Variegated clam, scientific name Philippine curtain clam, its wild species began to be mainly distributed in the Philippines, the South China Sea and the East China Sea, the Yellow Sea and other seas, hence the name Philippine curtain clam. Now, variegated clams are widely distributed and are a common shellfish, commonly known as clams in the Shandong Peninsula, flower clams in the south, and clams in the Liaoning Peninsula.
Variegated clam is an affordable kind of people-friendly seafood, the meat is tender, delicious, nutritious, cooking, spicy stir-frying, cold mixing, filling, often appear on people's tables, the market demand is relatively large. Along the coast of the Shandong Peninsula and the Liaoning Peninsula, the mudflat farming of variegated clams is a channel for farmers to increase their income. Xiaobian's hometown is located in the northern part of Jiaodong Peninsula, bordering Laizhou Bay in bohai, there are many local farmers who are engaged in variegated clam farming all year round, and Xiaobian has also participated in the breeding process. After in-depth exchanges with farmers, some of the breeding experience they have accumulated over the years will be sorted out and shared with everyone.
Variegated clams are shellfish, its shape is slightly oval, the shell is relatively strong, the shell lobes are equal to the left and right, the sides are not equal, and the beak at the top of the shell is located in the front half. The ligaments are inlayed, do not protrude from the shell surface, and have 3 main teeth on each side of the left and right shells. Variegated clams hermaphrodite, spawning and reproduction, the seedlings after birth are very small, the naked eye can see about 1mm or so, the external environment is suitable, variegated clams grow relatively fast, about one and a half to two years, can grow into 2.5-4cm finished products.
Variegated clams mainly inhabit mudflats with sediment bottoms, and its adaptability is relatively strong, with the characteristics of wide temperature, wide salt and wide distribution. Water temperature at 0-36 °C, variegated clams can survive, 5-35 °C can grow normally, 18-30 °C when the fastest growth, water temperature 20-25 °C variegated clams spawn, water temperature above 43 °C will die in a large area, water temperature for a long time below -2 °C will also gradually die. Variegated clams are also very adaptable to salinity, and can grow normally when the proportion of seawater is 1.004-1.027, and the most suitable proportion of seawater is 1.015-1.020. Variegated clams are distributed in China's coastal waters, especially in the Shandong Peninsula, Liaoning Peninsula sea areas produced in the best quality, many are exported to Japan and other places.
Variegated clams live in the mud and sand of the mud and mud, and if you want to raise variegated clams well, choosing a good mudflat is the first step to success. When choosing a beach, one should look at the bottom, the second should look at the terrain, the third should look at the tide, and the fourth should look at the environment.
The so-called look at the substrate is to look at the composition of the tidal flats, is it sand or silt? Variegated clams should grow in sand-containing tidal flats, pure muddy tidal flats are not suitable, the most suitable substrate structure is sand content of 70%-80% tidal flats, such tidal flats are soft and permeable, convenient for variegated clams to burrow and rise from the mud to the beach surface at high tide, extending the water pipe for breathing, feeding and excretion.
The so-called look at the terrain is to choose the flat tidal flats, choose the middle and low tide areas, neither dry beaches, nor too steep and too deep. Theoretically, variegated clams can grow from the intertidal zone to a water depth of 4 meters, but it is best to choose a flat terrain with a water depth of no more than 2 meters after the tide falls, which is conducive to the stable growth of variegated clams. Too steep mudflats are prone to seed migration and loss, too deep tidal flats are more difficult to harvest and fish, dry flats and too shallow mudflats are not conducive to the growth of variegated clams.
The so-called look at the tide, is to see whether the surrounding terrain has an impact on the tide of the seawater, variegated clams are suitable for growing in the tidal flats with gentle wind and waves, the flow rate of the seawater can not be less than 10 cm / s, theoretically speaking, the greater the circulating flow rate of the seawater, the more bait it brings, the more suitable for the rapid growth of variegated clams. The most suitable flow rate is 1-2.5 m/s. The tide is sometimes invisible on the surface, but it is a very important condition, because in the past few years, because of the blind reclamation, it affected the circulation of the sea, destroyed the original ecological environment, and caused the death or stagnation of many variegated clams farmed along the beach.
The so-called look at the environment is to see whether there is industrial pollution in the sea area, whether there is no seaweed production and siltation, and whether it can affect the dissolved oxygen of seawater. Variegated clams can grow normally in seawater with dissolved oxygen of 1 mg/l, which means that it is suitable for general sea areas. In seawater with dissolved oxygen greater than 5 mg/L, variegated clams grow the fastest. When dissolved oxygen is less than 0.5 mg/L, variegated clams die. If dissolved oxygen is too low for more than one week, large-scale deaths occur. Why is it proposed here to observe whether there is no seaweed in the sea area? Many farmers reported that some along the beach because of reclamation, changed the direction of the sea current, in the spring and summer, will be generated in the low tide zone and retain a large amount of seaweed, covering the mudflat where variegated clams grow, resulting in low dissolved oxygen in the seawater, resulting in the death of a large area of farmed variegated clams.
In addition, the water temperature and sea water specific gravity required for the growth of variegated clams are more suitable for the waters of Jiaodong Peninsula and Liaoning Peninsula, and can be avoided too much consideration.
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