanjun was killed in battle, Zhu Jishi was defeated and fled, and then Xiang Liang pursued and killed Zhu Jishi.
2, Xiang Liang allocated Liu Bang 5,000 more soldiers and 10 officers of the fifth rank. Liu Bang again led an attack on Fengyi and captured the city, but Yongya defected to the State of Wei.
3, Xiang Liang sent Xiang Yu to attack Xiangcheng from another road, and Xiangcheng insisted that it could not be attacked for a while. After the fall, Xiang Yu was about to bury all the soldiers and civilians defending the city alive, and then return to Xiang Liang.
Therefore, Xiang Liang held a meeting of the Chu rebel army, which was attended by Liu Bang and Fan Zeng, and Fan Zeng pointed out the root cause of the problem.
The "Records of History" records Fan Zengyun: Chen Sheng lost, Gu Dang. Fu Qin destroyed the Six Kingdoms, and Chu was the most innocent. Since King KunHuai entered Qin, the Chu people have been pitiful to this day. Therefore, Chu Nan Gong said: "Although Chu has three households, qin will be chu when it dies." "Now Chen Sheng's first thing, not standing up after Chu and then standing on his own, his momentum is not long. Now that the emperor rises in Jiangdong, the Generals of Chu will all compete for the vassals, and the Chu generals of the Junshi Dynasty will be able to restore Chu after that.
That is to say, Fan Zeng took Chen Sheng's defeat for granted, because he did not support the descendants of the King of Chu and established himself as king, so you must learn a lesson, and the queen of Chu can be a king in order to have a long-term martial fortune. Therefore, Xiang Liang found the grandson of King Huai of Chu (熊心) from the people, and at that time, Xiang Liang was herding sheep for others, because the Chu people sympathized with the tragic suffering of King Chu Huai, so Xiang Liang li Li Washi as the King of Chu Huai, "from the people's expectations", and Xiang Liang called himself Wu Xinjun and actually controlled the Chu rebel army.
04
After Xiang Liang's death in battle, King Huai of Chu briefly took control of power and relied on Song Yi and others to suppress Xiang Yu. At this time, Zhang Handan attacked Zhao, Xiang Yu was unwilling to save Zhao, preferring to go west to enter the pass, the King of Chu Huai did not agree, but let Liu Bangxi attack the Qin state, and let Song Yi lead Xiang Yu to save Zhao.
Song Yi led his army north, but chose to wait and see Zhang Handan attack Zhao, and Xiang Yu killed Song Yi in a rage, leading his army to break the cauldron and win the battle of Julu. However, at this time, Liu Bang had already invaded Xianyang, and according to the agreement between the King of Chu Huai and the generals to "break qin into Xianyang first", Liu Bang could be called king, but Xiang Yu could not be called king, which made Xiang Yu very annoyed.
"Zizhi Tongjian": Xiang Yu makes people fatally Huai Wang, Huai Wang said: "As promised." Xiang Yu angrily said, "The one who holds the king, the ear of my family, if it is not meritorious, how can it be the lord's covenant!" When the world first attacked, the princes were falsely established to cut down Qin. However, those who are firmly in charge of the first thing, exposed to the wild for three years, and destroy the Qin Dynasty, will all be with the power of the kings and the origins. Although the king of Huai is useless, he should divide the land and the king. ”
King Huai of Chu's "as promised" means that Xiang Yu will not be crowned king, Xiang Yu will be angry and usurp power, honor Xiong Xin as "Emperor Yi", and then divide himself into princes of the world, and Xiang Yu will establish himself as the "King of Western Chu" and set the capital pengcheng.
In 206 BC, Xiang Yu sent Yingbu to kill Xiong Xin.
Through the life trajectory of Xiang Liang and Xiang Yu, it can be seen that although the Xiang clan has been a Chu general for generations, and the Chu state has been benevolent to the Xiang clan, the ultimate goal of Xiang Liang is not to restore Chu, but to four words - to split the land and claim the king, and establish the thousand-year foundation of the Xiang clan. On the basis of this goal, xiangliang and xiangyu's behavior is easy to explain.
Xiang Liang killed Yin Tong because he did not want to work for others, the purpose was to control a force on his own, and if Xiang Liang followed Yin Tong in rebellion, he would only be a general. Attaching to Chen Sheng is only borrowing the banner of Chen Sheng. After Chen Sheng's death, Jingju became the King of Chu, and Xiang Liang pursued and killed Jingju, seemingly loyal to Chen Sheng, but in fact eliminating potential competitors. After that, Xiang Liang set up the bear heart of the sheep as the king, was there no one else to choose? In the end, it may still be xiongxin who has better control, but Xiang Liang did not expect to die in battle. After Xiang Liang's death, the Xiang clan fell into a low ebb, but after Xiang Yu won the Battle of Julu, not only was his prestige unmatched, but he also mastered the army, which in turn exposed his ambitions and usurped power to replace the position of King huai of Chu.
In short, for Xiang Liang, as long as he can make Xiang Shi wang, Chen Sheng can be the king of Chu, and the king of Chu Huai can also be the king of Chu. Therefore, Xiang Liang rebelled against Qin, and there may be a family vendetta in it, but the national hatred really can't be talked about, this is the ambitionist of the late Qin standard, not a patriot.
References: "History", "Zizhi Tongjian"